Non-scanning integrated optical system with wide field of view search capability

• US 4,585,948 A
• Filed: 03/15/1983
• Issued: 04/29/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Agriculture
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
• Inventors: Schneider, Richard T., Long, James F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Westin, Edward P.
• Application Number:
  US06/475,676
• Time in Patent Office: 1,141 Days
• Field of Search: 250/578, 250/216, 250/201, 250/204, 250/203 R, 250/203 CT, 356/4, 356/152, 358/212, 358/213, 364/514, 364/516, 364/517, 382/42, 382/65, 350/167, 350/441, 350/451
• US Class Current: 250/208.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0209 Monolithic
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/04 Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0411 using focussing or collimating elements, i.e. lenses or mirrors; Aberration correction
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0422 using light concentrators, collectors or condensers
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0425 using optical fibers
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0437 using masks, aperture plates, spatial light modulators, spatial filters, e.g. reflective filters
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/4228 arrangements with two or more detectors, e.g. for sensitivity compensation
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/781 Details
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/783 using amplitude comparison of signals derived from static detectors or detector systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 3/0043 Inhomogeneous or irregular arrays, e.g. varying shape, size, height
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 3/0056 arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses G02B3/0043 takes precedence; miniaturised objectives for electronic devices employing wafer level optics G02B13/0085

Abstract

Very wide field of view optical surveillance is realized without scanning or moving parts by means of an integrated multiaperture optical system. The system utilizes light gathering optics in the form of an array of eyelets or lens apertures that direct in-coming light onto a detector layer. The detection layer consists of individual detectors, more than one to a lens. Under the detector layer there is a correlation layer, which contains a memory cell for each detector and circuitry which connects to neighboring memory cells according to a hard wired program. Below the correlation layer is a processing layer which contains microprocessor circuitry allowing further processing of the acquired information. Outlines of objects seen by the system are defined by the microprocessor circuitry using an edge detecting routine. A detected object is identified by correlation with a single number recognition coefficient. The microprocessor circuit includes a memory matrix in which is stored recognition coefficient for objects of interest. The lens aperture can be configured to form either apposition or neural superportion images and algorithms for processing information obtained by both modes of operation are developed. The data processing circuitry is implemented by means of large scale integrated circuit technology whereby the memories in the correlation layer are physically located directly below their associated detectors.

Claims

1. An integrated multiaperture optical system for viewing a scene, forming an image thereof and detecting and identifying targets therefrom, said optical system comprising;

a two dimensional array of lens aperture menbers, each said lens aperture member comprising a cylindrical member having first and second lenses disposed therein, said lenses being spaced apart and movable along the major axis of said cylindrical member, each said lens aperture member being oriented to direct electromagnetic wave energy from a discrete region of said scene to a discrete portion of a common locus, the organization and arrangement of said lens aperture members being such that individual discrete portions of the common locus defined by adjacent lens aperture members are substantially contiguous and, collectively, the total of said discrete portions receive electromagnetic wave energy from the total scene being viewed, whereby a quantized replica of said scene is displayed on said common locus,

detector means located at said locus and receiving electromagnetic wave energy from said lens aperture members, said detector means comprising a multi-element detector for each said lens aperture member, each element of each said multi-element detector generating data signals in response to received electromagnetic wave energy,

a correlation circuit having a memory for each element of each said multi-element detector, each said memory receiving and storing data from its associated detector element, and

computer means having a memory matrix, said memory matrix receiving and storing data from said correlation circuit memories and said computer means processing the data stored in said memory matrix.

2. An integrated multiaperture optical system as defined in claim 1 wherein said correlation circuit includes, in combination with each memory,

an amplifier receiving and amplifying the detector element output, and

an analog/digital converter receiving and digitizing the output of said amplifier, the digitized output thereof being read into its associated memory.

3. An integrated multiaperture optical system as defined in claim 2 wherein said correlation circuit is a large scale integrated circuit.

4. An integrated multiaperture optical system as defined in claim 3 wherein each correlation circuit memory is physically located below and in close proximity to its associated detector element.

5. An integrated multiaperture optical system as defined in claim 1 wherein said memory matrix contains a look-up table of selected object identification numbers, and said computer means constructs image edge line representations from data in said correlation circuit memories and effects identification of correlations thereof with object identification numbers.

6. An integrated multiaperture optical system as defined in claim 5 wherein said multiple element detectors form a matrix in correlation with said array of lens aperture member and each said object identification number is a function of a selected object edge line representation with elements of said multiple element detector matrix.

7. An integrated multiaperture optical system as defined in claim 1 wherein at least some of said lens aperture members have an optical configuration and orientation adapted to form an apposition image at said locus.

8. An integrated multiaperture optical system as defined in claim 1 wherein at least some of said lens aperture members have an optical configuration and orientation adapted to form a neural superposition image at said locus.