Document having light-transmissive, electrically conductive authenticating interior layer

• US 4,591,189 A
• Filed: 12/27/1983
• Issued: 05/27/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Holmen, Reynold E., Downing, Edward J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bell, Paul A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Heyrana, Sr., Paul M.
• Application Number:
  US06/565,452
• Time in Patent Office: 882 Days
• Field of Search: 283/82, 283/83, 283/84, 283/85, 283/86, 283/57, 283/91, 283/109, 283/94, 428/204
• US Class Current: 283/83
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 2033/10 Metallic material
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 2033/32 Other material
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 2035/02 Nature of the markings
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 2035/06 Picture of the user
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 2035/08 Alphanumerical data
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 2035/20 Optical effects
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/00 Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof printing processes to produce identification or security features B41M3/14
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/21 for multiple purposes
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/23 Identity cards
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/24 Passports
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/309 Photographs
• CPC Class Codes: B42D 25/373 Metallic materials
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/086 by passive credit-cards adapted therefor, e.g. constructive particularities to avoid counterfeiting, e.g. by inclusion of a physical or chemical security-layer for security documents G07D7/00; for the reading of record-carriers in general G06K7/00; for the design of coded credit-cards G06K19/10
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24876 Intermediate layer contains particulate material [e.g., pigment, etc.]

Abstract

A standardized document such as a credit card has a thin, light-transmissive, electrically conductive interior layer, the impedance, capacitance, or conductance of which can be sensed to indicate the authenticity of the document. When the document is cut to expose a new edge, the authenticating layer at that edge is not visible to the naked eye and hence should foil the ordinary counterfeiter.

Claims

1. A standardized document including an authenticating interior layer which is light-transmissive and has an area of at least 1 mm², a thickness less than 20 nm, and an electrical resistivity less than 1000 ohms per square wherein the authenticating layer is sandwiched between antireflective thin film layers and, when the document is cut through the authenticating layer to expose a new edge, the authenticating layer at the edge is not visible to the naked eye.

2. Document as defined in claim 1 wherein the authenticating layer has a thickness less than 20 nm and a resistivity less than 1000 ohms per square.

3. Document as defined in claim 2 wherein the authenticating layer comprises silver and is sandwiched between two thin film layers of zinc sulfide.

4. Document as defined in claim 2 wherein the authenticating layer comprises gold sandwiched between two thin film layers selected from bismuth trioxide and titanium dioxide.

5. Document as defined in claim 1 wherein the authenticating layer has a transmissivity to visible light of at least 70%.

6. Document as defined in claim 1 wherein the authenticating layer has a transmissivity to visible light of at least 85%.

7. Document as defined in claim 1 wherein the authenticating layer comprises a material selected from indium-tin oxide, gold, silver, nickel, chromium, copper, platinum, tin, aluminum, stainless steel, and inconel.

8. Document as defined in claim 1 wherein said authenticating layer is coextensive with the document.

9. Document as defined in claim 1 wherein said authenticating layer is less than coextensive with the document.

10. Document as defined in claim 9 wherein said authenticating layer is only at selected discrete areas.

11. Document as defined in claim 10 wherein said authenticating layer is laterally electrically conductive and extends to at least two different edges of the document.

12. Document as defined in claim 11 wherein said authenticating layer forms a plurality of independent paths, each extending from one edge to at least one other edge of the document.

13. Document as defined in claim 12 wherein there are a plurality of electrically conductive terminals at said edges, each end of each of said paths contacting one of said terminals.

14. Document bearing visible indicia and comprising a plurality of laminae and including as an authenticating interior layer a lamina of electrically conductive material having an electrical resistivity less than 1000 ohms per square and a transmissivity to visible light of at least 70%, wherein said authenticating interior layer comprises a conductive thin film sandwiched between antireflective thin film layers.