System for plotting a miniature ECG

• US 4,509,530 A
• Filed: 12/27/1983
• Issued: 04/09/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/1983
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Mizzi, John V., Curtis, Huntington W., Francis, David B., Dodge, Frederick A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Application Number:
  US06/565,499
• Time in Patent Office: 469 Days
• Field of Search: 128/702-704, 128/710, 346/33 ME
• US Class Current: 600/523
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/333 Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/338 Recording by printing on paper
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7232 involving compression of the physiological signal, e.g. to extend the signal recording period

Abstract

A method of printing an analog waveform having a time variable, such as an ECG by first converting the analog waveform into a time sequence of digitally expressed values, forming predetermined groups of digital data and then determining maximum and minimum amplitude values of the digital data within the groups. These values are stored in a line buffer memory. A recording medium advances past a transversely oriented linear array of discrete recording elements, such as a linear array dot printhead. The serial stored values are read out in parallel to each of the recording elements, with the elements actuated in parallel by the stored values at an initial time and for time durations for each element that is a function of the stored maximum and minimum amplitude values for that element. The waveform is recorded as a series of appropriately placed short parallel longitudinal lines to form in aggregate a transverse waveform display on the recording medium.

Claims

1. A method of printing an analog waveform having a time variable comprising the steps of:

converting said analog waveform into a time sequence of digitally expressed values;

forming predetermined groups of said digital data and determining maximum and minimum amplitude values of said digital data within said groups;

serially storing said maximum and minimum values;

moving a recording medium past a transversely oriented linear array of discrete recording elements; and

reading out in parallel in accordance with said serial stored values to said recording elements and actuating respective elements in parallel by said stored values at initial times and for time durations for each element that is a function of the stored maximum and minimum amplitude values for that element, wherein said waveform is recorded as a series of appropriately placed short parallel longitudinal lines to form in aggregate a transverse waveform display on said recording medium.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said analog waveform is an ECG.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said predetermined groups are determined as a function of the time duration to be printed on a single line and the number of recording elements to print said line.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising the steps of determining the existence of a lack of overlap between successive longitudinal lines of data and, modifying the stored values to eliminate said lack of overlap.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein if the stored minimum value of one data group is greater than the stored maximum value of a succeeding data group, the stored minimum value in said one data group is used as the stored maximum value in said succeeding data group.

6. The method of claim 4 wherein if the stored maximum value of one data group is less than the stored minimum value in a succeeding data group, the value of the stored maximum value in said one data group is used as the stored minimum value in said succeeding data group.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising repeating the steps of forming second predetermined groups of data, determining second serial paired max-min stored values, and reading out said second serial stored values in an alternate cycle with said previous serial stored values to print successive transverse lines of data.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of moving said recording medium at a uniform average speed perpendicular to said linear array.

9. A method of plotting an ECG comprising the steps of dividing digitized ECG data into predetermined groups of data and plotting data derived from said groups as short adjacent linear segments having in the aggregate a direction representative of ECG time wherein said adjacent linear segments define a waveform train across a data recording medium running perpendicular to said waveform train time axis.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the data plotted for each group is a line connecting points that are spatially related to the maximum and minimum amplitudes of ECG data within said predetermined group of data.

11. The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of converting analog ECG data into digital ECG data and dividing said digital ECG data into groups having a predetermined member of samples within each group.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said predetermined number of samples is a function of the member of waveform lines to be printed representing a given time duration of ECG data.

13. The method of claim 9 further comprising the steps altering said ECG data in said predetermined groups to print with an overlap between adjacent printhead element lines.