Apparatus for communicating utility usage related information from a utility usage location to a portable utility usage registering device

• US 4,463,354 A
• Filed: 12/09/1981
• Issued: 07/31/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 12/09/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Aclara RF Systems, Inc. (ESCO Technologies, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Lawrence M. Sears
• Inventors: Sears, Lawrence M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Groody, James J.
• Application Number:
  US06/328,950
• Time in Patent Office: 965 Days
• Field of Search: 340/870.02, 340/870.03, 340/870.32, 340/870.05, 340/306, 346/14 MR, 324/l57, 364/483, 179/82
• US Class Current: 340/870.02
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/006 Remote reading of utility meters to a non-fixed location, i.e. mobile location
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 22/00 Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 17/04 using magnetically coupled devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/45 using electronic distributors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading

Abstract

Method and apparatus are disclosed for communicating utility usage information from a utility usage location to a portable utility usage registering device (22). A utility usage detection circuit (10) is provided at the utility usage location. The circuit is connectable to a conventional utility meter (12), e.g., a natural gas meter, and provides an electrical signal indicative of utility usage. This signal is applied across a first inductive coil (23), which is mounted at the utility usage location such that the resulting magnetic field is accessible. A matching coil (36) is associated with the portable utility usage registering device and is housed such that it may be positioned within the magnetic field produced by the first inductive coil. When thus positioned the electrical signal produced by the circuit (10) is induced in the matching coil as a result of mutual inductance between the two coils. The electrical signal is thus communicated to the portable utility usage registering device without utilizing conventional electrical connectors, which are susceptible to corrosion, dirt contamination, etc.

Claims

1. Apparatus for communicating information relating to utility usage at a utility usage location to a portable utility usage registering device, comprising means for, when enabled, providing an electrical signal indicative of utility usage, an inductive coil adapted to receive said electrical signal indicative of utility usage for providing a localized magnetic field which changes in accordance therewith, whereby a portable magnetic field detector associated with said portable utility usage registering device may be disposed within said field so as to detect said magnetic field and thus receive information relating to utility usage, and means for enabling said electrical signal providing means in response to a signal induced in said inductive coil by said portable utility usage registering device.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, and further comprising coil housing means for housing said inductive coil such that said magnetic field is accessible, said housing means providing a hermetically sealed enclosure for said coil when mounted on a surface exposed to the weather.

3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said means for providing said electrical signal comprises digital means for generating a digital signal indicative of utility usage, and modulator means for modulating a carrier signal in accordance with said digital signal to provide a modulated carrier signal serving as said electrical signal indicative of utility usage.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said means for providing said electrical signal comprises first means for generating a parallel multibit digital word indicative of utility usage, parallel to serial converter means for converting said parallel word into a serial bit stream, and modulator means for modulating a carrier signal in accordance with said serial bit stream to provide a modulated carrier signal serving as said electrical signal indicative of utility usage.

5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 4, wherein said parallel to serial converter means is responsive to a reset signal and converts said parallel word into a serial bit stream each time said reset signal occurs, and further wherein said enabling means includes means for providing said reset signal in response to said signal induced in said inductive coil by said portable utility usage registering device.

6. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 for use in a system wherein said portable utility usage registering device provides an electromagnetic interrogation indication when said portable magnetic field detector associated with said portable utility usage registering device is positioned to detect the magnetic field produced by said inductive coil and is thus prepared to receive said information relating to utility usage, and wherein said enabling means comprises means for providing said reset signal in response to receipt of said interrogation indication by said inductive coil.

7. Apparatus as set forth in claim 4, wherein said modulator means comprises means for amplitude modulating said carrier signal in accordance with said serial bit stream.

8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein said amplitude modulator means comprises oscillator means for providing a carrier signal when said serial bit stream has a first logic value and no carrier signal when it has a second logic value.

9. Apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein said amplitude modulator means comprises oscillator means having an input and an output, said oscillator means being responsive to the logic value of an input signal applied to said input for providing a carrier signal on said output only when said input signal has a first logic value, and means for applying said serial bit stream to said oscillator input whereby said oscillator provides an output signal comprised of a carrier signal whose amplitude is modulated in accordance with said serial bit stream.

10. Apparatus as set forth in claim 4, wherein said first means comprises utility usage detector means for providing an indication each time an incremental amount of utility usage occurs, and counter means for counting said indications to provide a count signal representative of the cumultative number of said indications, said counter means providing at least part of said count signal as a parallel multibit digital word.

11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10, wherein said means for providing said indication each time an incremental amount of utility usage occurs comprises revolution detector means connectable to a utility meter having a dial arm which rotates at a rate proportional to utility usage for providing an electrical pulse upon each full revolution of said dial arm, said electrical pulse being said indication.

12. Apparatus for communicating utility usage information to a portable utility usage registering device from a utility usage location, comprising an inductive coil adapted to be coupled to said portable utility usage registering device for providing thereto signals induced across said coil by externally applied magnetic fields, whereby said utility usage information may be communicated to said portable utility usage device by generating a magnetic field which changes in accordance with said information and disposing said inductive coil in said magnetic field, and further comprising means for applying a signal across said coil such that said coil generates its own magnetic field for notifying apparatus at said utility usage location that said portable utility usage registering device is prepared to receive said information.

13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein said apparatus further comprises coil housing means for housing said inductive coil.

14. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12, adapted for use in a system wherein a modulated carrier signal is induced across said coil by said externally applied magnetic field, wherein said apparatus further comprises means for demodulating said modulated carrier signal so as to thereby recover said utility usage information.

15. Apparatus for communicating information relating to utility usage from a utility usage location to a portable utility usage registering device, comprising first means adapted to be installed at said utility usage location for generating a localized magnetic field which changes in a manner representative of utility usage information, and second means adapted to be coupled to and carried about with said portable utility usage registering device for being disposed within and detecting changes in said localized magnetic field generated by said first means, said second means thus detecting said utility usage information.

16. Apparatus as set forth in claim 15, wherein said first means includes a first inductive coil for generating said magnetic field and said second means includes a second inductive coil for detecting said magnetic field.

17. Apparatus as set forth in claim 16, wherein said first and second inductive coils are housed within first and second housings, respectively, said first and second housings being configured so that they can be mated to one another and that, when thus mated, said first and second coils are close coupled whereby magnetic fields generated by one of said coils will then induce signals in the other of said coils.

18. Apparatus as set forth in claims 17, wherein said first housing is hermetically sealed such that first coil is protected from ambient environmental conditions.

19. Apparatus for determining utility usage at a utility usage location, and for electrically communicating a related utility usage signal to a portable utility usage recording device carried from one utility usage location to another, comprising:

counter means responsive to utility usage for accumulating a count representative of total utility usage,

triggerable modulator means for, when triggered, modulating a carrier signal in accordance with said count,

coil means mountable in a readily accessible location and coupled to said modulator means for receiving said modulated carrier therefrom, said coil means providing a magnetic field which varies in accordance with said modulated carrier, said magnetic field being accessible such that a portable magnetic field responsive means associated with said portable utility usage recording device can be disposed within said magnetic field so as to receive said modulated carrier therefrom, and

receiver means responsive to signals magnetically induced in said coil means by said portable utility usage recording device for triggering said modulator means in response thereto.