Automated photophoresis blood portion control methods and apparatus

• US 4,568,328 A
• Filed: 10/29/1984
• Issued: 02/04/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: McNeilab, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Extracorporeal Medical Specialties Incorporated
• Inventors: King, Martin J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Skogquist, Harland S.
• Application Number:
  US06/665,832
• Time in Patent Office: 463 Days
• Field of Search: 604/4, 604/5, 604/6
• US Class Current: 604/6.08
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36222 Details related to the interface between cassette and machine
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362223 the interface being evacuated interfaces to enhance contact
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36224 with sensing means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36225 with blood pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36226 Constructional details of cassettes, e.g. specific details on material or shape
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362266 Means for adding solutions or substances to the blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3681 by irradiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3683 using photoactive agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3693 using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3696 with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0439 White blood cells; Leucocytes lymphocytes A61M2202/0407
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/051 with radiation therapy

Abstract

Automated control methods and apparatus are provided for the separation and collection of desired blood portions for use in an extracorporeal photophoresis treatment system wherein a photoactivatable agent, in contact with leukocyte enriched blood from a patient is irradiated and then returned to said patient.

Claims

1. In an extracorporeal photophoresis leukocyte enriched blood treatment system for photoactivating a reagent, a control method for obtaining said leukocyte enriched blood from whole blood from a patient comprising the steps of:

pumping, said whole blood from said patient into a continuous centrifuge having capacity limits whereby leukocytes are substantially separated from erythrocytes on the basis of differing densities, said continuous centrifuge adapted to continuously receive whole blood and to discharge plasma and leukocyte enriched blood as whole blood is received until the capacity limit has been attained;

monitoring the volume of blood pumped and electronically communicating said volume to central control means for controlling said treatment system;

directing plasma, derived from said centrifuge, to a first container in response to a first manual instruction and monitoring the volume of plasma so directed by means of the volume pumped into said continuous centrifuge;

further directing in response to a second manual instruction, said leukocyte rich portion emerging from said centrifuge into said first container and monitoring separately the volume so directed by means of the volume pumped into said continuous centrifuge; and

directing excess plasma and nonleukocyte enriched fluids to a second container;

wherein said directing steps are controlled by said central control means so that predetermined volumes of plasma and leukocyte enriched portions are collected in said first container, excess volumes thereover being automatically directed by said central control means to said second container whereby a predetermined leukocyte enriched blood portion mixed with plasma is obtained from said patient'"'"'s whole blood, said leukocyte enriched plasma mixture being suitable for photoactivation and said excess plasma, if any, and said nonleukocyte enriched fluids in said second container being suitable for reinfusion to the patient.

2. The control method of claim 1 further comprising the steps of returning the contents of the second container to the patient and then repeating the steps of claim 1 for a predetermined number of cycles, said central control means collecting said plasma and leukocyte enriched portions from each cycle into said first container in accordance with said predetermined volume and cycle conditions.

3. In an extracorporeal treatment system for photoactivating a reagent, apparatus for obtaining a plasma and leukocyte enriched blood portions, from whole blood from a patient, suitable for photoactivation comprising:

blood pump means having known volume pumping characteristics electronically coupled to central control means;

continuous centrifuge means for receiving and separating on the basis of density whole blood into plasma enriched, leukocyte enriched portions and nonleukocyte enriched portions, and for discharging said portions as whole blood is received;

a first container for receiving said plasma and said leukocyte enriched blood portion;

a second container for receiving fluids not directed to said first container;

a tubing set for communicating blood from said patient to said treatment system and communicating with said blood pump means, said centrifuge, and said first and second containers; and

valve means for directing flow from said centrifuge to said first or second containers in response to electronic signals from said central control means wherein said central control means is adapted to receive information regarding the desired plasma and leukocyte enriched blood portion volumes to be contained in said first container and, in response to manually entered identification of the particular blood portion being discharged from said centrifuge and said desired blood volume information, said control means in cooperation with said valve means causes the desired plasma volume and leukocyte enriched blood volume to be collected in said first container and other fluids to be collected in said second container.