Method of transmitting information between stations attached to a _unidirectional transmission ring

• US 4,482,999 A
• Filed: 12/01/1981
• Issued: 11/13/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 12/08/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Janson, Philippe A., Mueller, Hans R., Sze, Daniel T. W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chin, Wellington
• Application Number:
  US06/326,291
• Time in Patent Office: 1,078 Days
• Field of Search: 370/60, 370/86, 370/92, 370/94, 370/61
• US Class Current: 370/452
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/433 with asynchronous transmission, e.g. token ring, register insertion
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/64 Hybrid switching systems

Abstract

In a ring communication system comprising several stations, access to the ring is granted to one station at a time by a circulating token indication. A method is provided guaranteeing a transmission opportunity for synchronous or circuit-switched data in periodic time intervals to authorized stations. A CS monitor station issues a frame header which is marked in a specific bit position to allow only authorized stations to transmit their synchronous data together with a destination address. In a first embodiment, a single frame comprises a plurality of slots each having a free/busy indication, a destination address field and a field for synchronous data, and each authorized station can occupy one such slot. In a second embodiment, a marked frame can be used by only one authorized station for transmitting synchronous data, but a new marked frame header is reissued until all authorized stations around the ring have transmitted synchronous data.

Claims

1. Method of transmitting information between stations attached to a unidirectional transmission ring, access to the ring for sending addressed information being given to stations, without frame synchronization, by a circulating frame header and a token indication, characterized in that for allowing both non-periodic transmission of asynchronously furnished data packets as well as periodic transmission of synchronously furnished data blocks:

a particularly marked frame header for circuit-switched transmission is released as CS frame header by a CS monitor station in periodic intervals,

a CS frame header and a free token indication enable only previously authorized stations to send a block of synchronous data,

a non-marked frame header with a free token indication, enabling any station to transmit directly over the said unidirectional transmission ring a packet of asynchronous data of arbitrary length is released by the CS monitor station as PS frame header after all blocks of synchronous data due to be sent within a periodic interval from authorized stations were transmitted.

2. Method in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that

each CS frame header is followed by a given number of uniform CS slots, each CS slot comprising a token indication, an address field, and a data block field,

the given number corresponds to the number of currently authorized stations,

each authorized station seizes the first CS slot having a free token indication, converts it to non-token, and inserts the destination address and its data block into the respective fields,

the CS monitor station releases a PS frame header with a free token indication to the ring after it received and retransmitted the CS frame including the given number of CS slots.

3. Method in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that

in each frame header a particular CS priority indicator is provided;

the CS monitor station generates a CS interval time signal pulse in regular intervals, and sets the priority indicator in each first PS frame header that passes the station after a CS interval time signal pulse;

any station, when it had access to the ring and transmitted an asynchronous data packet, issues a new non-marked PS frame header with free token indication after receiving back a PS frame header in which the CS priority indicator was not set, but issues no new frame header and transmits only idling characters after receiving back a PS frame header in which the CS priority indicator was set.

4. Method in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that

if a CS frame header is received back the first time by the CS monitor station before it transmitted an end delimiter for the same CS frame, the CS frame header and the contents of the following CS slots is buffered in the CS monitor station,

the frame header, followed by CS slots, are released from the buffer to the ring for a second round after first transmission of the frame'"'"'s end delimiter;

and

a new PS header with free token indication is released by the CS monitor unit when it transmitted the CS frame including an end delimiter a second time.

5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the CS interval time is an integer multiple of the period of the synchronous data to be transmitted, such that each CS data block contains a plurality of successive samples of the synchronous information.

6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that

the CS monitor station keeps a first number N(max) representing the maximum allowed number of authorized stations, and keeps a second number N(aut) representing the number of currently authorized stations;

any station that wants to transmit synchronous data in CS frames sends an authorization request to the CS monitor station;

the CS monitor station, for each received request, and if the second number is still less than the first number, sends an authorization grant message to the respective requesting station and updates the second number accordingly; and

authorized stations utilize the transmission capacity in the regularly issued CS frames without any involvement of the CS monitor station.

7. Method of exchanging asynchronous data packets as well as synchronous data blocks in frames between stations attached to a unidirectional transmission ring, which includes for each said station the steps of:

recognizing a circulating frame header, testing a first control bit (TK) in said header, and setting said first control bit to a first binary value (1) if the station has an asynchronous data packet to be transmitted, and

transmitting said data packet if said first control bit had a second binary value (0), and releasing a new frame header including a first control bit having said given first binary value;

characterized by the following additional steps;

in each said station testing a second control bit (P1) in said frame header, and preventing issuance of a new frame header after transmission of said data packet if said second control bit had a first binary value (1); and

in a particular circuit-switch monitor station;

issuing a timing signal at periodic intervals,

setting said second control bit to said first binary value in the next frame header received after each said periodic timing signal, and

issuing a frame header in which a third control bit (CS) is set to a first binary value (1) after receiving a frame end delimiter.

8. A method of operating a serial data transmission ring which includes a plurality of stations operating at different class of service levels connected in series circuit with each other to form an endless series circuit ring in which data messages emanating from one station traverse the ring and are received in sequence by all of the stations on the ring including the originating station after the data message has passed through all of the other stations said method comprising the steps of:

generating a message frame which includes a header section having a first indicia (CS) for indicating more than one class of service level, a second indicia (P) for indicating more than one priority or reservation level and a third token indicia (TK) for indicating the state of occupancy of the frame said third token indicia being set at the time of generation to indicate availability of the frame said class of service indicia being set to a predetermined level and said priority or reservation indicia being set to a level corresponding to the predetermined class of service level,

at a station requiring transmission capacity examining the header to determine the state of the class of service indicia creating a changed header by and the token indicia, changing the token indicia state, if available, to a not available state when the class of service level indicated by the said first indicia corresponds to the stations class and following the transmission of the said changed header transmitting a data message of variable length, at the said station examining the data received from the serial ring circuit for receipt of the header previously transmitted which has traversed all of the ring stations and issuing a frame header including a free token indicia if the priority or reservation indicia and the class of service indicia correspond.

9. The method set forth in claim 8 in which a station which has converted a token indicia from an available state to a non-available state removes from the ring circuit all of the data information inserted by that station and substitutes therefor synchronization signal elements.

10. The method set forth in claim 8 in which the header includes a fourth indicia (MC) which has at least two states and is placed in its first state by a station which has converted a token indicia from the available state to the unavailable state;

and

at one predetermined station, changing the fourth indicia from the first state to the second state and removing any received frame from the ring which has, as received, a fourth indicia in the said second state and generating and transmitting a message frame including a header having a token indicia in an available state.

11. The method set forth in claim 8 in which a predetermined station receiving a frame header section in which the class of service indicia and the priority or reservation indicia do not correspond issues a frame header having a class of service indicia corresponding to the received priority or reservation indicia and a priority or reservation indicia corresponding to the above said predetermined class of service indicia.