Temperature dependent duty cycler control system

• US 4,477,733 A
• Filed: 10/18/1982
• Issued: 10/16/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 10/18/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Honeywell Incorporated (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Honeywell Incorporated (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Inventors: Herdeman, James R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellinen, A. D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jennings, Derek
• Application Number:
  US06/434,992
• Time in Patent Office: 729 Days
• Field of Search: 307/35, 307/38, 307/39, 307/41, 364/505, 364/493, 364/483, 340/825.06, 340/825.11, 340/825.14
• US Class Current: 307/35
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 23/1913 delivering a series of pulses
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/14 The load or loads being home appliances
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

The device herein is a temperature dependent duty cycler control system which provides a duty cycle off time locus responsive to a sensed temperature, and is characterized by two selectable off time periods which are connected by slope controllable ramping functions. A method is disclosed for operating the system with several heating and/or cooling units involving making real time determinations of the most efficient average number of units which should be running at a given time and by maintaining a priority order of rotation of the units to be shed.

Claims

1. A method of duty cycle control for several heating and/or cooling units controllable by respective temperature sensors, comprising the steps of:

providing a temperature dependent duty cycle locus for each of said units characterized by a reference period and a variable length running time, said running time being complementary to a variable length shed time;

maintaining status records for each said unit of its running/shed condition and the expiration of its shed time;

periodically making first and second scanning passes of said status records;

during said first pass determining for each said unit whether it is running and if not whether its shed time has expired;

during said first pass starting said units having expired shed times;

summing shed time percentages based on the shed times of said units and said reference period to calculate an ideal number of said units which should be shed at a given time;

maintaining a sum having an initial value of zero of fractional portions of successively calculated ideal numbers of said units which should be shed;

maintaining a priority order of rotation of units available to be shed; and

during said second pass shedding units in accordance with said priority order of rotation, the number of units shed being equal to the integral portion of said ideal number plus the integral portion said sum of fractional portions of successively calculated ideal numbers.

2. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of:

during said first pass setting a timer with the running time of each of said units started during that pass, the running times being set in accordance with the respective duty cycle locii of the units started during the pass; and

preventing the shedding of any unit for which the running time set in its timer has not expired.

3. A method of duty cycle control for several heating and/or cooling units controllable by respective temperature sensors, comprising the steps of:

providing a temperature dependent duty cycle locus for each of said units characterized by a reference period and a variable length running time, said running time being complementary to a variable length shed time;

maintaining status records for each said unit of its running/shed condition and the expiration of its shed time;

periodically scanning said status records to determine for each said unit whether it is running and if not whether its shed time has expired;

starting said units which are shed and have expired shed times;

determining a shed time percentage for each of said units based its shed time and the reference period;

summing the shed time percentages of said units to calculate an ideal number of said units which should be shed at a given time;

maintaining a sum having an initial value of zero of fractional portions of successively calculated ideal numbers of said units which should be shed;

maintaining a priority order of rotation of units available to be shed; and

shedding units in accordance with said priority order of rotation, the number of units shed being equal to the integral portion of said ideal number plus the integral portion of said sum of fractional portions of successively calculated ideal numbers.

4. The method of claim 3 including the steps of:

turning off selected ones of said units at predetermined times determined by the time of day; and

preventing said selected ones of said units during their off conditions from affecting the step of summing the shed time percentages to calculate said ideal number.

5. The method of claim 3 including the steps of:

monitoring the rate of power consumption by said units;

turning off said units as necessary according to a predetermined pattern to maintain the level of power consumption no higher than a predetermined level; and

maintaining said status records to indicate shed conditions for said units which are turned off.

6. The method of claim 5 including the steps of:

determining the running time of each of said units when starting the units, the running times being determined in accordance with the respective duty cycle locii of the units;

determining the minimum safe running time for each said unit; and

setting a timer for each of said units with a time equal to the smallest of the running time determined in accordance with the duty cycle locus for the unit and its minimum safe running time.

7. The method claim 3 including the steps of:

determining prior to shedding of units whether a start-up condition exists; and

if a start-up condition exists, incrementally limiting the number of said units that may be shed time-wise to avoid hunting.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said start-up condition exists when said system is initially energized.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein said start-up condition exists when the level of power consumption is at least equal to said predetermined level.