Teaching or amusement apparatus
First Claim
1. Apparatus for use in amusement, manual coordination, teaching, educational evaluation and related purposes, said apparatus comprising a substrate for use in conjunction with a manually manipulatable infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device;
- said substrate comprising;
a sheet of material having determined transparency and reflectivity to infra-red illumination and having opposed major planar surfaces;
printed matter in any desired organization applied to at least one of said major planar surfaces of said substrate in printings of infra-red transparent inks in selected screen densities to provide coloring on said surface of desired color, hue and intensity;
selected portions of said printed matter including at least one printing of infra-red transparent ink and an additional printing in a carbon black infra-red absorptive ink in a sufficiently small screen of dots to minimize visually observed discoloration and graying of said infra-red transparent ink, and to minimize visual detection of the presence of said carbon black ink dots, but, sufficient to cause a detectable drop in infra-red reflectance at said selected portions when said selected portions are illuminated with infra-red light; and
,other portions of said printed matter including screens of said printing of blue, red, and yellow infra-red transparent inks in blue, red and yellow ink combinations simulating the visually observed discoloration and graying of said selected portions caused by the presence of said carbon black ink dots in said selected portions, and, to simulate dots of infra-red transparent non-carbon black ink substantially matching said dots of infra-red absorptive carbon black ink in visually observed discoloration and light absorptance characteristics, whereby;
casual visual inspection of said substrate will fail to reveal differences in the composition of the inks used in the printing of the respective selected portions and said other portions, but, scanning of said printed substrate with said infra-red emitting and reflectance measuring device will enable differentiation by said device between said selected portions and said other portions.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Teaching or amusement apparatus consists of a substrate bearing printed intelligence and a detector pen or unit for use therewith. The detector pen discriminates between areas on the printed substrate by means not visible to the naked eye e.g. by a difference in magnetic properties, infrared reflective properties or capacitative properties of different parts of the printing. Depending on the type of printing and the degree of complexity of detection, a wide variety of games and teaching aids may be produced using this basic approach. A typical example is a quiz game where a question may be followed by five printed answers, only one of which is correct, that correct one being printed in a detectably different way from the others.
156 Citations
26 Claims
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1. Apparatus for use in amusement, manual coordination, teaching, educational evaluation and related purposes, said apparatus comprising a substrate for use in conjunction with a manually manipulatable infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device;
- said substrate comprising;
a sheet of material having determined transparency and reflectivity to infra-red illumination and having opposed major planar surfaces; printed matter in any desired organization applied to at least one of said major planar surfaces of said substrate in printings of infra-red transparent inks in selected screen densities to provide coloring on said surface of desired color, hue and intensity; selected portions of said printed matter including at least one printing of infra-red transparent ink and an additional printing in a carbon black infra-red absorptive ink in a sufficiently small screen of dots to minimize visually observed discoloration and graying of said infra-red transparent ink, and to minimize visual detection of the presence of said carbon black ink dots, but, sufficient to cause a detectable drop in infra-red reflectance at said selected portions when said selected portions are illuminated with infra-red light; and
,other portions of said printed matter including screens of said printing of blue, red, and yellow infra-red transparent inks in blue, red and yellow ink combinations simulating the visually observed discoloration and graying of said selected portions caused by the presence of said carbon black ink dots in said selected portions, and, to simulate dots of infra-red transparent non-carbon black ink substantially matching said dots of infra-red absorptive carbon black ink in visually observed discoloration and light absorptance characteristics, whereby; casual visual inspection of said substrate will fail to reveal differences in the composition of the inks used in the printing of the respective selected portions and said other portions, but, scanning of said printed substrate with said infra-red emitting and reflectance measuring device will enable differentiation by said device between said selected portions and said other portions. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
- said substrate comprising;
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6. Apparatus for use in amusement, manual coordination, teaching, educational evaluation and related purposes, said appratus comprising a substrate for use in conjunction with a manually manipulatable infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device;
- said substrate comprising;
a sheet of material having determined transparency and reflectivity to infra-red illumination and having opposed major planar surfaces; printed matter in any desired organization applied to at least one of said major planar surfaces of said substrate in printings of infra-red transparent inks in selected screen densities to provide coloring on said surface of desired color, hue and intensity; selected portions of said printed matter including at least one printing of infra-red transparent ink and an additional printing in a carbon black infra-red absorptive ink, and comprising first selected portions, second selected portions and third selected portions; said first selected portions comprising up to 15% screen of carbon black ink dots per unit area; said second selected portions comprising a screen of 15-70% of carbon black ink dots per unit area; and
,said third selected portions comprising a screen in excess of 70% carbon black ink dots per unit area; at least said second and third selected portions having an absorbancy to infra-red sufficient to cause a detectable drop in infra-red reflectance at said second and third selected portions when each of said selected portions are illuminated with infra-red light; other portions of said printed matter including screens of said printing of blue, red and yellow infra-red transparent inks in blue, red and yellow ink combinations simulating the visually observed discoloration and graying of said selected portions caused by the presence of said carbon black ink dots in said selected portions, and, to simulate dots of infra-red transparent non-carbon black ink substantially matching said dots of infra-red absorptive carbon black ink in visually observed discoloration and light absorptance characteristics, whereby; casual visual inspection of said substrate will fail to reveal differences in the composition of the inks used in the printing of the respective first and second selected portions, but, scanning of said printed substrate with said infra-red emitting and reflectance measuring device will enable differentiation by said device between said first, second and third said selected portions and said other portions. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9)
- said substrate comprising;
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10. Apparatus for use in amusement, manual coordination, teaching, educational evaluation and related purposes, said apparatus comprising in combination, a substrate, and an infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device;
- said substrate comprising;
a sheet of material having determined transparency and reflectivity to infra-red illumination and having opposed major planar surfaces; printed matter in any desired organization applied to at least one of said major planar surfaces of said substrate in printings of infra-red transparent inks in selected screen densities to provide coloring on said surface of desired color, hue and intensity; selected portions of said printed matter including at least one printing of infra-red transparent ink and an additional printing in a carbon black infra-red absorptive ink in a sufficiently small screen of dots to minimize visually observed discoloration and graying of said infra-red transparent ink and minimize visual detection of the presence of said carbon black ink dots, but, sufficient to cause a detectable drop in infra-red reflectance at said selected portions when said selected portions are illuminated with infra-red light; and
,other portions of said printed matter including screens of said printing of blue, red, and yellow infra-red transparent inks in blue, red and yellow ink combinations simulating the visually observed discoloration and graying of said selected portions caused by the presence of said carbon black ink dots in said selected portions, and, to simulate dots of infra-red transparent non-carbon black ink substantially matching said dots of infra-red absorptive carbon black ink in visually observed discoloration and light absorptance characteristics, whereby; casual visual inspection of said substrate will fail to reveal differences in the composition of the inks used in the printing of the respective selected portions and said other portions, but, scanning of said printed substrate with said infra-red emitting and reflectance measuring device will enable differentiation by said device between said selected portions and said other portions; said infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device including; a hand-holdable and manipulatable body; a source of infra-red emission incorporated into said body; means for activating said source of infra-red emission when said device is brought into proximity with said substrate; means for directing said infra-red emission onto a selected portion of said substrate and the matter printed thereon when said means for directing said infra-red emission is brought into proximity with said substrate and said source of infra-red emission is activated; and means for collecting and measuring the intensity of infra-red radiation reflected from said substrate. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
- said substrate comprising;
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16. Apparatus for use in amusement, manual coordination, teaching, educational evaluation and related purposes, said apparatus comprising, in combination, a substrate and a manually manipulatable infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device;
- said substrate comprising;
a sheet of material having determined transparency and reflectivity to infra-red illumination and having opposed major planar surfaces; printed matter in any desired organization applied to at least one of said major planar surfaces of said substrate in printings of infra-red transparent inks in selected screen densities to provide coloring on said surface of desired color, hue and intensity; selected portions of said printed matter including at least one printing of infra-red transparent ink and an additional printing in a carbon black infra-red absorptive ink, and comprising first selected portions, second selected portions and third selected portions; said first selected portions comprising up to 15% screen of carbon black ink dots per unit area; said second selected portions comprising a screen of 15-70% of carbon black ink dots per unit area; and
,said third selected portions comprising a screen in excess of 70% carbon black ink dots per unit area; at least said second and third selected portions having an absorbancy to infra-red sufficient to cause a detectable drop in infra-red reflectance at said second and third selected portions when each of said selected portions are illuminated with infra-red light; other portions of said printed matter including screens of said printing of blue, red and yellow infra-red transparent inks in blue, red and yellow ink combinations simulating the visually observed discoloration and graying of said selected portions caused by the presence of said carbon black ink dots in said selected portions, and, to simulate dots of infra-red transparent non-carbon black ink substantially matching said dots of infra-red absorptive carbon black ink in visually observed discoloration and light absorptance characteristics, whereby; casual visual inspection of said substrate will fail to reveal differences in the composition of the inks used in the printing of the respective first and second selected portions, but, scanning of said printed substrate with said infra-red emitting and reflectance measuring device will enable differentiation by said device between said first, second and third said selected portions and said other portions; said infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device including; a hand-holdable and manipulatable body; a source of infra-red emission incorporated into said body; means for activating said source of infra-red emission when said device is brought into proximity with said substrate; means for directing said infra-red emission onto a selected portion of said substrate and the matter printed thereon when said means for directing said infra-red emission is brought into proximity with said substrate and said source of infra-red emission is activated; and means for collecting and measuring the intensity of infra-red radiation reflected from said substrate. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19)
- said substrate comprising;
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20. Apparatus for use in amusement, manual coordination, teaching, educational evaluation and related purposes, said apparatus comprising a substrate for use in conjunction with a manually manipulatable infra-red emitting and infra-red reflectance measuring device:
- said substrate comprising;
a sheet of material having determined transparency and reflectivity to infra-red illumination and having opposed major planar surfaces; printed matter of any desired hue, color, intensity and organization applied to said substrate in first determined areas, and printed matter of any desired hue, color, intensity and organization applied to said substrate in second determined areas separate from said first determined areas, said respective printings of printed matter including; at least one printing within the extent of said first determined areas comprised of infra-red transparent ink having insufficient carbon black content to cause detection of absorption of infra-red light when said first determined areas are illuminated with infra-red light by said scanner and scanned by said scanner; at least one printing within the extent of said second determined areas comprised of infra-red transparent ink together with carbon black in a sufficient minor quantity to cause detection of absorption of infra-red light above a determined threshold when said second determined areas are illuminated with infra-red light by said scanner and scanned by said scanner; the carbon black included in said at least one printing of said second determined areas being dispersed substantially uniformly throughout the entire extent of said areas, and being present in insufficient quantity to enable visual detection of the presence of said carbon black; the color, hue and intensity of the infra-red transparent ink included in said at least one printing of said second determined areas being selected to intentionally visually obscure and obfuscate the presence of carbon black within the printing of said second determined areas. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
- said substrate comprising;
Specification