Formable pulp compositions

• US 4,562,218 A
• Filed: 09/16/1983
• Issued: 12/31/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Armstrong World Industries Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Armstrong World Industries Incorporated
• Inventors: Long, Harry F., Fornadel, J. Stephen
• Primary Examiner(s): Kight, John
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nutter, Nathan M.
• Application Number:
  US06/532,351
• Time in Patent Office: 837 Days
• Field of Search: 524/13, 524/15, 524/27, 524/33, 524/34, 524/47, 524/2, 524/492, 524/907, 524/78, 428/526, 428/529, 428/308.4, 428/308.8, 106/163 R, 106/89, 106/92, 106/93, 162/142, 162/148, 162/156, 162/164.1, 162/166, 162/168.1, 162/170
• US Class Current: 524/15
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 28/02 containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
• CPC Class Codes: D21C 9/002 by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives
• CPC Class Codes: D21H 11/10 Mixtures of chemical and mechanical pulp
• CPC Class Codes: D21H 13/40 vitreous, e.g. mineral wool, glass fibres
• CPC Class Codes: D21H 17/02 Material of vegetable origin proteins D21H17/22; lignins D21H17/23; polysaccharides D21H17/24; rosin D21H17/62
• CPC Class Codes: D21H 17/34 obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: D21J 1/00 Fibreboard preparation of pulp compositions or addition of chemical agents D21B, D21C, D21H; formation of the wet web D21F
• CPC Class Codes: D21J 3/00 Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
• CPC Class Codes: D21J 7/00 Manufacture of hollow articles from fibre suspensions or papier-mâché by deposition of fibres in or on a wire-net mould
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 524/907 Additive of specified shape other than fiber, particle, or powder
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/3196 Phenoplast

Abstract

The present invention concerns our discovery that aqueous cellulosic slurries comprising primary binder, newsprint, sulfite pulp, and vegetable shell flour can be prepared and formed as desired into various configurations. The materials thus formed are usable for a variety of purposes including furniture, paneling and flooring structures.

Claims

1. A cellulosic composition useful to prepare articles having a desired configuration, said composition comprising by weight 100 parts of thermoplastic or theromostet primary binder, from about 25 to about 700 parts of newsprint, from about 25 to about 500 parts of sulfite pulp, from about 25 to about 500 parts of vegetable shell flour, and a suitable quantity of water.

2. The invention as set forth in claim 1 hereof wherein said composition comprises from about 50 to about 400 parts of newsprint, from about 50 to about 350 parts of sulfite pulp, and from about 50 to about 350 parts of vegetable shell flour for every 100 parts of primary binder.

3. The invention as set forth in claim 2 hereof wherein said composition comprises from about 90 to about 310 parts each of the newsprint, the sulfite pulp and the vegetable shell flour.

4. The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said composition comprises at least one secondary binder.

5. The invention as set forth in claim 4 hereof wherein said secondary binder is selected from the group consisting of powdered starch, cement, and polyvinyl alcohol.

6. The invention as set forth in claim 5 hereof wherein said cement is selected from the group consisting of portland cement, fondue cement and medusa cement.

7. The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said composition comprises reinforcing fibers.

8. The invention as set forth in claim 7 hereof wherein said reinforcing fibers are glass fibers.

9. The invention as set forth in claims 1, 2 or 3 hereof wherein said primary binder is a melamine binder, a urea-formaldehyde binder or a latex binder.

10. The invention as set forth in claim 9 hereof wherein said primary binder is a latex binder selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride binders, polyacrylate binders, SBR binders, chlorinated SBR binders and carboxylated SBR binders.

11. The invention as set forth in claim 10 hereof wherein said primary binder is a self cross-linking acrylic latex binder.

12. A cellulosic product having a desired configuration, said product comprising by weight 100 parts of primary binder, from about 25 to about 700 parts of newsprint, from about 25 to about 500 parts of sulfite pulp and from about 25 to about 500 parts of vegetable shell flour.

13. The invention as set forth in claim 12 hereof wherein said product comprises from about 50 to about 400 parts of newsprint, from about 50 to about 350 parts of sulfite pulp, and from about 50 to about 350 parts of vegetable shell flour for every 100 parts of primary binder.

14. The invention as set forth in claim 13 hereof wherein said product comprises from about 90 to about 310 parts each of the newsprint, the sulfite pulp and the vegetable shell flour.

15. The invention as set forth in claims 12, 13 or 14 hereof wherein said product comprises at least one secondary binder.

16. The invention as set forth in claim 15 hereof wherein said secondary binder is selected from the group consisting of powdered starch, cement, and polyvinyl alcohol.

17. The invention as set forth in claim 16 hereof wherein said cement is selected from the group consisting of portland cement, fondue cement and medusa cement.

18. The invention as set forth in claims 12, 13 or 14 hereof wherein said product comprises reinforcing fibers.

19. The invention as set forth in claim 18 hereof wherein said reinforcing fibers are glass fibers.

20. The invention as set forth in claims 12, 13 or 14 hereof wherein said primary binder is a melamine binder, a urea-formaldehyde binder or a latex binder.

21. The invention as set forth in claim 20 hereof wherein said primary binder is a latex binder selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride binders, polyacrylate binders, SBR binders, chlorinated SBR binders and carboxylated SBR binders.

22. The invention as set forth in claim 21 hereof wherein said primary binder is a self cross-linking acrylic latex binder.

23. The invention as set forth in claims 12, 13 or 14 hereof wherein said product comprises not less than about 45% cellulosic material.

24. The invention as set forth in claim 23 hereof wherein said product comprises not less than about 60% cellulosic material.

25. The invention as set forth in claim 24 hereof wherein said product comprises from about 73 to about 90% cellulosic material.

26. The invention as set forth in claims 12, 13 or 14 hereof wherein the density of said product is not less than about 10 lbs. per cubic foot.

27. The invention as set forth in claim 26 hereof wherein said density is not less than about 20 lbs. per cubic foot.

28. The invention as set forth in claim 27 hereof wherein said density is not less than about 30 lbs. per cubic foot.

29. A process for preparing cellulosic articles having a desired configuration, said process comprising the steps of

preparing an aqueous slurry comprising by weight from about 25 to about 700 parts of newsprint, from about 25 to about 500 parts of sulfite pulp, from about 25 to about 500 parts of vegetable shell flour, and optional components;

adjusting the pH as necessary to cause precipitation of a subsequently added thermoplastic or thermoset primary binder onto the solid components of said slurry;

dispersing 100 parts of said primary binder in said slurry;

disposing said slurry in a desired configuration;

removing excess water to form a preshaped article; and

drying said preshaped article.

30. The invention as set forth in claim 29 hereof wherein said slurry comprises from about 50 to about 400 parts of newsprint, from about 50 to about 350 parts of sulfite pulp, and from about 50 to about 350 parts of vegetable shell flour for every 100 parts of primary binder.

31. The invention as set forth in claim 30 hereof wherein said slurry comprises from about 90 to about 310 parts each of the newsprint, the sulfite pulp and the vegetable shell flour.

32. The invention as set forth in claims 29, 30 or 31 hereof wherein said slurry comprises at least one secondary binder.

33. The invention as set forth in claim 32 hereof wherein said secondary binder is selected from the group consisting of powdered starch, cement and polyvinyl alcohol.

34. The invention as set forth in claim 33 hereof wherein said cement is selected from the group consisting of portland cement, fondue cement and medusa cement.

35. The invention as set forth in claims 29, 30 or 31 hereof wherein said slurry comprises reinforcing fibers.

36. The invention as set forth in claim 35 hereof wherein said reinforcing fibers are glass fibers.

37. The invention as set forth in claims 29, 30 or 31 hereof wherein said primary binder is a melamine binder, a urea-formaldehyde binder or a latex binder.

38. The invention as set forth in claim 37 hereof wherein said primary binder is a latex binder selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride binders, polyacrylate binders, SBR binders, chlorinated SBR binders and carboxylated SBR binders.

39. The invention as set forth in claim 38 hereof wherein said primary binder is a self cross-linking acrylic latex binder.

40. The invention as set forth in claims 29, 30 or 31 hereof wherein said dried preshaped article comprises not less than about 45% cellulosic material.

41. The invention as set forth in claim 40 hereof wherein said dried preshaped article comprises not less than about 60% cellulosic material.

42. The invention as set forth in claim 41 hereof wherein said dried preshaped article comprises from about 73 to about 90% cellulosic material.

43. The invention as set forth in claims 29, 30 or 31 hereof wherein the density of said dried preshaped article is not less than about 10 lbs. per cubic foot.

44. The invention as set forth in claim 43 hereof wherein said density is not less than about 20 lbs. per cubic foot.

45. The invention as set forth in claim 44 hereof wherein said density is not less than about 30 lbs. per cubic foot.

46. The invention as set forth in claims 29, 30 or 31 hereof comprising the additional steps of

pulverizing said preshaped article,

placing the pulverized material in a casting having a desired configuration, and

molding said pulverized material.

47. The invention as set forth in claim 46 hereof wherein said preshaped article is chilled before it is pulverized.

48. The invention as set forth in claim 46 hereof wherein said casting is provided with a wood grain embossing plate which imparts a wood grain appearance to said final product.

49. A process for preparing cellulosic articles having a desired configuration, said process comprising the steps of

preparing a master batch slurry comprising from about 25 to about 700 parts of newsprint, from about 25 to about 500 parts of sulfite pulp and from about 25 to about 500 parts of vegetable shell flour;

forming said master batch slurry into a mat;

intermixing said mat with optional components and 100 parts of primary binder; and

forming the intermixed material into a desired configuration.

50. The invention as set forth in claim 49 hereof wherein said slurry comprises from about 50 to about 400 parts of newsprint, from about 50 to about 350 parts of sulfite pulp and from about 50 to about 350 parts of vegetable shell flour for every 100 parts of primary binder.

51. The invention as set forth in claim 50 hereof wherein said slurry comprises from about 90 to about 310 parts each of the newsprint, the sulfite pulp and the vegetable shell flour.

52. The invention as set forth in claims 49, 50 or 51 hereof wherein said articles are prepared by drying and pulverizing said mat, and intermixing the pulverized material with said optional components and said binder.

53. The invention as set forth in claim 52 hereof wherein said intermixing is accomplished by preparing a slurry comprising said pulverized material and said optional components;

adjusting the pH as necessary to cause precipitation of said primary binder onto the solid components of said slurry when said primary binder is subsequently added;

dispersing said primary binder in said slurry;

disposing said slurry in a desired configuration;

removing excess water to form a preshaped article; and

drying said preshaped article.

54. The invention as set forth in claim 52 hereof wherein said pulverized material, optional components and primary binder are intermixed in a dry state;

placed in a casting having a desired configuration; and

molded.