Impingement cooling apparatus for heat liberating device

• US 4,494,171 A
• Filed: 08/24/1982
• Issued: 01/15/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 08/24/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sundstrand Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Sundstrand Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Niggemann, Richard E., Bland, Timothy J.
• Primary Examiner(s): TOLIN, GERALD P
• Application Number:
  US06/411,059
• Time in Patent Office: 875 Days
• Field of Search: 357/82, 165/DIG. 11, 165/109 R, 174/15 R, 174/16 HS, 361/381-388
• US Class Current: 361/704
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 3/086 having one or more openings therein forming tubular heat-exchange passages
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/473 by flowing liquids H01L23/4332, H01L23/4338 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 165/908 Fluid jets

Abstract

The present invention relates to an impingement cooling apparatus for use in the removal of heat from a heat liberating device. The apparatus includes a housing on which the device is secured and a stack of plates fitted within the housing. One of the plates is an impingement orifice plate adjacent the housing where the device is located. The orifice plate has a region that is characterized by coolant flow impingement orifices passing therethrough. The orifice plate also has a coolant drainage return adjacent the impingement orifice region.

Claims

1. An impingement cooling apparatus including a heat liberating device, the impingement cooling apparatus including in combination:

a housing having an end of said housing in intimate contact with said device,

a stack of plates fitted within and parallel to said housing end, one of said plates being an impingement orifice plate adjacent said end of said housing where said device is located, said orifice plate having impingement orifice regions characterized by coolant flow impingement orifices passing therethrough, said orifice plate having coolant drainage return means adjacent said impingement orifice regions,

the remaining plates positioned adjacent said orifice plate and between said orifice plate and a coolant inlet means and a drainage means, each of said plates having at least one opening therethrough, each said opening cooperating with the opening on an adjacent plate to form an inlet channel means between said coolant inlet means and said orifice plate to thereby allow the establishment of a coolant flow path to said orifice plate to thereby supply coolant through said orifice to impinge at right angles upon said end of said housing to provide impingement cooling of said heat liberating device,

said coolant being returned via said coolant drainage return means adjacent said impingement orifice regions and a return channel means from said orifice plate to said drainage means whereby a drainage flow path is established such that coolant after impinging upon said end of said housing passes back past said stack of plates to said drainage means and is free from cross-flow with said coolant flow path delivered through said inlet channel means to said impingement plate to thereby provide maximum heat transfer from said device to said coolant.

2. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 1 wherein said housing is hermetically sealed.

3. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 2 wherein said housing is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity.

4. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 3 wherein said device is a high power electronic device.

5. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 4 wherein said inlet and drainage means are both tubes.

6. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 5 wherein said opening in said plate is of a slotted configuration.

7. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 6 wherein said coolant drainage return means is formed by the cooperation of a portion of said stack of plates and said housing.

8. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 1 wherein one of said remaining plates is another impingement orifice plate, said other impingement orifice plate having impingement orifice regions characterized by coolant flow impingement orifices passing therethrough,

said orifices of said other impingement orifice plate being in a non-aligned relationship to said orifices of said one impingement orifice plate,

said other impingement orifice plate having coolant drainage return means adjacent said impingement orifice regions.

9. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 8 wherein said coolant drainage return means is formed by the cooperation of a portion of said stack of plates and said housing.

10. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 8 wherein said coolant drainage return means of said one and said other impingement orifice plates are integral therewith.

11. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 9 wherein there is included a spacer plate disposed between said impingement orifice plates, said spacer plate having opening therethrough cooperatively disposed to allow coolant to pass freely from the impingement orifice regions of said other impingement orifice plate to said impingement orifice regions of said one impingement orifice plate,

said spacer plate cooperates with said housing to provide a drainage opening which is cooperatively disposed to allow coolant to be returned through said coolant drainage return means adjacent impingement orifice regions and said drainage opening.

12. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 11 wherein said spacer plate has spacer plate heat conduction zones, said spacer plate heat conduction zones providing a heat conduction path from one side of said spacer plate to another side of said spacer plate.

13. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 12 wherein said end of said housing has internally disposed raised portions which physically cooperate with an impingement plate heat conduction zone of said one impingement orifice plate.

14. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 13 wherein each of said impingement orifice plates has impingement plate heat conduction zones between said impingement orifice regions, said impingement plate heat conduction zones being in alignment with said raised portions of said end of said housing and said spacer plate heat conduction zones,

at least one of said raised portions of said housing being thermally coupled to one of said impingement plate heat conduction zones to thereby allow heat paths to be developed from said housing end through said raised portions, said impingement plate heat conduction zones and said spacer plate heat conduction zones whereby heat liberated by said device is removed by the impingement of said coolant on said one impingement orifice plate and by impingement of said coolant upon said housing end.

15. An impingement cooling apparatus including a heat liberating device, the impingement cooling apparatus including in combination:

a heat transmitting means positioned between said heat liberating device and a first impingement orifice means,

said first impingement orifice means positioned in a plane parallel to said heat transmitting means and having an orifice passing therethrough, said first impingement orifice means being thermally, mutually coupled to said heat transmitting means and a second impingement orifice means,

said first impingement orifice means having portions thereof spaced apart from said heat transmitting means and said second impingement orifice means to thereby cause heat liberated from said device to be conducted through said heat transmitting means to said first and second impingement orifice means,

said second impingement orifice means having an orifice therethrough that is in non-aligned relationship with said orifice of said first impingement means,

means to deliver coolant in a path to and through said orifice of said second impingement means at a right angle to said first impingement means and thereafter to and through said orifice of said first impingement means whereupon said coolant impinges at a right angle to and upon said heat transmitting means,

drainage means coupled to said heat transmitting means and said first and second impingement orifice means to thereby provide an isolated coolant return path of coolant that has come in impinging contact with said heat conducted from said device via said heat transmitting means and said first impingement orifice means, said coolant return path located such that said coolant passes back past said first and second impingement orifice means and is free from cross-flow with said coolant delivery path to thereby provide maximum heat transfer from said device to said coolant.

16. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 15 wherein said heat transmitting means is a housing that has an end thereof in intimate contact with said device.

17. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 16 wherein said first and second impingement orifice means each have plate like configuration.

18. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 17 includes in combination a spacer plate positioned between said first and second impingement orifice means plate.

19. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 18 wherein said spacer plate and said first and second impingement orifice means plates are in a stacked arrangement and fitted within said housing.

20. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 19 wherein said first and second impingement orifice means plates each have integral therewith coolant drainage return means adjacent respectively said orifice of said first impingement orifice means plate and said orifice of said second impingement orifice means plate.

21. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 20 wherein said spacer plate has first and second openings therethrough such that coolant which passes through said orifice of said second impingement orifice means plate passes through said first opening of said spacer plate, and said second opening is disposed adjacent said coolant drainage return means of said first and second impingement orifice means plates.

22. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 21 wherein said housing is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity.

23. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 22 wherein said device is a high power electronic device.

24. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 23 wherein said spacer plate has spacer plate heat conduction zones between said openings, said spacer plate heat conduction zones providing a heat conduction path from one side of said spacer plate to another side of said spacer plate.

25. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 24 wherein said end of said housing has internally disposed raised portions which physically cooperate with an impingement plate heat conduction zone of said first impingement orifice means plate.

26. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 25 wherein each of said impingement orifice means plates has impingement plate heat conduction zones between said orifices, said impingement plate heat conduction zones in alignment with said raised portions of said end of said housing and said spacer plate heat conduction zones,

at least one of said raised portions thermally coupled to one of said impingement plate heat conduction zones to thereby allow heat paths to be developed from said housing end through said raised portions, said impingement plate heat conduction zones and said spacer plate heat conduction zones whereby heat liberated by said device is removed by the impingement of said coolant on at least one of said impingement orifice plates and by impingement of said coolant upon said housing end.

27. An impingement cooling apparatus including a heat liberating device, said apparatus including in combination:

a stacked series of heat transfer surface fins, thermally coupled by conduction means to said device at one end of said stacked series of fins, each of said fins having an orifice passing therethrough, said fin orifices each being in non-alignment with the orifice of an adjacent fin,

means to provide coolant to and through said fin orifices in a direction towards said device to thereby cause said coolant passing through said orifices to impinge upon the next fin encountered in the direction of coolant flow and finally upon said conduction means,

said coolant being returned via a coolant drainage return means adjacent said stacked series of heat transfer surface fins and a return channel means from said conduction means to said drainage means whereby a drainage flow path is established such that coolant after impinging upon said conduction means passes back past said stack of plates to said drainage means and is free from cross-flow with said coolant flow path delivered through said inlet channel means to said impingement plate to thereby provide maximum heat transfer from said device to said coolant.

28. The cooling apparatus of claim 27 which includes in combination a thermally conductive housing which surrounds said stacked series of heat transfer surface fins, said housing having an internal end in intimate contact with an end of said stacked fins to provide said conduction means, said device being secured externally of said housing to the same end of said housing as that which said axially stacked fins make said intimate contact.

29. An impingement cooling apparatus including a heat liberating device which includes in combination:

a primary heat transmitting means having a surface in a plane, said heat transmitting means respectively coupled to said device and a heat transfer surface means having a plurality of surface means disposed in planes parallel to said heat transmitting means wherein a source of coolant is delivered in a path to said surface means in the form of impinging jets by way of arrays of submerged fluid jets which flow onto said surface means and through orifice means within said surface means, and finally at right angles upon said heat transmitting means,

said coolant being returned via a coolant drainage return means adjacent said plurality of heat transfer surface means and a return channel means from said orifice plate to said drainage means whereby a drainage flow path is established such that coolant after impinging upon said heat transmitting means passes back past said plurality of heat transfer surface means to said drainage means and is free from cross-flow with said coolant flow path delivered through said arrays of submerged fluid jets to said heat transmitting means to thereby provide maximum heat transfer from said device to said coolant.

30. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 29 wherein said plurality of surface means is comprised of axially stacked fins each of which is spaced apart by a heat conducting material, each of said fins having said orifice means integral therewith to thereby allow passage of coolant through said fin,

an end of said axial stacked fins physically coupled to said primary heat transmitting means.

31. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 30 wherein said arrays of submerged jets are created by said orifices in said fins by the supply of coolant under pressure from said source through said orifices in said fins, whereupon said coolant impinges upon a subsequent fin thereby producing high heat transfer coeficients between said coolant and said fins.

32. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 31 wherein said orifice in any given fin is in a non-aligned relationship to an orifice in an adjacent fin in the direction the coolant is being delivered.

33. The impingement cooling apparatus of claim 32 wherein said surface means are formed of a plurality of parallel surfaces.