Ionizable reducing and oxidizing gaseous supply means and process for catalytic barriers and electrodes

• US 4,478,696 A
• Filed: 07/21/1982
• Issued: 10/23/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 07/21/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: WALTER JUDA AND Walter Juda Associates, Inc./OR WALTER JUDA ASSOCIATES
• Original Assignee: Prototech AS
• Inventors: Allen, Robert J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Andrews, R. L.
• Application Number:
  US06/400,254
• Time in Patent Office: 825 Days
• Field of Search: 204/106-109, 204/105 R, 204/265, 204/258, 204/256, 429/40-42
• US Class Current: 205/566
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 11/00 Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 15/08 Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: C25C 1/00 Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions C25C5/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C25C 1/20 of noble metals
• CPC Class Codes: C25C 7/06 Operating or servicing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/86 Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/00 Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/129 Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

This disclosure is concerned with the application of reducing or oxidizing gases, for use in electrochemical cells and the like embodying catalytic electrodes or barriers, at edge regions of such electrodes or barriers external to the cell electrolyte and the portions of electrodes or barriers contacting the electrolyte.

Claims

1. A process for introducing ionizable reducing and oxidizing gases into an electrochemical cell and the like having an electrolyte, that comprises, introducing a main portion of a catalytic electrode or barrier of gas permeable material into the electrolyte with a rim portion of the material external to the electrolyte in a chamber isolated from the electrolyte, the gas permeable material having a thickness that is small relative to its other dimensions, and flowing said gas in said chamber along said rim portion and then diffusing the gas in said gas permeable material from the rim portion to the main portion along paths that are perpendicular to the thickness of the material.

2. A process for introducing hydrogen into an electrochemical cell having an electrolyte, that comprises, introducing a main portion of a catalytic electrode or barrier of gas permeable material into the electrolyte with a rim portion of the material external to the electrolyte in a chamber isolated from the electrolyte, the gas permeable material having a thickness that is small relative to its other dimensions, and flowing hydrogen gas in said chamber along said rim portion and then diffusing the gas in said material from the rim portion to the main portion along paths that are perpendicular to the thickness of the material.

4. A process as claimed in claim 2 in which a catalytic barrier is employed and the electrolyte is a metal ion aqueous electrolyte solution, and in which the hydrogen gas induces hydrogen reduction and deposition of the metal upon said barrier.

5. A process as claimed in claim 4 and in which the cell operates without an external electrical circuit.

3. A process for introducing gaseous oxidant into an electrochemical cell having an electrolyte, that comprises, introducing a main portion of a catalytic electrode or barrier of gas permeable material into the electrolyte with a rim portion of the material external to the electrolyte in a chamber isolated from the electrolyte, the gas permeable material having a thickness that is small relative to its other dimensions, and flowing gaseous oxidant in said chamber along said rim portion and then diffusing the gaseous oxidant in said material from the rim portion to the main portion along paths that are perpendicular to the thickness of the material.

6. In electrochemical cell apparatus and the like including an electrolyte and operating with a gas-reducing or oxidizing catalytic electrode or barrier of gas permeable material having a thickness that is small relative to its other dimensions, means for disposing a main portion of said material within said electrolyte and a rim portion of said material external to the electrolyte in a chamber isolated from the electrolyte, and means for flowing gas in said chamber along said rim portion and diffusing the gas in said material from the rim portion to the main portion along paths that are perpendicular to the thickness of the material.

7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 and in which the last-mentioned means comprises means for supplying hydrogen.

8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 and in which the last-mentioned means comprises means for supplying oxygen or air.

9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7 and in which said electrolyte comprises metal ion aqueous electrolyte solution and said gas permeable material constitutes a hydrogen-gas-catalytic barrier, with the hydrogen flowing along said rim portion inducing hydrogen reduction and deposition of the metal upon said barrier.

10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9 and in which said electrolyte is an aqueous copper solution.

11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9 and in which said electrolyte is an aqueous noble metal ion solution.