Light pencil

• US 4,565,999 A
• Filed: 04/01/1983
• Issued: 01/21/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 04/01/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Computervision Corp. (PTC Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Prime Computer, Inc. (DR Holdings, Inc. of Delaware)
• Inventors: Goldman, Jay, King, Allen, Collins, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Brigance, Gerald L.
• Application Number:
  US06/466,074
• Time in Patent Office: 1,026 Days
• Field of Search: 340/705, 340/706, 340/707, 340/708, 340/709, 340/710, 340/711, 340/712, 340/980, 340/825.19, 358/103, 358/104, 178/18, 356/152
• US Class Current: 345/158
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/012 Head tracking input arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0308 comprising a plurality of distinctive and separately oriented light emitters or reflectors associated to the pointing device, e.g. remote cursor controller with distinct and separately oriented LEDs at the tip whose radiations are captured by a photo-detector associated to the screen
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/033 Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user , e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor digitisers characterised by the transducing means G06F3/041
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03545 Pens or stylus
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04892 Arrangements for controlling cursor position based on codes indicative of cursor displacements from one discrete location to another, e.g. using cursor control keys associated to different directions or using the tab key arrangements for controlling cursor position based on coordinate signals G06F3/038

Abstract

A cursor control system for use with a data terminal having a display consists of a radiation source and associated radiation sensor. Either the source or sensor is fixed with respect to the display while the other is moveable and may be fixed to the user'"'"'s head. The system translates the motion of the user'"'"'s head into a directional signal for controlling cursor position on the screen.

Claims

1. A cursor positioning system for a data terminal having a display, comprising:

A. a first radiation source and an associated first radiation sensor, wherein the radiation characteristics of one of said first source and first sensor has a substantially omnidirectional pattern over a predetermined angular segment, the radiation characteristic of the other of said first source and first sensor corresponds to the superposition of a plurality of directional patterns extending substantially from a single point, said plurality of patterns being substantially uniformly distributed over partially overlapping predetermined angular segments, said first sensor including means for generating a sensor signal associated with each of said directional patterns, said sensor signals being related to the radiational coupling between said first source and first sensor,

B. means for fixing the position of one of said first source and first sensor with respect to said display and for fixing the position of the other of said first source and first sensor with respect to the head of an operator of said system,

C. motion processing means responsive to said sensor signals and including means for extracting operator motion signals from said sensor signals and for generating position signals therefrom representative of the orientation of the operator'"'"'s head, said extracting means including means for suppressing portions of said sensor signal representative of predetermined operator head motions, and

D. means for generating cursor signals adapted for controlling the position of a cursor on said display in response to said position signals.

2. A system according to claim 1 wherein said other of said first source and first sensor has said directional radiation characteristic.

3. A system according to claim 2 further comprising:

A. a second radiation source and an associated second radiation sensor, wherein the radiation characteristics of one of said second source and second sensor has a substantially omnidirectional pattern over a predetermined angular segment, the radiation characteristic of the other of said second source and second sensor corresponds to the supperposition of a plurality of directional patterns extending substantially from a single point, said plurality of patterns being substantially uniformly distributed over partially overlapping predetermined angular segments, said second sensor including means for generating a sensor signal associated with each of said directional patterns, said sensor signals being related to the radiational coupling between said second source and second sensor,

B. means for fixing the position of one of said second source and second sensor with respect to said display and for fixing the position of the other of said second source and second sensor with respect to the head of an operator of said system wherein said one of said second source and said second sensor has said directional radiation characteristics.

4. A system according to claim 1 wherein said motion processing means includes means for detecting from said sensor signals the presence of signals representative of a succcession of substantially vertical relatively rapid up and down nod motions of said operator'"'"'s head, and in response thereto generating position signals representative of a vertical nod.

5. A system according to claim 4 further comprising a programmed digital computer responsive to said vertical nod position signals.

6. A system according to claim 1 wherein said motion processing means includes means for detecting from said sensor signals the presence of signals representative of a succession of substantially horizontal left and right nod motions of said operator'"'"'s head, and in response thereto generating position signals representative of a horizontal nod.

7. A system according to claim 6 further comprising a programmed digital computer responsive to said horizontal nod position signals.

8. A system according to claim 1 wherein said motion processing means includes means for detecting from said sensor signals the presence of signals representative of a single vertical, relatively rapid up nod motion spaced apart in time from other nod motions of said operator'"'"'s head, and in response thereto generating position signals representative of an up-nod.

9. A system according to claim 8 further comprising to programmed digital computer responsive to said up-nod position signals.

10. A system according to claim 1 wherein said motion processing means includes means for detecting from said sensor signals the presence of signals representative of a single vertical, relatively raid down nod motion spaced apart in time from other nod motions of said operator'"'"'s head, and in response thereto generating position signals representative of a down-nod.

11. A system according to claim 9 further comprising a programmed digital computer responsive to said down-nod position signals.

12. A system according to claim 1 wherein said source includes a reflector coupled to a remote radiation source pattern adapted to produce said source radiation characteristic.

13. A cursor positioning system according to claim 1 wherein the position of said radiation source is fixed with respect to the head of said operator.

14. A cursor positioning system according to claim 1 wherein the position of said radiation sensor is fixed with respect to the head of said operator.

15. A cursor positioning system according to claim 1 wherein the radiation characteristic of said radiation source has said substantially omnidirectional pattern.

16. A cursor positioning system according to claim 1 wherein the radiation characteristic of said radiation sensor has said substantially omnidirectional pattern.

17. A cursor positioning system according to claim 1 wherein said radiation source includes at least two infra-red light emitting diodes (LED'"'"'s).

18. A system according to claim 1 wherein said plurality of directional patterns form a rectangular four element array and wherein said motion processing means includes means for generating a first position signal proportional to the ratio of the detected intensities of light from one row of elements of said array to the detected intensities of light from all elements of said array, and for generating a second position signal proportional to the ratio of the detected intensities of light from one column of elements of said array to the detected intensities of light from all elements of said array.

19. A system according to claim 1 wherein said plurality of directional patterns form a rectangular four element array and wherein said motion processing means includes means for generating a first position signal proportional to the difference of the logarithm of the sum of the detected intensities of light from one row of elements of said array and the logarithm of the sum of the detected intensities of light from the other row of elements of said array, and for generating a second position signal proportional to the difference of the logarithm of the sum of the detected intensities of light from one column of elements of said array and the logarithms of the sum of the detected intensities of light from the other column of said array.