Process for the disassembling of scrap alkaline electric storage batteries

• US 4,464,830 A
• Filed: 09/21/1982
• Issued: 08/14/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 09/24/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: SAB NIFE AB Box
• Original Assignee: SAB NIFE AB
• Inventors: Carlsson, Erik M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Goldberg, Howard N.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ECHOLS, PERCY W
• Application Number:
  US06/420,923
• Time in Patent Office: 693 Days
• Field of Search: 29/763, 29/403.1, 29/403.3, 29/426.1, 29/426.2, 29/426.3, 29/426.4, 29/426.5, 429/49
• US Class Current: 29/763
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 1/005 Preliminary treatment of scrap C22B1/02 - C22B1/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 7/005 Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/54 Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 10/20 Recycling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 30/84 Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49755 Separating one material from another
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49815 Disassembling
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/53278 Storage cell or battery

Abstract

A process for the disassembling of scrapped, i.e. worn out, damaged or in some other way unserviceable electrical storage batteries (10), in particular alkaline batteries, which consist of a prismatic cell container with sets of positive and negative plates, each secured to the next by means of a connecting strap, from which terminal posts project through a cover on the upper part of the cell container. After any free electrolyte has been emptied from the cell container, the materials making up the battery can be recovered.

This is done by removing the upper part of the cell container so as to produce an opening and by withdrawing the sets of plates (31) from the cell container through the opening by means of a mechanical device (20) at the same time as the container is gripped and held fast in a pre-determined position by means of clamping devices (33, 34). The sets of plates are then washed clean of any residual deposits and remaining electrolyte by means of a rinsing liquid (37), and independently mounted, moving, hook-shaped drawing devices (43, 44) are brought into engagement with the sets of negative plates (46) and with the sets of positive plates (45), whereupon the sets of plates are separated from each other (FIG. 2) by means of pneumatically or hydraulically powered devices (41, 42) fitted with moving hooks (43, 44) which engage with the connecting straps.

Claims

1. A process for the disassembling of scrapped, i.e. worn out, damaged or in some other way unserviceable electric storage batteries, in particular alkaline batteries, consisting of a prismatic cell container with sets of positive and negative plates, each secured to the next by means of a connecting strap, from which terminal posts project through a cover on the upper part of the cell container, for the purpose after having emptied any free electrolyte from the cell container of recovering the materials making up the battery, characterized by the following steps performed in sequence in a mechanized installation

(a) removing the upper part of the cell container with its terminal posts by sawing off the top of the container preferably immediately above the connecting straps which secure the sets of plates to each other, so as to produce an opening;

(b) withdrawing the sets of plates through said opening by means of a mechanical device at the same time as the container is gripped and held fast in a pre-determined position by means of clamping devices;

(c) washing the withdrawn sets of plates clean of any residual deposits and remaining electrolyte by means of a rinsing liquid;

(d) bringing into engagement respectively with the sets of negative plates and the sets of positive plates hook-shaped drawing devices, and

(e) moving the hook-shaped drawing devices apart to separate the sets of plates from each other.

2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (b) the sets of plates are withdrawn from the cell container and that in step (e) they are separated respectively by means of pneumatically or hydraulically powered devices.

3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates are withdrawn in step (b) by a drawing device having moving hooks which engage with the connecting straps.

4. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that

the cell container is emptied of its electrolyte in an inverted position before removing the upper part of the cell;

the upper part is removed with the cell container lying in a horizontal position;

the sets of plates are withdrawn with the container in an upright position;

the sets of plates which have been withdrawn are washed clean in an upright position;

the sets of plates are inverted; and

the hook-shaped drawing devices are engaged around the connecting straps of the sets of plates and capable of being moved away from each other.

5. A process according to claim 4, characterized in that, after the plates have been separated, the hook-shaped devices are moved apart from each other sufficiently to allow the positive and negative plates to be released from the hook-shaped devices to fall respectively into one of two containers intended to receive the respective sets of electrode plates.