Multiple measurement noise reducing system using space-variant filters

• US 4,503,461 A
• Filed: 02/22/1983
• Issued: 03/05/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 02/22/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford Management Co.)
• Original Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford Management Co.)
• Inventors: Nishimura, Dwight G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Britton, Howard W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Peng, John K.
• Application Number:
  US06/468,657
• Time in Patent Office: 742 Days
• Field of Search: 358/93, 358/111, 358/36, 358/167, 358/282, 358/284, 378/92, 378/97, 378/99, 378/115, 364/414, 128/653, 128/659
• US Class Current: 378/98.12
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/32 Transforming X-rays cameras or camera modules for generating image signals from X-rays H04N23/30; circuitry of SSIS for transforming X-rays into image signals H04N25/30

Abstract

Extraneous signals or artifacts are reduced in a multiple measurement noise reducing system such as an X-ray imaging system by processing a plurality of measurements to obtain a first image signal of an object representing a desired parameter such as a blood vessel, processing the plurality of measurements to provide a second image signal having increased signal-to-noise, low pass filtering the first image signal, high pass filtering the second image signal, and then combining the two filtered signals. The filter frequencies are varied in response to the presence of artifacts to minimize effects of the artifact on the combined signal.

Claims

1. For use in an imaging system, a method of reducing extraneous signals in a first processed image signal of an object representing a desired parameter derived from a plurality of measurements comprising the steps of:

processing said plurality of measurements to provide a second processed image signal having greater signal-to-noise ratio than said first processed signal,

low pass filtering said first processed image signal to reduce its noise,

high pass filtering said second processed image signal, said high pass filtering being complementary to said low pass filtering;

varying the filter frequencies of said low pass filtering and said high pass filtering in response to presence of artifacts, and

combining said filtered first processed image and said filtered second processed image to provide an improved processed image signal.

2. The method as defined by claim 1 wherein said step of varying the filter frequencies includes the step of determining the spatial location of extraneous artifact edges in said second processed image signal and increasing the bandwidth frequency of said low pass filtering and reducing the bandwidth of said high pass filtering when an artifact edge is detected.

3. The method as defined by claim 2 wherein said step of determining the spatial location of extraneous artifact edges includes determining the components of the spatial gradient signal vector of the difference between said first processed image signal and said second processed image signal.

4. The method as defined by claim 1 wherein said first processed image signal is derived from a first weighted sum of said measurements and said second processed image signal is derived from a second weighted sum of said measurements.

5. The method as defined by claim 4 wherein said imaging system comprises an X-ray system and said measurements are at different X-ray energies.

6. The method as defined by claim 4 wherein said imaging system comprises an X-ray system and said measurements are at different times.

7. In an imaging system, apparatus for reducing extraneous image signals in a processed image signal of an object representing a desired parameter derived from a plurality of measurements comprising:

first processing means for processing said plurality of measurements and producing a first processed image signal representing said desired parameter,

second processing means for processing said plurality of measurements and producing a second processed image signal having a greater signal-to-noise ratio than said first processed image signal,

first filter means for receiving and low pass filtering said first processed image signal,

second filter means for receiving and high pass filtering said second processed image signal,

means for varying the filter bandwidths of said low pass filter means and said high pass filter means in response to presence of extraneous image signals, and

means for combining said filtered first processed image signal and said filtered second processed image signal.

8. Apparatus as defined by claim 7 wherein said first filter means and said second filter means are complementary in frequency.

9. Apparatus as defined by claim 8 wherein said means for varying the filter frequencies includes means for determining the spatial location of edges of extraneous images in said second processed image signal and increasing the bandwidth frequencies of said low pass filter means and decreasing the bandwidth frequencies of said high pass filter means when an edge of an extraneous image is detected.

10. Apparatus as defined by claim 9 wherein said means for determining the spatial location of edges includes differential means for determining the components of the spatial gradient signal vector of the difference between said first processed image signal and said second processed image signal.

11. Apparatus as defined by claim 7 wherein said first processed image signal is derived from a first weighted sum of said measurements and said second processed image signal is derived from a second weighted sum of said measurements.

12. Apparatus as defined by claim 11 wherein said imaging system comprises an X-ray system and said measurements are at different X-ray energies.

13. Apparatus as defined by claim 11 wherein said imaging system comprises an X-ray system and said measurements are at different times.