Anaglyphic stereoscopic image apparatus and method

• US 4,558,359 A
• Filed: 11/01/1983
• Issued: 12/10/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 11/01/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Agriculture
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
• Inventors: Kuperman, Gilbert G., Wallquist, Donald L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Britton, Howard W.
• Application Number:
  US06/547,610
• Time in Patent Office: 770 Days
• Field of Search: 358/89, 358/81, 364/522, 350/144, 340/729
• US Class Current: 348/44
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/062 in which different colours are used
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52071 Multicolour displays; using colour coding; Optimising colour or information content in displays, e.g. parametric imaging
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/334 using spectral multiplexing

Abstract

An image processing apparatus for aiding analysis of images through the introduction of additonal physically displaced image elements in complementary color which are generated by digital processing of original image elements. The added elements and original image are viewed stereoscopically on an electronic reconstructed image display.

Claims

1. A method for creating a stereoscopic analysis image from a monochrome input image having image features of varying pixel intensity comprising the steps of:

reproducing the original image pixel for pixel in a first color;

adding to the original image a second image comprised of second pixels of a second color each displaced from the corresponding original image pixel by a distance having a predetermined relationship with the intensity of said original image pixel;

viewing the composite reproduced image binocularly using color separation to preceive a stereoscopic view of the original image.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said adding step includes adding pixels of a second color displaced in one direction from said original image pixel and introducing pixels of a third color displaced in the one hundred eighty degree opposite direction from said original image pixel.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said added and introduced pixels are similar in intensity to the original image pixels.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein said color separation transmits said second color and is opaque to said third color in one half of said binocular view;

is opaque to said second color and transmits said third color in the other half of said binocular view; and

is opaque to said first color in both halves of said binocular view.

5. The method of claim 1 further including the step of smoothing the appearance of the reproduced image by replacing pixels of low intensity located between said added and introduced pixels with pixels having intensity related to that of nearby pixels.

6. Image generating apparatus comprising:

means for coding an input image into first signals representing image density at each image pixel;

means generating for each coded pixel signal a second and a third supplemental signal each magnitude related to said first signal according to a predetermined relationship;

means for reconstructing a scanned color summation image from said first, second and third signals including means responsive to said first signal for reproducing original image pixels in a first color and means responsive to said second and third signals for supplementing said reconstructed image original image pixels with pixels of a second and third color.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said means for coding an input image also includes means for scaling the image density values in said input image into a predetermined range of first signal values.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said image density is correlated with the physical density of a measured object.

9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said image density is correlated with increments of linear measure.

10. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said image density represents strength of a received signal.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said received signal is a radio frequency signal.

12. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said means responsive to said second and third signals includes means for locating said supplementing pixels according to said second and third signals.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said means for supplementing includes means for locating said pixels of second and third color on either side of a related original image pixel.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 further including binocular color segregation viewing apparatus responsive in a predetermined manner to said first, second and third colors.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said second color is red, said third color is green, said first color is blue and said color segregating viewing apparatus includes red and green transmitting filter elements.

16. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said first color is grey, said second color is green and said third color is red.

17. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said second and third color pixels are each located between zero and ten periodic pixel locations away from said original image pixel.

18. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the location displacement of each said second and third color pixels is eight periodic pixel locations maximum for the most intense pixel and a proportionally smaller number of pixel locations for pixels of lesser intensity.

19. A method for generating visual analysis images comprising the steps of:

coding an input image into first electrical signals representing image density at each pixel of a periodically located set of pixel set;

generating for each coded pixel signal second and third supplemental electrical signals each magnitude related to said first signal by a predetermined algorithm;

reconstructing a scanned color summation visual image from said first, second, and third electrical signals using said first signal to control first second and thrid color intensities at each reconstructed image pixel and displacing the location of each second and third color reconstructed image pixel by a number of pixels determined by said second and third signal magnitudes;

segregating the color summation visual image into two depth conveying visual components.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein

said first electrical signals are digital signals and said predetermined algorithms is linear and incremental with predetermined small ranges of coded pixel signals resulting in identical second and third signal values.

21. The method of claim 19 wherein said predetermined algorithm is non-linear in nature.

22. The method of claim 19 further including the step of smoothing the magnitude of said second and third electrical signals over a predetermined number of pixel locations.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein said smoothing step includes increasing the density of zero density pixels located near said second and third color pixels.

24. The method of claim 22 wherein said steps of generating second and third signals and smoothing the magnitude of said second and third signals include digital computer and associated software processing of image signals.

25. A method for constructing a feature enhanced analysis image from an input image of varying pixel intensity comprising the steps of:

creating a frist variant of said input image wherein each image pixel is physically displaced in a first direction from its input image location in proportion to its intensity;

generating a second variant of said input image wherein each image pixel is physically displaced in a second direction from its input image location in proportion to its intensity;

viewing said first and second variant images stereoscopically.

26. Apparatus for constructing a feature enhanced analysis image from an input image of varying pixel intensity comprising:

means for creating a first variant of said input image wherein each image pixel is displaced physically in a first direction from its input image location in proportion to its intensity;

means for generating a second variant image of said input image wherein each image pixel is displaced physically in a second direction from its original image location in proportion to its intensity;

means for viewing said first and second variant images stereoscopically.

27. Image analysis apparatus comprising:

means for coding an input image into first electrical signals representing image intensity at each pixel;

means for linearly scaling said first electrical signals from the total of said image into second signals of a predetermined modulus;

means for sampling said second signals in increments of third electrical signals representing the pixels located along a scanned line of said input image;

computer means for generating fourth electrical signals representing pixels in said scanned line displaced forward along said scanned line by 8 pixel locations and less in proportion to pixel intensity;

computer means for generating fifth electrical signals representing pixels in said scanned line displaced backward along said scanned line by 8 pixel locations and less in proportion to pixel intensity;

computer means for smoothing said third, fourth and fifth electrical signals in scanned line increments said means including means for replacing zero intensity values of said signals with values related to the intensity of pixels within two adjacent pixel locations;

means for collecting said third, fourth and fifth electrical signals into an array capable of representing a reconstructed variation of said input image, said means including means allowing repeated accessing of the collected signals for display refreshment;

scanning display means connected, with said means for collecting, and including blue, red and green display pixels responsive respectively to said third, fourth and fifth collected electrical signals, for displaying said reconstructed image with periodic refreshment, said reconstructed image including a reproduction of said input image by said third electrical signals;

color segregating viewing means including red and green color filters for stereoscopic viewing of said reconstructed image.