Vermiculite as a carrier support for immobilized biological materials
First Claim
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1. A method for immobilizing biological materials by preparing an insolubilized biological material composite comprising the steps of:
- (a) adding vermiculite particles to an aqueous medium of biological material;
(b) allowing said aqueous medium of biological material to absorb into said vermiculite; and
(c) coating said vermiculite with a polymer.
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Abstract
Biological materials are immobilized by being absorbed into vermiculite particles which then are coated with a polymeric coating material. A variety of cross-linking, condensing, and gelling agents may be used to strengthen and crosslink the polymer.
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Citations
36 Claims
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1. A method for immobilizing biological materials by preparing an insolubilized biological material composite comprising the steps of:
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(a) adding vermiculite particles to an aqueous medium of biological material; (b) allowing said aqueous medium of biological material to absorb into said vermiculite; and (c) coating said vermiculite with a polymer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 15, 19, 20, 21)
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4. A method for immobilizing biological materials by preparing an insolubilized biological material composite comprising the steps of:
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(a) adding vermiculite particles to an aqueous medium of biological material; (b) allowing said aqueous medium of biological material to absorb into said vermiculite; (c) coating said vermiculite with a polyalkyleneimine polymer; and (d) crosslinking said coated vermiculite with an amine cross-linking agent or condensing with a condensing agent. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18)
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- 22. An insolubilized biological material composite comprising a biologically active material adsorbed into particles of vermiculite which are immobilized within a polymer.
- 23. An insolubilized biological material composite comprising a biologically active material adsorbed into particles of vermiculite which are immobilized within a polymer, wherein said polymer is cross-linked with a cross-linking agent.
- 27. An insolubilized biological material composite comprising a biologically active material adsorbed into particles of vermiculite which are immobilized within a polymer wherein said polymer is condensed with a condensing agent.
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34. A method for producing aspartic acid comprising contacting, under aspartic acid producing conditions, a substrate containing ammonium fumarate with an insolubilized biological material composite of aspartase or aspartase containing microbial cells absorbed into vermiculite particles and immobilized within a polymer, wherein the immobilized vermiculite is cross-linked with a cross-linking agent or condensed with a condensing agent.
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35. A method for producing tryptophan comprising contacting, under tryptophan producing conditions, a substrate containing indole and serine with an insolubilized biological material composite of tryptophan synthetase or tryptophan synthetase containing microbial cells absorbed into vermiculite particles and immobilized within a polymer, wherein the immobilized vermiculite is cross-linked with a cross-linking agent or condensed with a condensing agent.
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36. A method for producing L-phenylalanine comprising contacting, under L-phenylalanine producing conditions, a substrate containing ammonium cinnamate with an insolubilized biological material composite of phenylalanine ammonia lyase or phenylalanine ammonia lyase-containing microbial cells absorbed into vermiculite particles and immobilized within a polymer.
Specification