Wearable tactile sensory aid providing information on voice pitch and intonation patterns

• US 4,581,491 A
• Filed: 05/04/1984
• Issued: 04/08/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 05/04/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Research Corporation
• Original Assignee: Research Corporation
• Inventors: Boothroyd, Arthur
• Primary Examiner(s): Rubinson, Gene Z.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Byrd, Danita R.
• Application Number:
  US06/607,077
• Time in Patent Office: 704 Days
• Field of Search: 179/107 FD, 179/107 R, 381/68, 381/69, 434/113, 434/114, 340/407
• US Class Current: 607/118
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 11/045 using mechanical stimulation of nerves
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 21/06 Transformation of speech into a non-audible representation, e.g. speech visualisation or speech processing for tactile aids G10L15/26 takes precedence

Abstract

A wearable tactile sensory aid which presents a vibratory signal representative of voice pitch and intonation patterns to the skin. The vibratory signal consists of a constant amplitude square wave having a frequency equal to, or some fraction of, the fundamental frequency of the speech input. The vibratory signal is applied as a tactile stimulus, and is displaced along a linear array of transducers in contact with the skin in proportion to the logarithm of the fundamental frequency. Accordingly, the wearable tactile display encodes the fundamental frequency to provide both frequency of actuation and spatial indications thereof.

Claims

1. A tactile sensory aid to be worn by a deaf person for detecting and providing to the person tactile information on the fundamental frequency of detected speech, encoded to provide both frequency of actuation and spatial indications thereof, comprising:

a. a transducer for detecting speech and providing an output speech signal indicative thereof;

b. a fundamental frequency analyzing means receiving said speech signal as an input and providing an output signal representative of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech;

c. a transducer array, to be attached to a tactile-sensitive area of the body of the deaf person, said transducer array defining a geometrical array such that the activation of a particular transducer within the geometrical array provides a spatial indication to the person of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech; and

d. a frequency analyzing means, receiving said output signal representative of the fundamental frequency, for detecting the frequency of the output signal of the fundamental frequency analyzing means and for energizing a particular transducer in the transducer array in dependence upon the logarithm of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech, such that the frequency of actuation of the transducer provides an indication of the fundamental speech frequency, while the location of the particular transducer in the geometric array simultaneously provides a spatial indication of the fundamental speech frequency.

2. A tactile sensory aid as claimed in claim 1, said fundamental frequency analyzing means providing a periodic output signal wherein each cycle thereof has first and second portions, and wherein said frequency analyzing means times the first portion of each cycle to determine the frequency of the periodic output signal, and thereby which transducer in the transducer array is to be activated, and then drives the activated transducer with the second portion of each cycle of the periodic waveform.

3. A tactile sensory aid as claimed in claim 2, said periodic output signal comprising a square wave signal having a first "off" portion thereof and a second positive, "on" portion.

4. A tactile sensory aid as claimed in claim 3, said square wave signal having a substantially 50% duty cycle.

5. A tactile sensory aid as claimed in claim 2, said fundamental frequency analyzing means including a shift register having a separate register output for each transducer in said transducer array and being driven by an internal clock, said fundamental frequency analyzing means producing a square wave output signal at the detected fundamental frequency, and said shift register measuring the "off" portion of said square wave output signal, and directing the "on" portion of the square wave output signal to a particular transducer in accordance with the measured "off" portion.

6. A tactile sensory aid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tactile aid is portable and further includes a portable battery power supply, to be carried by the person, for providing electrical power for said detecting transducer, said fundamental frequency analyzing means, said portable transducer array, and said frequency analyzing means.

7. A tactile sensory aid to be worn by a deaf person for detecting and providing to the person tactile information on the fundamental frequency of detected speech, encoded to provide both frequency of actuation and spatial indications thereof, comprising:

a. a transducer for detecting speech and providing an output speech signal indicative thereof;

b. a fundamental frequency analyzing means receiving said speech signal as an input and providing an output signal representative of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech;

c. a transducer array, to be attached to a tactile-sensitive area of the body of the deaf person, said transducer array defining a geometrical array such that the activation of a particular transducer within the geometrical array provides a spatial indication to the person of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech; and

d. a frequency analyzing means, receiving said output signal representative of the fundamental frequency, for detecting the frequency of the output signal and for energizing a particular transducer in the transducer array depending upon the detected frequency, with a signal representative of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech, such that the frequency of actuation of the transducer provides an indication of the fundamental speech frequency, while the location of the particular transducer in the geometric array simultaneously provides a spatial indication of the fundamental speech frequency, said fundamental frequency analyzing means including a shift register having a separate register output for each transducer in said transducer array and being driven by an internal clock, said fundamental frequency analyzing means producing a square wave output signal at the detected fundamental frequency, and said shift register measuring the off portion of the said square wave output signal, and directing the on portion of the square wave output signal to a particular transducer in accordance with the measured off portion.

10. A tactile sensory aid as claimed in claim 7, said square wave signal having a substantially 50% duty cycle.

8. A tactile sensory aid to be worn by a deaf person for detecting and providing to the person tactile information on the fundamental frequency of detected speech, encoded to provide both frequency of actuation and spatial indications thereof, comprising:

b. a fundamental frequency analyzing means receiving said speech signal as an input and providing an output signal representative of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech;

c. a transducer array, to be attached to a tactile-sensitive area of the body of the deaf person, said transducer array defining a geometrical array such that the activation of a particular transducer within the geometrical array provides a spatial indication to the person of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech; and

d. a frequency analyzing means, receiving said output signal representative of the fundamental frequency, for detecting the frequency of the output signal and for energizing a particular transducer in the transducer array depending upon the detected frequency, with a signal representative of the fundamental frequency of the detected speech, such that the frequency of actuation of the transducer provides an indication of the fundamental speech frequency, while the location of the particular transducer in the geometric array simultaneously provides a spatial indication of the fundamental speech frequency, said fundamental frequency analyzing means providing a periodic output signal wherein each cycle thereof has first and second portions, and wherein said frequency analyzing means times the first portion of each cycle to determine the frequency of the periodic output signal, and thereby which transducer in the transducer array is to be activated, and then drives the activated transducer with the second portion of each cycle of the periodic waveform.

9. A tactile sensory aid as claimed in claim 8, said periodic output signal comprising a square wave signal having a first "off" portion thereof and a second positive, "on" portion.