Air cathode structure manufacture

• US 4,514,474 A
• Filed: 03/11/1983
• Issued: 04/30/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 03/11/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Space Operations Company (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Littauer, Ernest L., Momyer, William R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Walton, Donald L.
• Application Number:
  US06/474,502
• Time in Patent Office: 781 Days
• Field of Search: 429/27, 429/28, 429/29, 429/40, 429/41, 429/44, 429/42
• US Class Current: 429/405
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 12/06 with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/86 Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells

Abstract

An improved air cathode structure for use in primary batteries and the like. The cathode structure includes a matrix active layer, a current collector grid on one face of the matrix active layer, and a porous, nonelectrically conductive separator on the opposite face of the matrix active layer, the collector grid and separator being permanently bonded to the matrix active layer. The separator has a preselected porosity providing low IR losses and high resistance to air flow through the matrix active layer to maintain high bubble pressure during operation of the battery. In the illustrated embodiment, the separator was formed of porous polypropylene. A thin hydrophobic film is provided, in the preferred embodiment, on the current collecting metal grid.

Claims

1. A primary battery comprising an alkali metal anode and an air cathode structure spaced from said anode, said anode and cathode being adapted to contact an aqueous alkaline electrolyte during operation of said battery, said air cathode structure comprising:

a matrix active layer defining an air surface on one face thereof;

a current collector grid on said one face of the matrix active layer; and

a porous, electrically nonconductive polypropylene separator on the opposite face of the matrix active layer between said matrix active layer and said anode, said collector grid and separator being permanently bonded to the matrix active layer, said separator having a preselected porosity providing low IR losses and high resistance to air flow through the matrix active layer to maintain high bubble pressure characteristics thereof.

2. The battery of claim 1 further including an outer protective layer permanently bonded on the collector grid.

3. The battery of claim 1 further including an outer protective polytetrafluoroethylene layer permanently bonded on the collector grid.

4. The battery of claim 1 wherein said anode is of a material selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium.

5. The battery of claim 4 wherein said electrolyte is an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide.

6. The battery of claim 5 wherein said anode is of lithium, and said electrolyte is an aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide.