Integrated oscillator-duplexer-mixer
First Claim
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1. Integrated oscillator-duplexer-mixer apparatus for use in sensing motion of adjacent objects by use of Doppler-shifted, reflected radiation, the apparatus comprising:
- a grounded, metal body having a front face and a first cylindrical cavity, closed at the cavity front and rear end, with cylinder axis substantially perpendicular to the front face of the body, with the front end of the cavity terminating adjacent to the front face of the body and with the rear end of the cavity terminating within the body;
the body having a second cylindrical cavity, at the side of and adjacent to, and having a cylindrical axis substantially parallel to the axis of, the first cylindrical cavity, with the front end of the second cavity being open and terminating on the front face of the body and the rear end of the second cavity terminating within the body;
the body having a third substantially cylindrical cavity, communicating with the first cylindrical cavity and with the second cylindrical cavity and the interior of the body, having a cylindrical axis that is substantially parallel to the front face of the body and having a cylindrical diameter that is no more than 25% of the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity, with the third cavity cylinder axis being positioned substantially equidistant from the rear end and the front end of the first cylindrical cavity;
microwave generating means, positioned adjacent to the rear end of and in electromagnetic communication with the first cylindrical cavity, for generating electromagnetic vibrations of a predetermined frequency ω
O within the first cylindrical cavity;
the body having a cylindrical, mixer slot cavity, positioned adjacent to and in communication with the second cylindrical cavity, with a cylindrical axis that is substantially perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the second and third cylindrical cavities;
a mixer diode, positioned in the mixer slot cavity and oriented to sense electromagnetic vibration signals propagating within the slot cavity, for sensing the presence of two or more distinct electromagnetic vibration signals and for forming the product signal of such distinct signals;
low pass filter means, electrically connected to the mixer diode, for receiving the mixer diode product signal and allowing the passage only of product signals with resulting frequencies less than some predetermined threshold frequency, ω
T ≦
2×
108 rad/sec, in response to receipt of an electromagnetic vibration signal of arbitrary frequency components from the mixer diode; and
horn means mechanically attached to the body and communicating with the second cylindrical cavity at the open front end of the cavity, for limiting the direction of radiation emitted from or received by the cavity.
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Abstract
Combined microwave oscillator, duplexer and mixer apparatus for sensing motion of adjacent objects through use of Doppler-shifted electromagnetic radiation reflections from the objects, with second order and higher even order harmonic emissions being suppressed by modification of the oscillator apparatus.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. Integrated oscillator-duplexer-mixer apparatus for use in sensing motion of adjacent objects by use of Doppler-shifted, reflected radiation, the apparatus comprising:
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a grounded, metal body having a front face and a first cylindrical cavity, closed at the cavity front and rear end, with cylinder axis substantially perpendicular to the front face of the body, with the front end of the cavity terminating adjacent to the front face of the body and with the rear end of the cavity terminating within the body; the body having a second cylindrical cavity, at the side of and adjacent to, and having a cylindrical axis substantially parallel to the axis of, the first cylindrical cavity, with the front end of the second cavity being open and terminating on the front face of the body and the rear end of the second cavity terminating within the body; the body having a third substantially cylindrical cavity, communicating with the first cylindrical cavity and with the second cylindrical cavity and the interior of the body, having a cylindrical axis that is substantially parallel to the front face of the body and having a cylindrical diameter that is no more than 25% of the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity, with the third cavity cylinder axis being positioned substantially equidistant from the rear end and the front end of the first cylindrical cavity; microwave generating means, positioned adjacent to the rear end of and in electromagnetic communication with the first cylindrical cavity, for generating electromagnetic vibrations of a predetermined frequency ω
O within the first cylindrical cavity;the body having a cylindrical, mixer slot cavity, positioned adjacent to and in communication with the second cylindrical cavity, with a cylindrical axis that is substantially perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the second and third cylindrical cavities; a mixer diode, positioned in the mixer slot cavity and oriented to sense electromagnetic vibration signals propagating within the slot cavity, for sensing the presence of two or more distinct electromagnetic vibration signals and for forming the product signal of such distinct signals; low pass filter means, electrically connected to the mixer diode, for receiving the mixer diode product signal and allowing the passage only of product signals with resulting frequencies less than some predetermined threshold frequency, ω
T ≦
2×
108 rad/sec, in response to receipt of an electromagnetic vibration signal of arbitrary frequency components from the mixer diode; and
horn means mechanically attached to the body and communicating with the second cylindrical cavity at the open front end of the cavity, for limiting the direction of radiation emitted from or received by the cavity. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. Integrated oscillator-duplexer-mixer apparatus for sensing the distance of an object or for frequency or phase modulated two-way communication, the apparatus comprising:
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a grounded, metal body having a front face and a first cylindrical cavity closed at the cavity front and rear ends, with cylinder axis substantially perpendicular to the front face of the body, with the front end of the cavity terminating on or adjacent to the front face of the body and the rear end of the cavity terminating within the body; the body having a second cylindrical cavity at the side of and adjacent to, and having a cylinder axis substantially parallel to the axis of, the first cylindrical cavity, with the front end of the second cavity being open and terminating on the front face of the body and the rear end of the second cavity terminating within the body; the body having a third substantially cylindrical cavity, communicating with the first and second cylindrical cavities in the interior of the body, having a cylinder axis that is substantially parallel to the front face of body, and having a cylinder diameter that is no more than 25% of the first cylindrical cavity, with the third cavity cylinder axis being positioned substantially equidistant from the rear end and the front end of the first cylindrical cavity; microwave generating means, positioned adjacent to the rear end of and in electromagnetic communication with, the first cylindrical cavity, for generating electromagnetic vibrations of predetermined frequency ω
O within the first cylindrical cavity;the body having a cylindrical mixer slot cavity, positioned adjacent to and in communication with the second cylindrical cavity, with a cylinder axis that is substantially perpendicular to the cylinder axes of the second and third cylindrical cavities; a mixer diode, positioned in the mixer slot cavity, and oriented to sense electromagnetic vibration signals propagating within the slot cavity, for sensing the presence of two or more distinct electromagnetic vibration signals and for forming the product signal of such distinct signals; low pass filter means, electrically connected to the mixer diode, for receiving the mixer diode product signal and allowing the passage only of product signals with resulting frequencies less than some predetermined threshold frequencies, ω
T ≦
2π
×
108 rd/sec, in response to receipt of n electromagnetic vibration signal of arbitrary frequency components from the mixer diode;horn means, mechanically attached to the body and communicating with the second cylindrical cavity at the front end of the cavity, for limiting the direction of radiation emitted from or received by the cavity; and resonant cavity frequency dynamic variation means, electromagnetically communicating with the first cylindrical cavity, for varying the predetermined frequency ω
O associated with the cavity in a controlled, time-varying manner. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification