Integrated receiver antenna device

• US 4,573,212 A
• Filed: 11/21/1983
• Issued: 02/25/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/1983
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Tracor Aerospace Electronic Systems, Inc.
• Original Assignee: American Electronic Laboratories, Inc.
• Inventors: Lipsky, Stephen E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bookbinder, Marc E.
• Application Number:
  US06/553,541
• Time in Patent Office: 827 Days
• Field of Search: 455/280-282, 455/293, 343/701, 343/895
• US Class Current: 455/282
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/247 with frequency mixer, e.g. for direct satellite reception or Doppler radar
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/27 Spiral antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 9/0608 by means of diodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/18 Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line coupling networks between antennas or lines and receivers independent of the nature of the receiver H03H

Abstract

An integrated receiver antenna device comprising a pair of antenna elements providing a spiral antenna for receiving radio frequency signals over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit and providing high sensitivity over the broadband of frequencies. The elements each have first and second ends and provide a pair of interwound conductive windings with their first ends positioned proximate to each other at the center of the antenna for providing sensitivity at the high frequency limit of received radio frequency signal, while the second ends of the elements are displaced from the first ends and positioned at the periphery of the antenna. A detector mixer unit is connected between and positioned proximate to the first ends of the antenna elements for deriving radio frequency signals received by the antenna elements and receiving an input signal for providing an oscillating signal at the detector mixer unit for producing an output signal.

Claims

1. An integrated receiver antenna device comprising a pair of antenna elements providing a spiral antenna for receiving radio frequency signals over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit, the elements each having first and second ends and providing a pair of interwound conductive windings with their first ends positioned proximate to each other at the center of the antenna for providing sensitivity at the high frequency limit of received radio frequency signals and having their second ends displaced from the first ends and positioned at the periphery of the antenna, a flat plate of non conductive material supporting on a flat surface thereof the conductive windings of the spiral antenna, a supporting body having a conductive wall with an opening providing a cavity therein, and in which the plate is supported over the opening of the body for enclosing its cavity, a detector mixer unit connected between and positioned proximate to the first ends of the antenna elements for deriving radio frequency signals received by the antenna elements, signal input means for supplying an input signal providing an oscillating signal at the detector mixer unit for producing an output signal by the detector mixer unit which is an intermediate frequency signal, and signal output means connected to the antenna elements at a location substantially displaced from the detector mixer unit for delivering the output signal from locations proximate to the second ends of the antenna elements, and in which the signal input means includes a signal conducting means having a first signal conductor providing the input signal to the detector mixer unit and a second conductor which is returned to the conductive wall of the body, and the signal output means includes signal conducting means having a first conductor connecting with one of the second ends of the pair of windings of the antenna and a second conductor returned to the conductive wall of the body and first and second signal terminating means respectively returning the second ends of the antenna elements to the conductive wall of the body, and the signal output means delivers a biasing signal to the detector mixer unit through the antenna elements.

2. The device of claim 1 in which the detector mixer unit is a diode.

3. The device of claim 2 in which the signal output means includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal to the antenna elements for delivery to the detector mixer unit, and in which the detector mixer unit is a beam lead diode, and the signal output means is connected to the second ends of the antenna elements for delivering output signals from the antenna elements.

4. The device of claim 1 in which the signal conducting means of the signal input means is a coaxial transmission line extending into the cavity of the body having a center conductor providing the input signal to one of the second ends of the windings and an outer conductor which is returned to the conductive wall of the body, and the signal conducting means of the signal output means is a coaxial transmission line having a center conductor connected to the other second end of the windings and an outer conductor which is returned to the conductive wall of the body, and the first and second terminating means comprise a pair of resistor elements respectively connecting the second ends of the antenna elements to the conducting wall of the body.

5. The device of claim 4 in which the signal output means delivers a biasing signal to the detector mixer unit through the windings of the antenna.

6. The device of claim 5 which includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal to the antenna elements for delivery to the detector mixer unit, and in which the detector mixer unit is a beam lead diode, and the signal output means is connected to the second ends of the antenna elements for delivering output signals from the antenna elements.

7. An integrated receiver antenna device comprising a pair of antenna elements providing a spiral antenna for receiving radio frequency signals over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit, the elements each having first and second ends and providing a pair of interwound conductive windings with their first ends positioned proximate to each other at the center of the antenna for providing sensitivity at the high frequency limit of received radio frequency signals and having their second ends displaced from the first ends and positioned at the periphery of the antenna, a flat plate of non conductive material supporting on a flat surface thereof the conductive windings of the spiral antenna, a supporting body having a conductive wall with an opening providing a cavity therein, and in which the plate is supported over the opening of the body for enclosing its cavity, a detector mixer unit connected between and positioned proximate to the first ends of the antenna elements for deriving radio frequency signals received by the antenna elements, signal input means for supplying an input signal providing an oscillating signal at the detector mixer unit for producing an output signal which is an intermediate frequency signal, and signal output means connected to the antenna elements at a location substantially displaced from the detector mixer unit for receiving the output signal from locations proximate to the second ends of the antenna elements, and in which the signal input means includes a signal conducting means having a first signal conductor providing the input signal to the detector mixer unit and a second conductor which is returned to the conductive wall of the body, and the signal output means includes signal conducting means having a first conductor connecting with one of the second ends of the pair of windings of the antenna and a second conductor returned to the conductive wall of the body and first and second signal terminating means respectively returning the second ends of the antenna elements to the conductive wall of the body, and the signal output means delivers a biasing signal to the detector mixing unit through the windings of the antenna.

8. The device of claim 7 in which the signal conducting means of the signal input means is a coaxial transmission line having a center conductor for providing the input signal to the detector mixer unit and an outer conductor which is returned to the conductive wall of the body, the signal output means is a coaxial transmission line having a center conductor connected to the second end of one of the antenna elements and an outer conductor returned to the conductive wall of the body, and the first and second terminating means comprise a pair of resistor elements respectively connecting the second ends of the antenna elements to the conductive wall of the body.

9. The device of claim 8 which includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal to the antenna elements for delivery to the detector mixer unit, and in which the detector mixer unit is a beam lead diode, and the signal output means is connected to the second ends of the antenna elements for delivering output signals from the antenna elements.

10. The device of claim 8 in which the windings of the antenna and the detector mixer unit are positioned on the external surface of the plate enclosing the cavity of the body, the plate on its internal surface has a conductive area opposite to the first ends of the windings and the detector mixer unit, the coaxial transmission line of the signal input means and the coaxial transmission line of the signal output means extend into the cavity of the body through its wall, the center wire of the signal input means connects with the conductive area of the plate for providing the input signal to the detector mixer unit, and the center conductor of the signal output means extends through the plate to connect with the one of the second ends of the windings of the antenna.

11. The device of claim 8 in which the coaxial transmission line of the signal input means and the coaxial transmission line of the signal output means extend into the cavity of the body through its wall, the center wire of the signal input means is connected to one side of the detector mixer unit to provide the input signal, and the center conductor of the signal output means connects with the one of the second ends of the antenna elements.

12. The device of claim 11 in which the windings of the antenna are positioned on the external surface of the plate enclosing the cavity of the body, the center wire of the signal input means is joined directly by a connection extending through the plate to one side of the detector mixer unit to provide the input signal to the detector mixer unit, and the center conductor of the signal output means extends through the plate to connect with the one of the second ends of the antenna elements.

13. The device of claim 12 which includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal to the output means for delivery through the antenna elements to the detector mixer unit, and in which the detector mixer unit is a beam lead diode, and the signal output means is connected to the second ends of the antenna elements for delivering output signals from the antenna elements.

14. The device of claim 11 in which the detector mixer unit comprises a plurality of parallel connected diodes at least one of which is a step recovery diode for producing a plurality of superimposed intermediate frequency signals for providing the output signal.

15. The device of claim 14 which includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal to the antenna elements for delivery to the detector mixer unit, and in which the detector mixer unit includes a beam lead diode, and the signal output means is connected to the second ends of the antenna elements for delivering output signals from the antenna elements.

16. An integrated receiver antenna device comprising a pair of antenna elements providing a spiral antenna for receiving radio frequency signals over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit, the elements each having first and second ends and providing a pair of interwound conductive windings with their first ends positioned proximate to each other at the center of the antenna for providing sensitivity at the high frequency limit of received radio frequency signals and having their second ends displaced from the first ends and positioned at the periphery of the antenna, a flat plate of non conductive material supporting on a flat surface thereof the conductive windings of the spiral antenna, a supporting body having a conductive wall with an opening providing a cavity therein, and in which the plate is supported over the opening of the body for enclosing its cavity with the windings of the antenna and the detector mixer unit on the external surface of the plate, a detector mixer unit connected between and positioned proximate to the first ends of the antenna elements for deriving radio frequency signals received by the antenna elements, signal input means for supplying an input signal providing an oscillating signal at the detector mixer unit for producing an output signal which is an intermediate frequency signal, and signal output means connected to the antenna elements at a location substantially displaced from the detector mixer unit for receiving the output signal from locations proximate to the second ends of the antenna elements, and in which the signal conducting means of the signal input means is a wave guide extending into the cavity of the body having a signal radiating end proximate to the internal surface of the plate opposite the first ends of the windings and the detector mixer unit for providing the input signal to the detector mixer unit, and the signal output means is a coaxial transmission line having a center conductor connected to one of the second ends of the antenna elements and an outer conductor returned to the conductive wall of the body and includes terminating means comprising a pair of resistor elements respectively connecting the second ends of the antenna elements to the conducting wall of the body.

17. The device of claim 16 in which the signal output means delivers a biasing signal to the detector mixer unit through the windings of the antenna.

18. The device of claim 17 which includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal to the antenna elements for delivery to the detector mixer unit, and in which the detector mixer unit is a beam lead diode, and the signal output means is connected to the second ends of the antenna elements for delivering detected output signals from the antenna elements.

19. An integrated receiver antenna device comprising a pair of antenna elements providing a spiral antenna for receiving radio frequency signals over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit, the elements each having first and second ends and providing a pair of interwound conductive windings with their first ends positioned proximate to each other at the center of the antenna for providing sensitivity at the high frequency limit of received radio frequency signals and having their second ends displaced from the first ends and positioned at the periphery of the antenna, a flat plate of non conductive material supporting on a flat surface thereof the conductive windings of the spiral antenna, a supporting body having a conductive wall with an opening providing a cavity therein, and in which the plate is supported over the opening of the body for enclosing its cavity, a detector mixer unit connected between and positioned proximate to the first ends of the antenna elements for deriving radio frequency signals received by the antenna elements, signal input means for supplying an input signal providing an oscillating signal at the detector mixer unit for producing an output signal which is an intermediate frequency signal, and signal output means connected to the antenna elements at a location substantially displaced from the detector mixer unit for receiving the output signal from locations proximate to the second ends of the antenna elements, and in which the detector mixer unit is an oscillating signal generating diode, and the signal input and output means are provided by a signal conducting means for supplying the input signal and receiving the output signal having first and second conductors which extend into the cavity of the body and first and second signal terminating means respectively returning the second ends of the antenna elements to the conductive wall, the first conductor of the conducting means is connected with one of the second ends of the pair of windings and the second conductor is returned to the conductive wall of the body, and the conducting means delivers the input signal to the diode for causing the diode to generate an oscillating signal and to produce the intermediate frequency signal.

20. The device of claim 19 in which the signal conducting mean is a coaxial transmission line having a center conductor connecting with one of the second ends of the pair of windings of the antenna, and an outer conductor which is returned to the conductive wall of the body and the first and second signal terminating means comprise a pair of resistors respectively returning the second ends of the antenna elements to the conductive wall of the body.

21. The device of claim 20 in which the windings of the antenna and the detector mixer unit are on the external surface of the plate enclosing the cavity of the body, and the signal input and output means deliver a biasing signal to the diode of the detector mixer unit through the windings of the antenna for causing the diode to produce the oscillating signal.

22. The device of claim 21 which includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal to the signal conducting means for delivery through the antenna elements to the oscillating signal generating diode, and in which the oscillating signal generating diode is a negative resistance diode.

23. The device of claim 22 in which a resonant cavity means is provided within the cavity of the body proximate to the detector mixer device, and a capacitor device which provides a controlled variable capacitance is received within the resonant cavity means for adjusting the frequency of the oscillating signal generated by the diode of the detector mixer unit.

24. An integrated receiver antenna device comprising a pair of antenna elements providing a spiral antenna for receiving radio frequency signals over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit, the elements each having first and second ends and providing a pair of interwound conductive windings with their first ends positioned proximate to each other at the center of the antenna for providing sensitivity at the high frequency limit of received radio frequency signals and having their second ends displaced from the first ends and positioned at the periphery of the antenna, a flat plate of a non conducting material supporting on a flat surface thereof the conductive windings of the spiral antenna, a supporting body having a conductive wall with an opening providing a cavity therein, the plate is supported over the opening of the body for enclosing its cavity, a detector mixer unit comprising an oscillating signal generating diode connected between and positioned proximate to the first ends of the antenna elements for deriving radio frequency signals received by the antenna elements, signal input means for supplying an input signal providing an oscillating signal at the detector mixer unit for producing an output signal, and signal output means connected to the antenna elements at a location substantially displaced from the detector mixer unit for receiving the output signal, and in which the signal input and output means are provided by a signal conducting means for supplying the input signal and receiving the output signal having first and second conductors which extend into the cavity of the body and first and second signal terminating means respectively returning the second ends of the antenna elements to the conductive wall, the first conductor of the conducting means is connected with one of the second ends of the pair of windings and the second conductor is returned to the conductive wall of the body, and the conducting means delivers the input signal to the diode for causing the diode to generate an oscillating signal and for periodically quenching the oscillations in a superregenerative mode to provide a detected output signal.

25. The device of claim 24 in which the signal conducting mean is a coaxial transmission line having a center conductor which connects with the one of the second ends of the pair of windings of the antenna, and an outer conductor which is returned to the conductive wall of the body and the first and second signal terminating means comprise a pair of resistors respectively returning the second ends of the antenna elements to the conductive wall of the body.

26. The device of claim 25 in which the windings of the antenna and the detector mixer unit are on the external surface of the plate enclosing the cavity of the body, and the signal input and output means deliver a biasing signal to the diode of the detector mixer unit through the windings of the antenna for causing the diode to produce the oscillating signal and a quench signal for squenching the oscillations for providing the detected output signal.

27. The device of claim 26 which includes a voltage supply means for providing the biasing signal and a quench generator for providing a quench signal for delivery by the signal conducting means through the antenna elements to the oscillating signal generating diode, and in which the oscillating signal generating diode is a negative resistance diode.

28. The device of claim 27 in which a resonant cavity means is provided within the cavity of the body proximate to the detector mixer device, and a capacitor device which provides a controlled variable capacitance is received within the resonant cavity means for adjusting the frequency of the oscillating signal generated by the diode of the detector mixer unit.