Emergency power system

• US 4,471,233 A
• Filed: 08/09/1982
• Issued: 09/11/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 08/09/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Emergency Power Engineering, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Emergency Power Engineering, Inc.
• Inventors: Roberts, Bradford P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hartary, Joseph W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): De Boer, Todd E.
• Application Number:
  US06/406,341
• Time in Patent Office: 764 Days
• Field of Search: 307/64-67, 307/43-46, 307/85-87, 361/82, 361/84, 365/201, 365/229
• US Class Current: 307/66
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/062 for AC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/066 characterised by the use of dynamo-electric machines H02J9/08 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/20 End-user application control systems

Abstract

A motor generator set that is used to provide clean, noise-free power to a load, such as a computer, is upgraded to a complete uninterruptible power supply by the addition of a logic controlled, battery powered inverter that is readily connected in the main power supply line to the motor generator. The emergency power inverter operates only when normal utility power fails, and employs the ability of the motor generator set to handle brief power outages to power the load for the brief time needed to decouple the main line power supply and couple the inverter to the motor generator. An oscillator that clocks trigger pulses for the inverter tracks motor voltage frequency and phase until power is supplied to the motor from the standby inverter. Switching to the emergency power inverter is accomplished by detecting both reverse power and zero current.

Claims

1. A power supply system for a load that may be susceptible to malfunction on occurrence of a power failure, said power supply comprising

a source of multi-phase line power,

power conditioning means connected between said line power source and the load for providing power to the load during normal availability of line power, and for continuing to provide power to the load in the presence of a short period line power failure,

a standby, off-line emergency power system including battery operated inverter means for providing multiphase power to said conditioning means, and

emergency control means responsive to failure of said line power for disconnecting said line power source from said conditioning means and connecting said inverter means to said conditioning means, whereby the conditioning means will continue to provide power to the load.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said power conditioning means comprises a motor generator set having a motor connected to be operated by said line power source during normal availability of line power or by said inverter upon failure of line power, said motor generator set including a generator for providing power to said load during both normal availability and failure of line power.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said emergency control means comprises

a set of normal contacts connected between said line power source and said conditioning means, said normal contacts being closed during supply of power from said source,

a set of emergency contacts connected between said inverter and said conditioning means, said emergency contacts being open during supply of power from said source, and

means responsive to failure of said line power source for opening said normal contacts and closing said emergency contacts.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 including means for holding said inverter means inactive during normal application of power from said source to said power conditioning means, and including means responsive to failure of said power source for initiating operation of said inverter.

5. An emergency power supply comprising

a multiphase power source,

a motor generator system connected to be driven by said power source and to provide power to a load during operation of said power source, and

a standby, normally inactive emergency power supply comprising

inverter means for generating multiphase power,

means for sensing failure of said power source,

control means responsive to said failure sensing means for holding said inverter in inactive condition during normal operation of said power source and for initiating operation of said inverter means in response to failure of said power source, and

means responsive to said control means for disconnecting said power source from said motor generator and for coupling said inverter means to said motor generator to drive said motor generator system from said inverter means upon failure of said power source.

6. The method of supplying power to a load to provide load isolation from power supply disturbances and to provide standby, off-line emergency power, said method comprising the steps of

supplying power to the load from a line power-driven motor generator while line power is available,

connecting a first switching device between line power and said motor generator,

connecting an auxiliary power-driven, multiphase inverter to said motor generator through a second switching device,

closing said first switching device and opening said second switching device to operate said motor generator from said line power and to disconnect said inverter from said motor generator during normal operation of said line power,

sensing failure of line power,

opening said first switching device and closing said second switching device upon sensing of failure of line power, thereby to disconnect said motor generator from said line power and to connect said inverter to said motor generator, and

continuing to supply power to the load from the line power-driven motor generator while said switching devices are being operated.

7. The method of claim 6 including the step of disabling operation of said inverter during supply of line power to said motor generator and initiating operation of said inverter when failure of said line power supply is sensed, and continuing to supply power to the load from the line power-driven motor generator while operation of said inverter is being initiated.