Inductively-coupled signalling system

• US 4,500,881 A
• Filed: 09/23/1982
• Issued: 02/19/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Liquidometer Corporation
• Original Assignee: Liquidometer Corporation
• Inventors: Beane, Michael J.
• Primary Examiner(s): YUSKO, DONALD
• Application Number:
  US06/422,366
• Time in Patent Office: 880 Days
• Field of Search: 340/825.73, 340/825.54, 340/825.06, 340/52 F, 340/532, 340/825.74, 340/825.76, 340/870.31, 339/12 R, 307/10 R
• US Class Current: 340/13.26
• CPC Class Codes: B67D 7/348 by interrogating an information transmitter, e.g. a transponder B67D7/145 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/266 One coil at each side, e.g. with primary and secondary coils

Abstract

An inductively-coupled signalling system having multiple waveforms, for exchanging information between a vehicle and a storage facility, said system including a safety, separable signal-coupling device comprising a signal-transmitting coil carried in a housing and disposed at an accessible location at or on the vehicle, and a signal-receiving coil carried by a cable having a second housing, said cable leading to a signal-receiving and deciphering means located at the storage facility. The two housings of the coupling device are adapted for juxtaposition to each other so as to locate the coils thereof in inductive relation. A magnetic keeper part on one of the housings and a magnet part on the other housing releasably retain the housings in operative relation when the coupling device is in use. The receiving coil housing constitutes almost a complete magnetic shield for the receiving coil so as to minimize stray pick-up of spurious signals. In addition, the magnet and keeper parts are force-release responsive so as to permit virtually instantaneous non-destructive separation of the housings in the event that the vehicle is inadvertently driven off while the housings are still operatively coupled.

Claims

1. In a safety signalling system for exchanging information between a vehicle and a storage facility, a separable, signal-coupling device comprising in combination:

(a) a signal transmitting coil,

(b) means including a housing, for mounting said transmitting coil at an accessible location on the vehicle,

(c) a signal receiving coil and a housing surrounding the same, said housings being adapted for operative juxtaposition to each other so as to locate the said coils in inductive relation,

(d) mutually attractive holding means on said housings, including a magnetic keeper part on one of said housings and a magnet part on the other housing, for releasably holding the said housings in said operative juxtaposition,

(e) said receiving coil housing and one of the parts of said holding means constituting a substantially complete magnetic shield for the receiving coil to minimize stray pick-up of spurious signals thereby, and

(f) said holding means on the housings being force-release responsive so as to permit virtually instantaneous separation of the housings in the event that the vehicle is inadvertently driven off while the housings are still operatively juxtaposed.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said magnet part provides a substantially constant magnetic flux.

3. The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said magnet part comprises a permanent magnet.

4. The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said magnet part is of annular configuration.

5. The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said keeper part comprises a metal plate disposed adjacent to said transmitting coil,

(b) said magnet part being of annular configuration and closely abutting the metal plate when the housings are brought together.

6. The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said receiving coil is encapsulated in an epoxy casing,

(b) said magnet part being annular and disposed adjacent to said receiving coil,

(c) the epoxy casing being located in the opening of the magnet part.

7. The invention as defined in claim 1, and further including:

(a) an electric cable connected with said receiving coil at said storage facility, for carrying signals to the latter.

8. The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein:

(a) both the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are annular, and adapted to be in axial alignment with one another when the housings are brought together, and

(b) means providing a magnetic core adjacent the axes of the transmitting and receiving coils, for improving the magnetic coupling between said coils.

9. The invention as defined in claim 8, wherein:

(a) said magnetic core comprises a metal screw having its head intermediate the centers of the transmitting and receiving coils.

10. The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said transmitting coil is encapsulated in an epoxy casing,

(b) a magnetic core comprising a metal screw threaded into the casing,

(c) said metal screw improving the magnetic coupling between said transmitting and receiving coils.

11. The invention as defined in claim 7, and further including:

(a) feed-through conductors connected with said receiving coil and extending through the wall of the receiving coil housing,

(b) said feed-through conductors being electrically connected with and disposed intermediate said receiving coil and said electric cable.

12. The invention as defined in claim 1, and further including:

(a) signal transmitting means located at the vehicle and connected to said signal transmitting coil, to effect excitation of the same, and

(b) signal receiving means located at the storage facility, connected to said signal receiving coil to respond to signals picked up by said coil.

13. The invention as defined in claim 12, wherein:

(a) said transmitting means includes a waveform generator,

(b) said receiving means including a device for extracting and utilizing signal information from the waveforms of said generator.

14. The invention as defined in claim 13, wherein:

(a) the means for generating the waveform comprises switches.

15. The invention as defined in claim 13, wherein:

(a) the receiving means comprises relays responsive to the waveform information.

16. A signalling system to provide information from a carrier vehicle to a storage facility, comprising in combination with said vehicle and facility:

(a) a device at said vehicle, for generating waveforms,

(b) means for selecting two of said waveforms to correspond to a predetermined signal,

(c) a two-part coupling, one part comprising means connected to said generating device for radiating the waveform energy therefrom, and the other part comprising means closely coupled to said radiating means, to pick up said radiated waveform energy,

(d) holding means for normally maintaining said radiating and pick up means in close, operative proximity,

(e) said holding means enabling a non-destructive separation of said waveform radiating and pick up means in response to the application of sufficient force to said coupling parts,

(f) a cable connected to said pick up means, for carrying said picked up waveforms,

(g) a waveform decoder at the said storage facility, associated with said cable for decoding the waveforms carried by the cable, and

(h) a control device at said storage facility, responsive to said decoded waveforms.

17. The invention as defined in claim 16, wherein:

(a) the device for generating waveforms comprises an oscillator and tone synthesizer,

(b) said means for selecting two of said generated waveforms comprising an encoding matrix connected to and controlling said tone synthesizer.

18. The invention as defined in claim 16, and further including:

(a) a filter device connected to the waveform decoder and feeding signals thereto.

19. The invention as defined in claim 17, and further including:

(a) a plurality of input terminals at said vehicle, for connection to condition-sensing devices, and

(b) input buffer devices connecting said input terminals to the said encoding matrix.

20. The invention as defined in claim 18, wherein:

(a) the waveform decoder is a tone decoder,

(b) said waveforms being in the audio range.

21. The invention as defined in claim 16, and further including:

(a) a power blocking device connected between said cable and waveform decoder,

(b) said waveforms being in the audio range.

22. The invention as defined in claim 16, and further including:

(a) an automatic gain control circuit connected between said cable and waveform decoder, providing a more constant output over a wide range of input amplitudes.

23. The invention as defined in claim 22, wherein:

(a) said automatic gain control utilizes an amplifier stage having a variable gain,

(b) said amplifier stage having associated with it an optical coupler which varies its resistance in order to vary the amplifier gain.

24. The invention as defined in claim 23, wherein:

(a) said optical coupler is connected in a negative feedback circuit of the said amplifier stage.

25. The invention as defined in claim 21, wherein:

(a) said power blocking device comprises a capacitor connected in a circuit in series with the said cable.

26. The invention as defined in claim 18, wherein:

(a) said filter device comprises a sharp cutoff bandpass filter.

27. The invention as defined in claim 16, wherein:

(a) said vehicle carries an overfill indicator monitor, and

(b) means associated with said overfill indicator monitor and said waveform generating device of the vehicle, for shutting down the generating device in the event that an overfill condition is sensed by the said overfill indicator monitor, thereby to prevent readings from occurring at the control device of the facility when an overfill condition exists.

28. The invention as defined in claim 16, and further including:

(a) a pair of visual indicators at said vehicle, and

(b) means for illuminating one of said indicators and for maintaining extinguished the other of said indicators when no overfill condition exists, and for illuminating the said other of said indicators and for maintaining extinguished the said one indicator when an overfill condition does exist.

29. The invention as defined in claim 16, wherein:

(a) said control device comprises multiple relays,

(b) means connected with an output of the waveform decoder, for maintaining the said relays in a de-energized state in response to the occurence of an overfill condition.

30. The invention as defined in claim 16, wherein:

(a) said control device comprises multiple visual indicators,

(b) means connected with an output of the waveform decoder for maintaining the said visual indicators in a de-energized state in response to the occurence of an overfill condition.

31. The invention as defined in claim 16, wherein:

(a) said control device comprises multiple relays, adapted to be energized by said waveform decoder, and

(b) transient suppression means connected with an output of the decoder, for preventing induced voltages, resulting from switching of a relay coil, from damaging the decoder.

32. The invention as defined in claim 16, wherein:

(a) said waveform decoder is interposed between said cable and said control device, and has two input terminals adapted to receive a pair of said waveforms, one on each input.

33. The invention as defined in claim 32, and further including:

(a) means interposed between said cable and said waveform decoder, for splitting the picked-up waveforms into two parts, to be applied respectively to the said inputs of the decoder.

34. A method of remotely monitoring at a product storage facility, digital information in the form of digital input signals that are generated on separate lines and which relate to multiple parameters characterizing a product-carrying vehicle, comprising the steps of:

(a) applying said digital information on said separate lines to a waveform encoder so as to produce, for each possible combination of digital input signals, a unique pair of alternating current signals of different discrete frequencies,

(b) applying said alternating current signals to a transmitting coil disposed on the vehicle,

(c) physically positioning a receiving coil that is associated with the storage facility adjacent to the transmitting coil in inductively coupled relation thereto and in a force-release manner so as to enable a non-destructive separation of the coils to take place in the event that the vehicle is inadvertently driven off while the receiving coil is in its operative position adjacent to the transmitting coil, and

(d) applying the received pair of alternating current signals to a tone decoder so as to produce, on multiple output lines thereof, combinations of digital levels which correspond uniquely with each combination pair of alternating current signals received, so as to indicate, at the storage facility, the parameters that characterize the vehicle.

35. The invention as defined in claim 34, and including the further step of:

(a) passing the received alternating current signals through a filter in order to eliminate unwanted and spurious frequencies that might otherwise interfere with the operation of the tone de- coder.

36. The invention as defined in claim 34, and including the further step of:

(a) passing the received alternating current signals through an automatic gain control circuit in order to provide a more constant output over a wide range of input amplitudes.

37. The invention as defined in claim 34, and including the further steps of:

(a) passing the received alternating current signals through an automatic gain control circuit in order to provide a more constant output over a wide range of input amplitudes, and

(b) thereafter passing the received alternating current signals through a filter in order to eliminate unwanted and spurious frequencies that might otherwise interfere with the operation of the tone decoder.

38. The invention as defined in claim 34, and including the further steps of:

(a) passing the received alternating current signals through an automatic gain control circuit in order to provide a more constant output over a wide range of input amplitudes, and

(b) thereafter passing the received alternating current signals through a sharp cut-off bandpass filter in order to eliminate unwanted and spurious frequencies that might otherwise interfere with the operation of the tone decoder.

39. The invention as defined in claim 34, and including the further step of:

(a) passing the received alternating current signals through a power blocking device so as to prevent excessive signal amplitude from swamping circuitry following the same.

40. The invention as defined in claim 34, and including the further step of:

(a) applying the received pair of signals to a tone separating device prior to the applying of said received pair to the tone decoder, thereby to split the pair into their individual components.

41. A method of remotely monitoring at a product storage facility, information that is generated at a product carrying vehicle and which relates to multiple parameters that characterize the vehicle, comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a signal in a transmitter disposed on the vehicle and applying said transmitted signal to a transmitting coil disposed on the vehicle,

(b) physically positioning a receiving coil that is associated with the storage facility adjacent to the transmitting coil and in inductively coupled relation thereto, to enable the receiving coil to pick up said signal, said receiving coil being held in a force-release manner so as to enable a non-destructive separation of the coils in the event that the vehicle is inadvertently driven off while the receiving coil is in its operative position adjacent to the transmitting coil, and

(c) applying the signal from the receiving coil to a receiver and decoder, so as to provide an indication, at the storage facility, of the magnitude of the parameters that characterize the vehicle.