Transient surface contact vehicle

• US 4,505,442 A
• Filed: 06/20/1983
• Issued: 03/19/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 06/20/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Grumman Aerospace Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Grumman Aerospace Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Inventors: Kirsch, Jerome, Kopsco, M. Alan, Markow, Edward, Sturm, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): Jordan, Charles T.
• Application Number:
  US06/505,815
• Time in Patent Office: 638 Days
• Field of Search: 244/3.1, 244/3.15, 244/50, 244/105, 244/106, 102/362, 102/411, 102/293, 89/1 A, 114/271-283
• US Class Current: 244/3.15
• CPC Class Codes: B63B 1/322 using aerodynamic elements, e.g. aerofoils producing a lifting force flying boats B64C35/00
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 25/54 Floats
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 37/00 Convertible aircraft
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/024 of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/70 Convertible aircraft, e.g. convertible into land vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2101/15 for conventional or electronic warfare
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/19 using electrically powered motors
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 70/80 Vertical take-off or landing, e.g. using rockets rotorcrafts B64U10/10; VTOL aircraft B64U10/20
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 80/84 Waterborne vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/22 Homing guidance systems
• CPC Class Codes: F42B 17/00 Rocket torpedoes, i.e. missiles provided with separate propulsion means for movement through air and through water F42B12/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F42B 23/00 Land mines ; Land torpedoesF42B12/00 takes precedence; for practice or training F42B8/28
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 70/10 Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

Abstract

A transient surface contact vehicle for transporting a load from a surface starting point to a surface end point has a structure for carrying the load from the starting point to the end point. A vehicle support extends from the structure. A buoyancy control device mounted in the structure is coupled to the vehicle support for selectively making the support buoyant and non-buoyant whereby when the support is buoyant it abuts the surface of a body of water thereby supporting the vehicle at a predetermined distance above the surface of the body of water. An acquisition sensor mounted on the structure initiates water surface operations. A sensor is mounted on the structure and cooperates with the acquisition sensor to energize upon tracking of the target and to move the vehicle along the water surface to impact with the target at the end point. A position control mounted on the vehicle produces a negative pitching moment to maintain the structure in surface-following contact with the body of water.

Claims

1. A transient surface contact vehicle for transporting a load from a surface starting point to a surface end point, said vehicle comprising

a structure for carrying said load from said starting point to said end point;

vehicle support means extending from said structure;

buoyancy control means mounted on said structure and coupled to said vehicle support means for selectively making said support means buoyant and non-buoyant whereby when said support means are buoyant said support means abut the surface of a body of water thereby supporting said vehicle at a predetermined distance above said surface of said body of water;

acquisition sensing means mounted on said structure for initiating water surface operations;

sensing means mounted on said structure and cooperating with said acquisition sensing means to sense and track a target in said water at said end point upon initiation of water surface operations;

power means mounted on said structure and cooperating with said sensing means to energize upon tracking of said target and to move said vehicle along said water surface at said predetermined distance above said surface to impact with said target at said end point; and

position control means mounted on said structure for producing a negative pitching moment to maintain said structure in surface-following contact with said body of water.

2. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said structure has a beam having a nose and a spaced opposite tail end, a wing mounted thereon at said tail end and fin means extending substantially perpendicularly from the surface of said wing, and wherein said position control means includes wing flaperons and fin rudder means for directional and roll control during water surface movement and a canard pivotally mounted on said beam in the area of the nose thereof for pitch control to produce said negative pitching moment to maintain said structure along said water surface and prevent take-off of said structure.

3. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein said vehicle support means includes a forward strut pivotally mounted at one end at the nose of said structure and having a forward pontoon-like device constantly abutting said water surface at its spaced opposite end and a pair of outrigger struts pivotally mounted at one end at the opposite tips of said wing and having aft pontoon-like devices abutting said water surface at their spaced opposite ends.

4. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein said load comprises an explosive charge, said power means comprises rocket propulsion means and said fin means comprises a pair of fins each at a corresponding tip of said wing.

5. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 3, further comprising strut release means including timer means mounted on said structure and coupled to said outrigger struts for separating said outrigger struts from said structure at a predetermined time after actuation of said power means, and wherein each of said struts comprises a substantially rigid tube curved at its opposite end and having a substantially teardrop shaped cross-section for reducing drag and strengthening said strut in the primary bending direction, each of said outrigger struts is mounted at a corresponding tip of said wing and each of said forward and outrigger struts is curved at its opposite end.

6. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein said sensing means is coupled to said canard for driving said canard full nose down to collapse said forward strut at said end point thereby to bring said structure down to said surface just prior to impact with said target.

7. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a retractable mast pivotally affixed to said beam at one end and positioned next-adjacent said beam prior to movement of said structure and erecting means mounted on said beam and coupled to said mast for positioning said mast substantially perpendicularly to said beam and above said beam, said sensing means being mounted on said mast at the spaced opposite end thereof and a plurality of resilient means, damping means and shock absorbing means mounted on said structure at each of said struts and coupled to said struts for urging said pontoon-like devices of said struts against said water surface as said vehicle moves along said surface.

8. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein when said pontoon-like devices of said support means are made non-buoyant by said buoyancy control means, said structure sinks in a body of water and said pontoon-like devices are retracted and abut the bottom of the body of water.

9. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein said pontoon-like devices have substantially flat bottom surfaces with prow-like noses.

10. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein when said pontoon-like devices are made buoyant by said buoyancy control means, said structure floats up in said body of water until said pontoon-like devices abut said water surface, said pontoon-like devices are extended from said structures and said power means moves said vehicle along said water surface at said predetermined distance above said water surface and said position control means maintains said structure in surface-following contact with said body of water to impact with said target at said end point.

11. A combination aircraft transient surface contact vehicle for transporting a load from a surface starting point to a surface end point, said vehicle comprising

an aerodynamic structure carrying said load from said surface starting point to a first intermediate point of the surface of a body of water by air;

programmable navigation means mounted on said structure for directing said vehicle from said starting point to said first intermediate point via a flight path preset in said navigation means;

flight power means mounted on said structure for powering said vehicle for flight in a cruise path between said points programmed in said navigation means;

position control means mounted on said structure and cooperating with said navigation means at a preset point in said cruise path thereby permitting said vehicle to glide to a preset altitude above the water surface at said intermediate point whereby said vehicle settles onto said water surface from said altitude;

vehicle support means retracted during flight and extending from said structure prior to settling onto said water surface;

buoyancy control means mounted on said structure and coupled to said vehicle support means for selectively making said support means buoyant and non-buoyant whereby when said support means are buoyant said support means abut said water surface thereby supporting said vehicle at a predetermined distance above said surface of said body of water;

acquisition sensing means mounted on said structure for initiating water surface operations;

sensing means mounted on said structure and cooperating with said acquisition sensing means to sense and track a target in said water at said end point upon initiation of water surface operations; and

surface power means mounted on said structure and cooperating with said sensing means to energize upon tracking of said target and to move said vehicle along said water surface at said predetermined distance above said water surface to impact with said target at said end point.

12. A combination aircraft and transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 11, wherein said structure has a beam having a nose and a spaced opposite tail end, a wing mounted thereon at said tail end and fin means extending substantially perpendicularly from the surface of said wing, and wherein said position control means includes wing flaperons and fin rudder means for directional and roll control during flight and surface movement and a canard pivotally mounted on said beam in the area of the nose thereof for pitch control to produce a negative pitching moment to maintain said structure in contact with said water surface during movement of said structure along said water surface and prevent take-off of said structure.

13. A combination aircraft and transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein said vehicle support means includes a forward strut pivotally mounted at one end at the nose of said structure end having a forward pontoon-like device constantly abutting said water surface at its spaced opposite end, and a pair of outrigger struts pivotally mounted at one end at the opposite tips of said wing and having means to absorb landing impact energy aft pontoon-like devices abutting said water surface at their spaced opposite ends upon settling on said surface and means for absorbing landing impact energy.

14. A combination aircraft and transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein said flight power means comprises a propeller rotatably mounted on said beam at said tail end thereof, an electric motor mounted on said beam and coupled to said propeller to drive same and a source of electrical energy connected to said motor for energizing said motor, said load comprises an explosive charge, said surface power means comprises rocket propulsion means and said fin means comprises a pair of fins each at a corresponding tip of said wing.

15. A combination aircraft and transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 12, further comprising strut release means including timer means mounted on said structure and coupled to said outrigger struts for separating said outrigger struts from said structure at a predetermined time after actuation of said surface power means, wherein each of said struts comprises a substantially rigid tube curved at its opposite end and having a substantially teardrop shaped cross-section for reducing drag and strengthening said strut in the primary bending direction, each of said outrigger struts is mounted at a corresponding tip of said wing and each of said forward and outrigger struts is curved at its opposite end.

16. A combination aircraft and transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 13, wherein said sensing means is coupled to said canard for driving said canard full nose down to collapse said forward strut at said end point thereby to bring said structure down to said water surface just prior to impact with said target.

17. A combination aircraft and transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 13, further comprising a retractable mast pivotally affixed to said beam at one end and positioned next-adjacent said beam during flight of said structure and erecting means mounted on said beam and coupled to said mast for positioning said mast substantially perpendicularly to said beam and above said beam, said sensing means being mounted on said mast at the spaced opposite end thereof and a plurality of resilient means, damping means and shock absorbing means mounted on said structure at each of said struts and coupled to said struts for urging said pontoon-like devices of said struts against said water surface as said vehicle moves along said surface.

18. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 13, wherein when said pontoon-like devices of said support means are made non-buoyant by said buoyancy control means, said structure sinks in a body of water and said pontoon-like devices are retracted and abut the bottom of the body of water.

19. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 18, wherein said pontoon-like devices have substantially flat bottom surfaces with prow-like noses.

20. A transient surface contact vehicle as claimed in claim 18, wherein when said pontoon-like devices are made buoyant by said buoyancy control means, said structure floats up in said body of water until said pontoon-like devices abut said water surface at a second intermediate point, said pontoon-like devices are extended from said structure and said power means moves said vehicle along said water surface at said predetermined distance above said water surface and said position control means maintains said structure in surface-following contact with said body of water to impact with said target at said end point.