Touch sensitive control device

• US 4,550,221 A
• Filed: 10/07/1983
• Issued: 10/29/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 10/07/1983
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Volks Communication Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Scott Mabusth
• Inventors: Mabusth, Scott
• Primary Examiner(s): SCHREYER, STAFFORD
• Application Number:
  US06/539,810
• Time in Patent Office: 753 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18, 178/19, 178/20, 340/706
• US Class Current: 178/18.06
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04809 Textured surface identifying touch areas, e.g. overlay structure for a virtual keyboard
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03547 Touch pads, in which fingers can move on a surface
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/038 Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0446 using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/047 using sets of wires, e.g. crossed wires

Abstract

A touch sensitive control device translates touch location into output signals. The device includes a substrate which supports first and second interleaved, closely spaced, nonoverlapping arrays of conductive plates. The plates are aligned in rows and columns so that edges of each plate of one array are proximate to but spaced from the edges of plates of the other array. The plates of each column of the first array are connected together and the plates of each row of the second array are connected together. An insulating layer overlies the first and second arrays so that when the outer surface of the insulating layer is touched, the capacitance of at least one of the columns of plates of the first array and the rows of plates of the second array underlying the insulating layer at the location being touched exhibits a change of capacitance with respect to ambient ground. The columns of the first array and the rows of the second array are periodically connected on a multiplexed basis to a capacitance measuring circuit. Based upon the measured capacitance of each column of the first array and row of the second array, the microcomputer produces output signals which represent the coordinates of the location being touched. These output signals can be used, for example, to control the position of a cursor on a display screen or to make selected function commands.

Claims

1. A touch sensitive device for translating touch location into output signals, the device comprising:

a substrate;

first and second interleaved, closely spaced, non-overlapping arrays of conductive plates supported by the substrate, the plates of each array having edges proximate to but spaced from the edges of plates of the other array, the plates of each array being aligned in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the plates of each column of the first array being connected together and the plates of each row of the second array being connected together;

an insulating layer overlying the first and second arrays so that when an outer surface of the insulating layer is touched, capacitance of at least one of the columns of plates of the first array and the rows of plates of the second array underlying the insulating layer at a location being touched exhibits a change of capacitance with respect to ambient ground;

means for measuring capacitance of each column of the first array and each row of the second array; and

means for providing the output signals as a function of the measured capacitances;

wherein the output signals include coordinate output signals and function command output signals; and

wherein the means for providing output signals provides coordinate output signals when a change in capacitance is measured at both a row and a column, and provides function command output signals when a change in capacitance is measured at a column without a corresponding change in capacitance being measured at a row.

2. The touch sensitive device of claim 1 wherein each column of the first array includes a plate having at least a portion which is not adjacent to a plate of the second array.

3. The touch sensitive device of claim 1 wherein the coordinate output signals represent X and Y coordinates of the location being touched based upon the row and the column at which the change in capacitance is measured.

4. The touch sensitive device of claim 1 wherein the function command output signals are a function of the column at which the change in capacitance is measured.

5. The touch sensitive device of claim 1 wherein the insulating layer has a coordinate control region overlying rows of plates of the second array and the columns of plates of the first array which are adjacent one another, and has a function command region overlying the portions of the plates of the columns of the first array which are not adjacent a plate of the second array.

6. The touch sensitive device of claim 1 wherein the means for measuring capacitance comprises:

oscillator means for providing an oscillator signal having a frequency which is a function of capacitance of a row or column of plates connected to the oscillator means;

multiplexer means for selectively connecting each row and column to the oscillator means for a predetermined time period;

means for producing a capacitance value for each row and column which is a function of the frequency of the oscillator signal during the predetermined time period when that row or column is connected to the oscillator means;

means for storing a base line value for each row and column which is representative of a capacitive value for that row or column during a base line period when the insulating layer is not being touched; and

means for comparing the capacitance values with the corresponding base line values to produce an indication of each row and column at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred.

7. The touch sensitive device of claim 6 wherein the means for storing a base line value for each row and column updates the base line values each time a predetermined time interval occurs without a change in capacitance due to touching having occurred, the base line values being updated based upon capacitance values produced during the predetermined time interval.

8. The touch sensitive device of claim 6 wherein the means for providing output signals provides the output signals based upon the indication of each row and column at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred.

9. The touch sensitive device of claim 8 wherein the output signals represent coordinates of locations where touching has occurred.

10. The touch sensitive device of claim 9 wherein, based upon the indication of each row and column of which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred, the means for providing output signals determines whether a change of capacitance at two adjacent rows has occurred and if so provides an output signal indicating a coordinate between the two adjacent rows, and determines whether a change of capacitance at two adjacent columns has occurred and if so provides an output signal indicating a coordinate between the two adjacent columns.

11. The touch sensitive device of claim 1 wherein the first and second arrays are supported on a common surface of the substrate.

12. The touch sensitive device of claim 1 wherein the plates of the first and second arrays are diamond shaped.

13. A touch sensitive device for translating touch location into output signals, the device comprising:

a substrate;

a plurality of conductive plates supported by the substrate and arranged and connected in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns;

an insulating layer overlying the plates so that when an outer surface of the insulating layer is touched, capacitance of at least one of the columns and rows of plates underlying the insulating layer at a location being touched exhibits a change of capacitance with respect to ambient ground;

oscillator means for providing an oscillator signal having a frequency which is a function of capacitance of a row or column of plates connected to the oscillator means;

multiplexer means for selectively connecting each row and column to the oscillator means for a predetermined time period;

means for producing a capacitance value for each row and column which is a function of the frequency of the oscillator signal during the predetermined time period when that row or column is connected to the oscillator means;

means for storing a base line value for each row and column which is representative of a capacitance value for that row or column during a base line period when the insulating layer is not being touched;

means for updating the base line values each time a predetermined time interval occurs without a change in capacitance due to touching having occurred;

means for comparing the capacitance values with the corresponding base line values to produce an indication of each row and column at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred; and

means for providing the output signals based upon the indication of each row and column at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred.

14. The touch sensitive device of claim 13 wherein the output signals represent coordinates of locations where touching has occurred.

15. The touch sensitive device of claim 14 wherein, based upon the indication of each row and column at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred, the means for providing output signals determines whether a change of capacitance at two adjacent columns has occurred and if so provides an output signal indicating a coordinate between the two adjacent columns, and determines whether a change of capacitance at two adjacent rows has occurred and if so provides an output signal indicating a coordinate between the two adjacent rows.

16. A touch sensitive device for translating touch location into output signals, the device comprising:

a substrate;

a plurality of touch-responsive capacitive sensors supported by the substrate, the sensors exhibiting a change in capacitance when touched;

oscillator means for providing an oscillator signal having a frequency which is a function of capacitance of a sensor connected to the oscillator means;

multiplexer means for selectively connecting each of the sensors to the oscillator means for a predetermined time period;

means for producing a capacitance value for each sensor which is a function of the frequency of the oscillator signal during the predetermined time period when that sensor is connected to the oscillator means;

means for storing a base line value for each sensor which is representative of a capacitance value for that sensor during a base line period when the sensor is not being touched;

means for updating the base line values each time a predetermined time interval occurs without a change in capacitance due to touching having occurred;

means for comparing the capacitance values with the corresponding base line values to produce an indication of each sensor at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred; and

means for providing the output signals based upon the indication of each sensor at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred.

17. The touch sensitive device of claim 16 wherein the sensors are arranged in rows and columns and the output signals represent coordinates of locations where touching has occurred.

18. The touch sensitive device of claim 17 wherein, based upon the indication of each row and column at which a change in capacitance due to touching has occurred, the means for providing output signals determines whether a change of capacitance at two adjacent columns has occurred and if so provides an output signal indicating a coordinate between the two adjacent columns, and determines whether a change of capacitance at two adjacent rows has occurred and if so provides an output signal indicating a coordinate between the two adjacent rows.