Gliding ring

• US 4,456,265 A
• Filed: 01/16/1979
• Issued: 06/26/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 01/16/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alan J. Adler
• Original Assignee: Alan J. Adler
• Inventors: Adler, Alan J.
• Primary Examiner(s): SHAPIRO, PAUL
• Application Number:
  US06/003,992
• Time in Patent Office: 1,988 Days
• Field of Search: 273/106 B, 273/106 D, 273/424, 273/425, 244/45 R, 244/34 A
• US Class Current: 473/589
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/06 having disc- or ring-shaped wings

Abstract

A gliding ring toy comprised of an annular airfoil angled in order to compensate for air downwash effects and to balance the aerodynamic lift, fore and aft, in gliding flight.

Claims

1. A gliding body comprising;

an annular airfoil defined by;

an upper and a lower surface,

an axis of revolution,

a projected reference plane which is normal to said axis of revolution,

an inner and outer perimeter,

a reference extended chord line,

passing through said inner and outer perimeters,

said annular airfoil configured such that at least a portion of said annular airfoil has a negative airfoil-angle relative to said reference plane, so that, at least in said portion, the outer perimeter of the annulus is lower than the inner perimeter of the annulus when said projected reference plane is horizontal and said body is oriented for proper flight, with said upper surface uppermost;

thereby compensating for air downwash and balancing the lift fore and aft in said gliding body,

said annular airfoil having a streamlined cross-section in order to present low aerodynamic drag to a flow of air which is generally parallel to said reference plane,

said annular airfoil having a weight of less than 0.2 ounces per square inch of projected area, thereby permitting a substantially level glide at speeds below 100 feet per second.

2. A gliding body as recited in claim 1 wherein said annular airfoil is of ogival cross-section.

3. A gliding body as recited in claim 1 wherein at least a portion of said body has a textured surface with surface features having both circumferential and radial discontinuities.

4. A gliding body as recited in claim 1 wherein said annular airfoil is fabricated from a resilient material.

5. A gliding body as recited in claim 4 wherein said resilient material is centrally stiffened by a more rigid material.

6. A gliding body as recited in claim 5 wherein said resilient material is a thermoplastic elastomer and said more rigid material is high-impact thermoplastic.

7. A gliding body as recited in claim 1 wherein said airfoil-angle is computed from the following formula:

##EQU6## where α

_p =degrees of airfoil angle in those portions of the airfoil which are angled

S_t =total airfoil area

S_p =area of the angled portions of the airfoil

α

=(K·

W/D²)

where;

K=45±

15

W=weight of said gliding body in ounces

D=mean diameter of annulus in inches.

8. A gliding body comprising;

an annular airfoil defined by;

an upper and a lower surface,

an axis of revolution,

a projected reference plane which is normal to said axis of revolution, an inner and outer perimeter,

a reference chord line passing through said inner and outer perimeters,

said annular airfoil configured with a negative airfoil-angle such that the revolution of the chord length of said reference chord line defines the angled surface of a frustrum of a cone, whereby in flight the forward portion of said annular airfoil is at a lower angle of incidence to the flight path than the remainder of said annular airfoil, thereby compensating for air downwash effects from said forward portion and balancing the aerodynamic lift fore and aft in said gliding body,

said annular airfoil having a streamlined cross-section in order to present low aerodynamic drag to a flow of air which is generally parallel to said reference plane,

said annular airfoil having a weight of less than 0.2 ounces per square inch of projected area, thereby permitting a substantially level glide at speeds below 100 feet per second.

9. A gliding body as recited in claim 8 wherein said airfoil-angle is determined by the following formula:

##EQU7## where α

=airfoil-angle, degrees

K=45±

15

W=weight of said gliding body, ounces

D=means diameter of annulus, inches.

10. A gliding body as recited in claim 8 wherein said airfoil angle is between 1 and 2 degrees.

11. A gliding body as recited in claim 8 and having the following dimensions:

Weight=2 to 4 ounces

Mean diameter=8 to 12 inches

Chord length=1 to 3 inches

Thickness=0.05 to 0.20 inches

Airfoil angle=1 to 2 degrees.

12. A gliding body as recited in claim 11 having an ogival airfoil section.

13. A gliding body as recited in claim 12 wherein said body is constructed of high impact thermoplastic material.

14. A gliding body as recited in claim 12 wherein said body is constructed of a composite of thermoplastic elastomer material and high-impact thermoplastic material.

15. A gliding body as recited in claim 8 wherein said airfoil angle is determined by the following formula:

##EQU8## where α

=airfoil angle, degrees

W=weight of said gliding body, ounces

V=intended flight velocity, feet per second

D=mean diameter of annulus, inches.

16. A gliding body comprising;

an annular airfoil defined by;

an upper and a lower surface,

an axis of revolution,

a projected reference plane which is normal to said axis of revolution, an inner and outer perimeter,

a reference extended chord line, passing through said inner and outer perimeters,

said annular airfoil configured such that at least a portion of said annular airfoil has a negative airfoil-angle relative to said reference plane, so that, at least in said portion, the outer perimeter of the annulus is lower than the inner perimeter of the annulus when said projected reference plane is horizontal and said body is oriented for proper flight, with said upper surface uppermost;

thereby compensating for air downwash and balancing the lift fore and aft in said gliding body,

said annular airfoil having a streamlined cross-section in which the vertical distance between the highest and lowest portions at the inner perimeter is less than the maximum thickness of the airfoil,

said annular airfoil having a weight of less than 0.2 ounces per square inch of projected area, thereby permitting a substantially level glide at speeds below 100 feet per second.

17. A gliding body as recited in claim 16 wherein said annular airfoil is of ogival cross-section.

18. A gliding body as recited in claim 16 wherein at least a portion of said body has a textured surface with surface features having both circumferential and radial discontinuities.

19. A gliding body as recited in claim 16 wherein said annular airfoil is fabricated from a resilient material.

20. A gliding body as recited in claim 19 wherein said resilient material is centrally stiffened by a more rigid material.

21. A gliding body as recited in claim 20 wherein said resilient material is a thermoplastic elastomer and said more rigid material is high-impact thermoplastic.

22. A gliding body as recited in claim 16 wherein said airfoil-angle is computed from the following formula:

##EQU9## where α

_p =degrees of airfoil angle in those portions of the airfoil which are angled

S_t =total airfoil area

S_p =area of the angled portions of the airfoil

α

=(K·

W/D²)

where;

K=45±

15

W=weight of said gliding body in ounces

D=mean diameter of annulus in inches.

23. A gliding ring comprising an annular airfoil having an ogival cross-section in any radial plane containing the rotational axis of the airfoil and with the outside of the lower surface lower than the inside thereof, said lower surface inclined at an angle of between 1 and 2 degrees to a plane perpendicular to the rotational axis of the airfoil.