Axisymmetrical separator for separating particulate matter from a fluid carrying medium
First Claim
1. A separator adapted for separating particulate matter carried in a carrier gas, from the carrier gas, the separator comprising:
- a solid body incorporating an opening leading into a duct having a substantially straight longitudinal axis, adjacent to the opening the duct having walls defining a nozzle axisymmetrically arranged relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct, the nozzle walls positioned at an angle α
relative to the longitudinal axis for accelerating the carrier gas toward the longitudinal axis, the duct having adjacent to and downstream from the nozzle a curved portion, the walls of said curved portion being comprised by the body and being axisymmetrical relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct and having an effective radius of curvature R, an opening being disposed in the duct adjacent to the curved portion, the opening leading into a channel formed in the body, a minimum diameter of the duct between the nozzle and the opening adjacent to the curved portion being D*, the opening and the channel being axisymmetrical relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct, the channel forming an angle β
with said longitudinal axis as measured from the downstream side of the axis for receiving the substantial majority of the gas, an outlet portion of the duct being adjacent to said opening, the walls of said outlet portion being formed by the body and being axisymmetrical relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct, said outlet portion having a diameter D2, and terminating in a second opening in the body, the angle β
being at least 90° and
the sum of the angles α and
β
consisting of angle θ
wherein θ
is approximately between 120°
to 180°
, R is approximately between 0.04 to 0.20 inches, and D2 /D* is approximately between 1.085 to 1.52, whereby the gas and particulate matter are subjected to a certrifugal force by the walls of the curved portion and the channel which carries the majority of the particulate matter to flow along the longitudinal axis and into the outlet portion together with an appropriate amount of carrier gas.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A separator for separating particles carried in a fluid carrying medium is disclosed. The separator includes an elongated duct and associated openings incorporated in a solid body. The duct is axisymmetrical relative to its longitudinal axis, and includes a curved wall portion having a curved cross-section taken along the longitudinal axis. An axisymmetrical opening located downstream of the curved wall portion leads from the duct into an axisymmetrical channel which is substantially radially disposed relative to the longitudinal axis. Continuation of the duct downstream of the opening is a discharge portion which is substantially colinear with the longitudinal axis. In operation, a substantial majority of the fluid carrying medium leaves the duct radially through the opening and channel in a state substantially free of particles. A remaining small portion of the fluid carrying medium and a substantial majority of the particles are channelled into the discharge portion by centrifugal forces arising due to travel of the particles along the curved walls. For industrial scale separation of particles from a fluid carrying medium, such as for the clean-up of stack gases, an array of several hundred to several thousand of the separators is provided.
30 Citations
29 Claims
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1. A separator adapted for separating particulate matter carried in a carrier gas, from the carrier gas, the separator comprising:
a solid body incorporating an opening leading into a duct having a substantially straight longitudinal axis, adjacent to the opening the duct having walls defining a nozzle axisymmetrically arranged relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct, the nozzle walls positioned at an angle α
relative to the longitudinal axis for accelerating the carrier gas toward the longitudinal axis, the duct having adjacent to and downstream from the nozzle a curved portion, the walls of said curved portion being comprised by the body and being axisymmetrical relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct and having an effective radius of curvature R, an opening being disposed in the duct adjacent to the curved portion, the opening leading into a channel formed in the body, a minimum diameter of the duct between the nozzle and the opening adjacent to the curved portion being D*, the opening and the channel being axisymmetrical relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct, the channel forming an angle β
with said longitudinal axis as measured from the downstream side of the axis for receiving the substantial majority of the gas, an outlet portion of the duct being adjacent to said opening, the walls of said outlet portion being formed by the body and being axisymmetrical relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct, said outlet portion having a diameter D2, and terminating in a second opening in the body, the angle β
being at least 90° and
the sum of the angles α and
β
consisting of angle θ
wherein θ
is approximately between 120°
to 180°
, R is approximately between 0.04 to 0.20 inches, and D2 /D* is approximately between 1.085 to 1.52, whereby the gas and particulate matter are subjected to a certrifugal force by the walls of the curved portion and the channel which carries the majority of the particulate matter to flow along the longitudinal axis and into the outlet portion together with an appropriate amount of carrier gas.- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A system for separating particulate matter carried in a fluid-carrying medium, from the carrying medium, the system comprising an array of first collection elements, said elements being mounted parallel with one another for passing the carrying medium through the elements, each element comprising:
a solid body incorporating a first opening leading into a duct formed in the body, said first opening comprising an inlet to the duct, the body incorporating a second opening leading into the duct, the second opening comprising an outlet for the duct, the body incorporating a channel connected to the duct around the periphery thereof and having an outlet from the body, internal walls of body forming the duct and the channel, the duct having a substantially straight longitudinal axis, an inlet nozzle portion adjacent and downstream from the first opening, and a curved wall portion adjacent to the downstream of the inlet portion, the curved wall portion having a curved cross-section taken in the direction of the general longitudinal axis of the duct and joining the walls of the inlet nozzle portion with the adjacent walls of the channel to prevent turbulence of the medium and separation of the boundary layer as the medium flows through the inlet nozzle and into the channel, the channel being arranged so that medium entering the channel from a path parallel to the longitudinal axis will have a turning angle of greater than 90°
an outlet portion of the duct being disposed adjacent to and downstream of the channel, the outlet portion leading to the second opening, the inlet portion, the curved wall portion, the channel and the outlet portion all being axisymmetrical relative to the general longitudinal axis of the duct, whereby a substantial majority of the particulate matter carried in the fluid-carrying medium is forced to travel through the duct including the outlet portion of the duct and whereby a majority of the fluid-carrying medium exits from the duct through the channel in a state substantially free of particulate matter.- View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A system adapted for separating particulate matter carried in a carrier gas, from the carrier gas, the system comprising an array of separating elements mounted parallel relative to one another in the flow of the carrier gas, each element comprising:
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a solid body and axisymmetrical duct means incorporated in the solid body for accelerating the flow of the carrier gas toward the longitudinal axis to a maximum velocity within the range of approximately 0.04 to 0.02 Mach; axisymmetrical curved walls means adjacent to the duct means and downstream therefrom; axisymmetrical outlet means disposed in the solid body adjacent to the curved wall means and downstream therefrom for directing a majority of the carrier gas through a turning angle within approximately the range of 130°
to 165°
, whereby the curved wall means and the outlet means subject the carrier gas and the particulate matter to a centrifugal force which causes a majority of the particulate matter to flow in a substantially cylindrical path without rotation along the longitudinal axis of the duct means and the carrier gas in a state substantially free of particulate matter to escape from the duct means by flowing outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the duct means and into the outlet means; andaxisymmetrical discharge means disposed in the solid body adjacent to the outlet means and downstream therefrom for discharging the majority of a particulate matter and a minor portion of the carrier gas from the solid body, the duct means, curved wall means, outlet means and discharge means all being axisymmetrical relative to the longitudinal axis. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. In a separator for separating particulate matter from a fluid-carrying medium the combination comprising:
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a duct having a longitudinal axis and the following components arranged serially and axisymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis, an inlet nozzle for accelerating the medium toward the longitudinal axis, a curved wall section, an annular opening in the periphery of the duct and a particulate outlet portion; and means defining an outlet channel for the fluid-carrying medium connected to the annular opening, the outlet channel being disposed at an angle β
with respect to the longitudinal axis as measured from the downstream side of the axis, the angle β
being equal to or greater than 90°
, the curved wall section forming a smooth transition between the wall of the inlet nozzle and the adjacent outlet channel wall to prevent turbulence of the fluid-carrying medium and separation of the boundary layer as the medium flows from the inlet nozzle into the outlet channel;the inlet nozzle, being constructed and arranged to accelerate the flow of the fluid-carrying medium to a maximum velocity within the duct of between 0.04 and 1.0 Mach, whereby the fluid-carrying medium and the particulate matter carried therein is subjected to a centrifugal force as the medium is directed through the nozzle along the curved wall section and into the outlet channel to cause a substantial majority of the particulate matter to follow the longitudinal axis into the outlet portion of the duct while a substantial majority of the fluid-carrying medium is directed through the outlet channel. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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Specification