Process and device for the binarization of a pattern

• US 4,509,195 A
• Filed: 12/28/1981
• Issued: 04/02/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 01/05/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Image Processing Technologies, Inc. (General Patent Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Morton Nadler
• Inventors: Nadler, Morton
• Primary Examiner(s): Martin, John C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US06/334,468
• Time in Patent Office: 1,191 Days
• Field of Search: 382/18, 382/41, 382/27, 382/51, 382/52, 382/56, 382/50, 358/282, 358/284
• US Class Current: 382/237
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/28 Quantising the image, e.g. histogram thresholding for discrimination between background and foreground patterns

Abstract

The device of the invention allows the binarized evaluation of a pattern from a signal indicative of intensity values of spatially distributed discrete points of the pattern. It comprises circuits for registering the intensity values of points distributed in at least two concentric rings within an elementary area, at least in one sector centered on the elementary area, determining contrast values each equal to the difference of the registered intensity values between a point of an inner ring and a point of an outer ring, and assigning a positive and negative difference sign to respectively the positive and negative contrast values thus determined having an absolute value higher than a predetermined contrast threshold. A counter is provided for counting distinctively the positive and negative difference signs in the vicinity of the elementary area. An evaluation circuit assigns a light or dark quality to the area respectively when the counted difference signals contain a predominant number of positive or negative difference signs by more than a predetermined minimum.

Claims

1. A process for binarization of a signal indicative of intensity values of spatially distributed discrete points of a pattern wherein each of successively scanned elementary areas is evaluated as being of dark or bright quality depending on the intensity values of a number of points around said elementary area, wherein said process comprises, for each said elementary area:

registering the intensity values of points distributed in at least two concentric rings within at least one sector centered on said elementary area,

determining a number of contrast values each equal to the difference of registered intensity values between a point of an inner ring and a point of an outer ring,

assigning a positive and negative difference sign to respectively the positive and negative contrast values showing an absolute value higher than a predetermined contrast threshold, counting separately said positive and negative difference signs,

and assigning a light or dark quality to said area respectively when said counted signs contain a predominant number of positive or negative signs conforming to a predetermined minimum condition.

2. A process according to claim 1, wherein each point is involved in the calculation of contrast values by difference with points of an inner ring or outer ring a predetermined number of times individually selected for each point, with circular symmetry.

3. A process according to claim 1, wherein it comprises registering the positive and negative difference signs counted for said sector and using the registered signs as an indication of the positive and negative difference signs in a similar or symmetrical sector centered on another later scanned elementary area.

4. A process according to claim 3, wherein it comprises determining the difference in number between said counted registered positive difference signs and said counted registered negative difference signs for all sectors around said elementary area, comparing said difference in number to a predetermined minimum and assigning the light or dark quality only if said difference in number is higher than said minimum, the quality being light or dark when the number of positive signs is respectively higher or lower than the number of negative signs.

6. A process according to claim 3, further comprising comparing the number of said positive difference signs and the number of said negative difference signs for all sectors around said elementary area, determining from said comparison which of said positive or negative signs has the higher number, comparing said higher number to a predetermined minimum, and assigning the light or dark quality only if said higher number is higher than said minimum, the quality being light or dark depending on the difference sign corresponding to said higher number.

5. A device for the binarized evaluation of a pattern from a signal indicative of intensity values of spatially distributed discrete points of said pattern, wherein said device comprises:

means for registering the intensity values of points distributed in at least two concentric rings around each elementary area of successively scanned elementary areas, at least in one sector centered on said elementary area, determining contrast values each equal to the difference of the registered intensity values between a point of an inner ring and a point of an outer ring, and assigning a positive and negative difference sign to respectively the positive and negative contrast values thus determined having an absolute value higher than a predetermined contrast threshold,

means for counting distinctively said positive and negative difference signs in the vicinity of said elementary area and means for assigning a light or dark quality to said elementary area respectively when said counted difference signs contain a predominant number of positive or negative difference signs comforming to a predetermined minimum condition.

7. A device according to claim 5, further comprising means for involving each point in the calculation of contrast values by difference with points of an inner ring or outer ring a predetermined number of times individually selected for each point, with circular symmetry.

8. A device according to claim 5, further comprising means for registering the positive and negative difference signs counted for said sector and using the registered signs as an indication of the positive and negative difference signs in the similar or symmetrical sector centered on another later scanned elementary area.

9. A device according to claim 8, further comprising means for determining the difference in number between said counted registered positive difference sign and said counted registered negative difference signs for all sectors around said elementary area, comparing said difference in number to a predetermined minimum and assigning light or dark quality only if said difference in number is higher than said minimum, the quality being light or dark when the number of positive signs is respectively higher or lower than the number of negative signs.

10. A device according to claim 8, further comprising means for comparing the number of said positive difference signs and the number of said difference signs for all sectors around said elementary area, determining from said comparison which of said positive or negative signs have the higher number, comparing said higher number to a predetermined minimum, and assigning the light or dark quality only if said higher number is higher than said minimum, the quality being light or dark depending on the difference sign corresponding to said higher number.