Speech enhancement techniques

• US 4,468,804 A
• Filed: 02/26/1982
• Issued: 08/28/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 02/26/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Sundstrand Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Original Assignee: Signatron, Inc.
• Inventors: Kates, James M., Bussgang, Julian J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kemeny, E. S. Matt
• Application Number:
  US06/352,958
• Time in Patent Office: 914 Days
• Field of Search: 381/41-47, 364/513.5
• US Class Current: 704/265
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 21/02 Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation reducing echo effects in line transmission systems H04B3/20; echo suppression in hands-free telephones H04M9/08

Abstract

A method for processing a voiced speech waveform when the periods and amplitudes thereof may be non-uniform so that the intelligibility thereof is adversely affected. In accordance with such method successive portions of the speech waveform are processed so that each portion has a substantially uniform period and the intelligibility thereof is enhanced. In some instances the processing may be such as to provide in addition substantially uniform peak amplitudes in each processed portion. The voiced speech waveform enhancement technique may further be used in conjunction with methods for processing unvoiced speech waveforms so as to enhance the intelligibility thereof.

Claims

1. A method of processing a voiced speech waveform which is generally periodic, the periods and peak amplitudes of which may be non-uniform, said method comprising the steps of

processing said speech waveform so as to provide successive processed portions thereof, each portion having a substantially uniform period;

and

supplying said processed portions successively to provide an output speech waveform which is an effective reproduction of said input speech waveform, wherein the pitch fluctuations of the voiced sounds have been smoothed.

2. A method of processing an input speech waveform having voiced sounds comprising the steps of

processing successive portions of said voiced speech waveform by determining a representative period in each said portion;

and

forming successive processed portions from said successive portions each of which contains a periodic waveform having a substantially uniform period equal to the corresponding determined representative period and a substantially uniform peak amplitude, said successive processed portions thereby providing an output speech waveform, wherein the pitch and amplitude fluctuations of the voiced sounds have been smoothed.

3. A method of processing voices sounds in an input speech waveform comprising the steps of

(a) detecting the periodic or non-periodic nature of successive segments of said input speech waveform to determine whether a currently detected segment of said speech waveform comprises voiced or unvoiced sounds;

(b) detecting a selected sample period of each of said selected number of successive segments of said input speech waveform when said selected number of successive segments are all detected as comprising periodic voiced sounds; and

(c) adjusting the duration of each pitch period within said selected number of successive segments to be equal to said selected sample period.

4. A method of processing voiced sounds in an input speech waveform comprising the steps of

(a) detecting the periodic or non-periodic nature of successive segments of said input speech waveform to determine whether a currently detected segment of said speech waveform comprises voiced or unvoiced speech sounds;

(b) determining a selected sample period of each of said selected number of successive segments of said input speech waveform when said selected number of successive segments are all detected as comprising periodic voiced sounds;

(c) forming a representative period of voiced sounds; and

(d) producing a plurality of successive ones of said representative period equal to said selected number to provide a processed output speech portion, wherein the pitch and amplitude fluctuations of the voiced sounds have been smoothed.

5. A method of processsing voiced sounds in an input speech waveform according to claim 4 and further including the steps of

repeating steps (a), (b), (c) and (d) to provide a plurality of successive processed output speech portions representing an output speech waveform which is a processed form of said input speech waveform wherein the pitch and amplitude fluctuations of the voiced sounds have been smoothed.

6. A method in accordance with claims 4 or 5 wherein said selected sample period is the initial period of each said segment.

7. A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein the initial boundary of each segment is separated from the initial boundary of the preceding segment by said initial period, the speech waveform between the initial boundary of the first of said selected number of successive segments and the initial boundary of the last of said selected number of successive segments forming the portion of said input speech waveform to be processed.

8. A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein the initial boundary of the first of said selected number of successive segments is synchronized to a selected point in said segment.

9. A method in accordance with claim 8 wherein said selected point is the initial peak amplitude in said first segment.

10. A method in accordance with claim 8 wherein said selected point is the first zero crossing prior to the initial peak amplitude in said first segment.

11. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein the length of said segments is selected to be sufficiently long so as to include more than one voiced speech period when said segment contains voiced speech.

12. A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the length of said segments is selected to be about 30 milliseconds.

13. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein the time between the initial boundaries of successive segments which contain primarily unvoiced speech is selected to be smaller than the time between the initial boundaries of successive segments which contain primarily voiced speech.

14. A method in accordance with claim 13 wherein the time between the initial boundaries of successive segments which contain primarily unvoiced speech is selected to be about 1 to 10 milliseconds.