Blood gas concentration control apparatus and method
First Claim
1. An apparatus for regulating the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolved in blood in an extracorporeal blood circuit, said apparatus comprising:
- means for collecting blood from a patient for extracorporeal treatment;
means for monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood prior to extracorporeal treatment;
means for oxygenating the blood;
means for adjusting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood;
means for monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood after extracorporeal treatment; and
means for returning the blood to the patient after extracorporeal treatment.
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Abstract
Novel methods and apparatus are provided for regulating the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass. According to the invention, probes capable of measuring the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood are provided in the venous and arterial lines, both probes measuring the blood gas levels at the ambient temperature of the blood in the extracorporeal blood circuit. These concentrations are monitored on a real-time basis by a processor unit which compares the values reported by the arterial probe with selected values chosen by the perfusionist. The processor unit then preferably controls the gas flow to the oxygenator portion of the perfusion system so that the treated blood maintains the chosen concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide. In other embodiments, the probes are adapted to measure other perfusion variables, including temperature, hematocrit, blood flow rate, and pH, thus allowing further automation by the processor unit.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. An apparatus for regulating the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolved in blood in an extracorporeal blood circuit, said apparatus comprising:
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means for collecting blood from a patient for extracorporeal treatment; means for monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood prior to extracorporeal treatment; means for oxygenating the blood; means for adjusting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood; means for monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood after extracorporeal treatment; and means for returning the blood to the patient after extracorporeal treatment. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. An apparatus for regulating the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood in an extracorporeal blood circuit, said apparatus comprising:
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means for monitoring the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood collected for extracorporeal treatment, said monitoring being accomplished at the temperature of the blood in the extracorporeal blood circuit; means for extracorporeally treating the blood collected from the patient, said treatment means including means for adjusting the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood; means for monitoring the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood after treatment said monitoring being accomplished at the temperature of the blood in the extracorporeal blood circuit; and means for controlling the treatment means, said control means including means for comparing the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the treated blood as measured by the post-treatment monitor means with optimum concentrations therefor, and means for bringing the measured values into conformity with the optimum concentrations. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A method for regulating the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolved in blood in an extracorporeal blood circuit, the method comprising the steps of:
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collecting blood from a patient for extracorporeal treatment; monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood prior to extracorporeal treatment; oxygenating the blood; adjusting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood; monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood after extracorporeal treatment; and returning the blood to the patient after extracorporeal treatment. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method for regulating the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood in an extracorporeal blood circuit, the method comprising the steps of:
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monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood collected from a patient for extracorporeal treatment; monitoring in the extracorporeal blood circuit the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood after extracorporeal treatment; determining optimum concentrations for oxygen and carbon dioxide in treated blood based upon the concentrations thereof in the pre-treated and post-treated blood; comparing the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the post-treated blood with the optimum concentrations; and adjusting the amount of oxygen added to and the amount of carbon dioxide removed from the blood during treatment so as to maintain the optimum concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood being returned to the patient. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
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Specification