Method and apparatus for cutting concrete by use of laser

• US 4,568,814 A
• Filed: 01/30/1984
• Issued: 02/04/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/1983
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Square Enix
• Original Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science & Technology (Government of Japan), Ministry of International Trade & Industry (Government of Malaysia)
• Inventors: Katsumura, Munehide, Hamasaki, Masanobu
• Primary Examiner(s): Albritton, C. L.
• Application Number:
  US06/575,299
• Time in Patent Office: 736 Days
• Field of Search: 219/121 LH, 219/121 LJ, 219/121 LN, 219/121 LG, 219/121 L, 219/121 LM, 376/308, 376/310
• US Class Current: 219/121.68
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 2103/50 Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/0093 combined with mechanical machining or metal-working covered by other subclasses than B23K combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus B23K28/02
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/16 Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece by a fluid stream B23K26/142
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/364 for making a groove or trench, e.g. for scribing a break initiation groove
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/40 taking account of the properties of the material involved
• CPC Class Codes: B28D 1/221 by thermic methods
• CPC Class Codes: G21D 1/003 Nuclear facilities decommissioning arrangements decontamination arrangements, treating radioactively contaminated material G21F9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G21F 9/28 Treating solids
• CPC Class Codes: G21F 9/34 Disposal of solid waste
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 30/00 Energy generation of nuclear origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 30/30 Nuclear fission reactors

Abstract

The slag formed when concrete is melted by exposure to a laser beam, when caused to incorporate therein a MgO-rich supplementary material, loses it viscosity and, on cooling, refrains from expanding and, consequently, assumes a readily removable state. The slag thus set can be easily removed by allowing a cleaning device such as the rotary wire brush to pass along the part of concrete melted by the laser beam. In accordance with this method, the apparatus for cutting concrete can be readily applied to a remote control system and will manifest an outstanding effect in a highly hazardous site such as is involved in the dismantling of a biological shield wall of concrete in a nuclear reactor.

Claims

1. A method for cutting concrete by the use of a laser, which comprises the steps of moving a laser along the part of the concrete under treatment while directing the laser beam therefrom to said part, supplying a supplementary material rich in MgO to the part of the concrete melted by said laser beam, and performing the work of gouging, breaking, or cutting, for example, on the concrete by utilizing the melted part thereof.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said supplementary material supplied to the part of concrete melted by said laser beam is formulated so that the part of the concrete melted by the laser beam and subsequently caused to incorporate therein the supplementary material always contains 20 to 40% of MgO in the chemical composition thereof.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said supplementary material richly contains BaO in addition to MgO.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said supplementary material is supplied to a laser action point so that said part of the concrete melted by the laser beam contains 20 to 40% of MgO and 10 to 20% of BaO in the chemical composition thereof.

5. A method according to claim 1, wherein a cleaning device is moved to follow the path of said laser means and said supplementary material supplying means to scrub and remove the part of concrete which has been melted and subsequently allowed to set.

6. A method according to claim 5, wherein said portion of the concrete which has been melted by the laser beam and caused to incorporate therein said supplementary material is allowed to set and is subsequently removed by scrubbing and a concrete demolition agent is supplied to the cavity resulting from said removal of the set slag.

7. An apparatus for cutting concrete, comprising a frame movable along the part of the concrete under treatment, laser device having fastened to said frame an irradiation part capable of generating a laser beam and irradiating said part of concrete with said laser beam, supplementary material supplying means fixed to said frame near said laser device and adapted to supply a supplementary material rich in MgO to the part of the concrete melted by exposure to said laser beam, and cleaning means fixed to said frame moved along the part of the concrete under treatment as separated rearwardly from said supplementary material supplying means relative to the direction of movement of said frame and adapted to remove slag melted out of the concrete by exposure to said laser beam and subsequently allowed to set.

8. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said supplementary material supplied by said supplementary material supplying means to the part of the concrete melted by exposure to said laser beam is formulated so that the part of the concrete melted by the laser beam contains 20 to 40% of MgO in the chemical composition thereof.

9. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said supplementary material further contains BaO.

10. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said supplementary material supplied by said supplementary material supplying means to the part of the concrete melted by exposure to said laser beam is formulated so that the part of the concrete melted by said laser beam contains 20 to 40% of MgO and 10 to 20% of BaO in the chemical composition thereof.

11. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said cleaning means comprises an electric motor and a wire brush rotated by said electric motor.

12. An apparatus according to claim 7, which further comprises concrete demolition agent supplying means fixed on said frame behind said cleaning means relative to the direction of movement of said frame and adapted to supply a concrete demolition agent to the cavity left by the removal of said slag by said cleaning means.

13. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said frame having fixed thereon said laser device, said supplementary material supplying means and said cleaning means is retained horizontally movably by a horizontal arm, said horizontal arm is retained horizontally rotatably and vertically movably by a vertical guide column, and drive means for imparting horizontal rotation and vertical motion to said horizontal arm and said vertical guide column is provided on said vertical guide column.

14. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said cleaning means is retained by said frame so as to have the position thereof freely moved relative to said laser device and said supplementary material supplying means.