Electrolyte for electro-chemical cells

• US 4,563,403 A
• Filed: 02/23/1984
• Issued: 01/07/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/1981
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: John D. Julian
• Original Assignee: John D. Julian
• Inventors: Julian, John D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Walton, Donald L.
• Application Number:
  US06/583,100
• Time in Patent Office: 684 Days
• Field of Search: 429/107, 429/198, 429/206, 429/207, 429/198, 429/199, 429/200, 429/188, 429/216
• US Class Current: 429/207
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/02 Details of electrodes H01M4/00; of non-active parts H01M50/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/26 Selection of materials as electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An electrolyte is disclosed which can be used in a variety of electrochemical cells and rechargeable accumulators. The electrolyte solution contains a complexing agent which reduces electrode solubility, combats dendrite formation, improves electrolyte conductivity and low temperature operation. The complexing agent additive described can be used with various electrolytes and existing cell types to advantage. Aspects of this invention are applicable to Ni-Cd, Ag-Cd, Ag-Zn, Ni-Fe, Ni-Zn, and like cells.

Claims

1. In a current producing cell or an accumulator with electrodes comprising active materials and a single dilute aqueous electrolyte conducting ions between the electrodes, wherein the improvement comprises up to 4 grams, per 100 ml of the dilute electrolyte, of a potassium or sodium ferro- or ferricyanide additive increasing the ion conductivity of the electrolyte and reducing the electrode solubility.

2. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is alkaline.

3. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte contains potassium or sodium hydroxide.

4. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein at least one polarity of electrode contains a cyanide or ferro- or ferricyanide compound.

5. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte further contains a fluoride.

6. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte further contains a borate or orthoboric acid.

7. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein the cell is a silver-cadmium of silver-zinc cell.

8. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein the cell is a nickel-cadmium, nickel-iron or nickel-zinc-cell.

9. In the current producing cell or accumulator of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte further contains potassium cyanomercurate.