Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding video
First Claim
1. Apparatus for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising:
- (A) an encoder, including;
means for storing an input video frame as an array of pixel values;
means for interrogating the stored array and for generating (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a difference signal representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of the pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and the difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover the video frame;
said sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate, and said difference signal being generated at a relatively low information rate;
(B) a decoder, including means for combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame.
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Abstract
The disclosure is directed to an apparatus and method for encoding and/or decoding video signals for use in a compatible high definition television system or in other applications. In a form of the disclosure there is provided an encoder which stores an input frame as an array of digital pixel values. The stored array is interrogated to generate a sum signal and at least one difference signal. The sum signal is representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels. The difference signal is representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values in some of the pixels in the group and the total of the pixel values of other pixels in the group. The sum signal and the difference signal are generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover the video frame. The sum signal is generated at a relatively high information rate and the difference signal is generated at a relatively low information rate. In the decoder the sum and difference signals are combined to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame.
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Citations
92 Claims
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1. Apparatus for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising:
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(A) an encoder, including; means for storing an input video frame as an array of pixel values; means for interrogating the stored array and for generating (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a difference signal representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of the pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and the difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover the video frame;said sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate, and said difference signal being generated at a relatively low information rate; (B) a decoder, including means for combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. Apparatus for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising:
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(A) an encoder, including; means for storing input video frames as arrays of pixel values; - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 17, 19, 20)
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13. means for interrogating the stored arrays and for generating:
- (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals being generated at a relatively low information rate;(B) a decoder, including means for combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame. - View Dependent Claims (16, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 48, 50, 52, 53, 55)
- (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
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23. Apparatus for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising:
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(A) an encoder, including; means for storing input video frames as arrays of pixel values; means for interrogating the stored arrays for a series of successive frames and for generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated for each frame of the series and a distinct difference signal being generated for each frame of the series;
whereby the sum signal is generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals is generated at a relatively low information rate;(B) a decoder, including means for combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame. - View Dependent Claims (26, 29, 32, 34, 36)
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38. Apparatus for decoding an encoded video signal representative of input video frames digitized as an array of pixel values, the encoded signal including a sum signal representative of the sum of pixel values in a group of pixels, and a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of the pixel values of other pixels in the group, the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame, the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals being generated at a relatively low information rate;
- the decoding apparatus comprising;
means for storing the sum signal; means for storing each of the difference signals; means for combining the sum and difference signals for corresponding groups of pixels to obtain a pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame corresponding to the pixel value of the corresponding pixel of the input array.
- the decoding apparatus comprising;
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40. A decoding apparatus for use in a system for encoding and decoding a video signal, the encoding portion of the system including means for storing input video frames as arrays of digital pixel values;
- and means for interrogating the stored arrays for a series of successive frames and for generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated for each frame of the series and a distinct difference signal being generated for each frame of the series;
whereby the sum signal is generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals is generated at a relatively low information rate;
the decoding apparatus comprising;means for storing the sum signal; means for storing each of the difference signals; and means for combining the sum and difference signals for corresponding groups of pixels to obtain a pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame corresponding to the pixel value of the corresponding pixel of the input array.
- and means for interrogating the stored arrays for a series of successive frames and for generating;
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42. For use in a system for encoding and decoding a video signal, an encoding apparatus comprising:
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means for storing input video frames as arrays of digital pixel values; and means for interrogating the stored arrays and for generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals being generated at a relatively low information rate.
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44. For use in a system for encoding and decoding a video signal, an encoding apparatus comprising:
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means for storing input video frames as arrays of digital pixel values; and means for interrogating the stored arrays for a series of successive frames and for generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated for each frame of the series and a distinct difference signal being generated for each frame of the series;
whereby the sum signal is generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals is generated at a relatively low information rate.
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46. A method for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising the steps of:
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(A) forming encoded signals, by; storing an input video frame as an array of pixel values; interrogating the stored array and generating (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a difference signal representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of the pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and the difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover the video frame;said sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate, and said difference signal being generated at a relatively low information rate; (B) decoding the encoded signals by combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame. - View Dependent Claims (49, 51, 54, 56, 58, 59, 61, 63, 64, 66)
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57. A method for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising the steps of:
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(A) forming encoded signals, by; storing input video frames as arrays of pixel values; interrogating the stored arrays and generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals is generated at a relatively low information rate;(B) decoding the encoded signals by combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame. - View Dependent Claims (60, 62, 65, 67, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 79)
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68. A method for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising the steps of:
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(A) forming encoded signals, by; storing input video frames as arrays of pixel values; interrogating the stored arrays for a series of successive frames and generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated for each frame of the series and a distinct difference signal being generated for each frame of the series;
whereby the sum signal is generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals is generated at a relatively low information rate;(B) forming decoded signals by combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame. - View Dependent Claims (71, 75, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90)
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81. A method for decoding an encoded video signal representative of input video frames digitized as an array of pixel values, the encoded signal including a sum signal representative of the sum of pixel values in a group of pixels, and a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of the pixel values of other pixels in the group, the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame, the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals being generated at a relatively low information rate;
- the decoding method comprising the steps of;
storing the sum signal; storing each of the difference signals; and combining the sum and difference signals for corresponding groups of pixels to obtain a pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame corresponding to the pixel value of the corresponding pixel of the input array.
- the decoding method comprising the steps of;
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83. A decoding method for use in a technique for encoding and decoding a video signal, the encoding including storing input video frames as arrays of digital pixel values and interrogating the stored arrays for a series of successive frames and generating:
- (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated for each frame of the series and a distinct difference signal being generated for each frame of the series;
whereby the sum signal is generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals is generated at a relatively low information rate;
the decoding method comprising the steps of;storing the sum signal; storing each of the difference signals; and combining the sum and difference signals for corresponding groups of pixels to obtain a pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame corresponding to the pixel value of the corresponding pixel of the input array.
- (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
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85. For use in a technique for encoding and decoding a video signal, an encoding method comprising the steps of:
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storing input video frames as arrays of digital pixel values; and interrogating the stored arrays and generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals being generated at a relatively low information rate.
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87. For use in a technique for encoding and decoding a video signal, an encoding method comprising the steps of:
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storing input video frames as arrays of digital pixel values; and interrogating the stored arrays for a series of successive frames and for generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a plurality of distinct difference signals representative of the difference between the total of the pixel values of some of the pixels in the group and the total of pixel values of other pixels in the group;
the sum signal and each difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame;
the sum signal being generated for each frame of the series and a distinct difference signal being generated for each frame of the series;
whereby the sum signal is generated at a relatively high information rate and each of the difference signals is generated at a relatively low information rate.
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89. Apparatus for encoding and decoding a video signal, comprising:
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(A) an encoder, including; means responsive to said video signal for deriving an input video frame as an array of pixel values; means for interrogating the stored array and for generating (i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a difference signal representative of the difference between pixel values of pixels in the group;
the sum signal and the difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover the video frame;said sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate, and said difference signal being generated at a relatively low information rate; (B) a decoder, including means for combining the sum and difference signals to obtain an output pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame.
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91. Apparatus for decoding an encoded video signal representative of input video frames in the form of arrays of pixel values, the encoded signal including a sum signal representative of the sum of pixel values in a group of pixels, and a difference signal representative of the difference between pixel values of pixels in the group, the sum signal and difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame, the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and the difference signal being generated at a relatively low information rate;
- the decoding apparatus comprising;
means for storing the sum signal; means for storing the difference signal; means for combining the sum and difference signals for corresponding groups of pixels to obtain a pixel value for each pixel of an output video frame corresponding to the pixel value of the corresponding pixel of the input array.
- the decoding apparatus comprising;
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92. For use in a system for encoding and decoding a video signal, an encoding apparatus comprising:
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means responsive to said video signal for deriving input video frames as arrays of digital pixel values; and means for interrogating the stored arrays and for generating;
(i) a sum signal representative of the sum of the pixel values in a group of pixels, and (ii) a difference signal representative of the difference between pixel values of pixels in the group, the sum signal and difference signal being generated for a multiplicity of groups which cover a video frame, the sum signal being generated at a relatively high information rate and the difference signal being generated at a relatively low information rate.
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Specification