Optical switch, and a matrix of such switches

• US 4,582,391 A
• Filed: 03/29/1983
• Issued: 04/15/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Amphenol Corporation
• Original Assignee: Socapex
• Inventors: Legrand, Jacques
• Primary Examiner(s): Sikes, William L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ullah, Akm E.
• Application Number:
  US06/480,125
• Time in Patent Office: 1,113 Days
• Field of Search: 350/96.15, 350/96.20, 350/267, 350/280
• US Class Current: 385/17
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/004 based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/0875 by means of one or more refracting elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3512 the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3514 the reflective optical element moving along a line so as to translate into and out of the beam path, i.e. across the beam path
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3522 the optical element enabling or impairing total internal reflection using evanescent coupling G02B6/3536
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3538 based on displacement or deformation of a liquid controlling the intensity of light by displacement or deformation of a fluid in general G02B26/004; fluid-filled lens of variable focal length G02B3/14
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/355 1x2 switch, i.e. one input and a selectable single output of two possible outputs
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3552 1x1 switch, e.g. on/off switch
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3572 Magnetic force magnetic forces controlling reflecting elements in general G02B26/085; magneto-optic devices G02F1/09

Abstract

A light ray (6) passes through a light-passing region of a transparent wall (1). Adjacent to said light passing region there is a wettable drop-receiving region (4,5) with a liquid (7,8) thereon. A moving member (11,12) has a rest position in which the liquid is free to occupy only the wettable drop-receiving region, and a working position in which it moves at least a portion of the liquid onto the light-passing region, thereby modifying the light ray (6). Various kinds of switches, such as an on/off switch or a deflector switch, can be devised by suitable choice of the liquid (e.g. its refractive index, or its reflecting properties), and the angle of incidence of the light ray (6). The moving member may be controlled electromagnetically.

Claims

1. An optical switch comprising:

a plate having a light-passing region suitable for passing an incident ray of light;

at least one wettable drop-receiving region disposed on the surface of said plate adjacent said light-passing region;

at least one non-wettable raised region disposed on the surface of said plate adjacent said at least one drop-receiving region and disposed away from said light passing region;

at least one drop of liquid received on said at least one wettable drop-receiving region, said at least one drop of liquid having a crown portion which extends above said at least one non-wettable raised region; and

a moving member selectively movable between a rest position and a working position, said moving member in said rest position being displaced away from said at least one non-wettable raised region thereby allowing said at least one drop of liquid to be maintained in the shape of at least one droplet by surface tension on said at least one wettable drop receiving region with said crown portion extending above said at least one non-wettable raised region, and said moving member in said working position contacting said at least one non-wettable raised region so as to form a channel region extending across said light-passing region of said plate, said moving member in said working position also engaging with said crown of said at least one drop of liquid to thereby flatten and drive said at least one drop of liquid along said channel and across said light passing region, wherein said flattened at least one drop of liquid is substantially maintained against said light passing region by said moving member and said at least one non-wettable raised region thereby causing the propagation of the incident light ray to be modified by the ray encountering said flattened out at least one drop of liquid.

2. An optical switch according to claim 1, wherein the moving member is a moving plate having a transparent region situated on the path of said light ray.

3. An optical switch according to claim 2, wherein said moving plate has a region of magnetic material thereon, and wherein said switch includes electro-magnetic control means for moving said moving plate between its rest and working positions.

4. An optial switch according to claim 2, wherein said at least one drop of liquid comprises at least two drops of liquid and said transparent region of the moving plate is a central region thereof, and wherein, in its rest position, said plate rests on said at least two drops of liquid situated on either side of said transparent central region.

5. An optical switch according to claim 4, wherein said plate, in its rest position, comes into contact with a second plate which, together with said plate having said wettable drop-receiving region, constitutes a housing around said moving plate.

6. An optical switch according to claim 4, wherein said wettable drop-receiving region is surrounded by a raised region of said plate, said raised region being interrupted by a channel into which the liquid penetrates when the moving member is in the working position.

7. An optical switch according to claim 1, wherein said liquid is a reflecting liquid, and wherein the switch includes means for directing at least one incident light ray perpendicularly to said plate, thereby constituting an optical on/off switch.

8. An optical switch according to claim 1, wherein said liquid is a reflecting liquid, and wherein the switch includes means for directing at least one incident light ray at a given angle other than perpendicularly to said plate, thereby constituting an optical deflector.

9. An optical switch according to claim 1, including means for directing at least one incident light ray at a given angle other than perpendicularly to said plate for total reflection thereon, and wherein said liquid has an index of refraction such that when the moving member is in the working position, at least a portion of the light ray is transmitted.

10. An optical switch according to claim 9, wherein said moving member has a light ray exit face perpendicular to the indicent direction of the light ray.

11. A switch matrix comprising a plurality of optical switches according to claim 1 disposed one after the other along the path of an incident light ray.

12. An optical switch according to claim 1 comprising at least two electrically separated wettable regions, whereby said liquid is a conductive liquid and wherein electrical output terminals are provided which are in contact with respective ones of said at least two electrically separated wettable regions, said wettable regions being conductive, said movable member driving said conductive liquid into contact with both of said two electrically separated wettable regions, whereby the correct operation of the switch can be checked.