Articulated prosthetic wrist

• US 4,613,331 A
• Filed: 10/05/1984
• Issued: 09/23/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 10/05/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: University of Utah (State of Utah)
• Original Assignee: University of Utah (State of Utah)
• Inventors: Jacobsen, Stephen C., Wright, deceased, Harlan R., Pendell, general personal representative, by Gail J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Frinks, Ronald L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US06/658,192
• Time in Patent Office: 718 Days
• Field of Search: 3/12.4, 3/12.5, 3/12.6, 901/28, 901/29, 901/18, 403/90, 403/129, 403/131, 403/146, 623/65, 623/61, 623/62, 623/24, 623/25
• US Class Current: 623/61
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/585 Wrist joints
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 403/32311 Ball and socket
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 403/32688 Spring biased segments
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 403/32704 Stud extends into ball

Abstract

The present invention provides an articulated artificial wrist capable of simple repositioning of an artificial hand attached thereto. A presently preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a contractible spherical ball assembly that is normally expanded so as to tightly fit within a socket assembly. An actuating lever is provided such that, upon actuation, the lever causes contraction of the ball assembly, which allows for repositioning of the artificial hand. Release of the actuating lever secures the artificial hand in its new orientation by permitting the ball assembly to reexpand within the socket assembly. A second embodiment further provides for motorized rotation of the artificial hand independent of use of the actuating lever.

Claims

1. An articulated artificial wrist for use with a hand prosthesis, comprising:

contractible ball means, said ball means comprising two semispherical ball members and bias means positioned between the semispherical ball members so as to bias the two semispherical ball members apart to a normally expanded configuration;

connecting means having proximal and distal ends, said proximal end being secured to the ball means and said distal end being secured to the hand prosthesis;

socket means for receiving the ball means, said socket means adapted to secure the ball means in a desired orientation when the ball means is in the normally expanded configuration;

means for contracting the ball means such that, when contracted, said two semispherical ball members are both released from engagement with said socket means and the ball means is capable of being positioned within the socket means; and

means for securing said socket means to a limb prosthesis for attachment to the remaining portion of an amputated limb.

2. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 wherein the socket means is substantially spherical in shape.

3. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 wherein the ball means is secured to the proximal end of an artificial hand and the socket means is secured to an artificial forearm.

4. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 wherein the ball means further comprises an annular member positioned between the two semispherical ball members.

5. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 4 wherein the bias means comprises two spring washers, with one spring washer being positioned between the annular member and the respective semispherical ball members.

6. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 5 wherein said two semispherical ball members comprise proximal and distal semispherical ball members, and said connecting means comprises a shaft member having a proximal end secured to the proximal semispherical ball member, said shaft member passing through the spring washers, the annular member, and the distal semispherical ball member, and said shaft member being secured on its distal end to the hand prosthesis.

7. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 wherein the ball means and the socket means have a substantial area of surface contact which fixedly secures the ball member within the socket member when the ball member is in its normally expanded configuration.

8. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 wherein the ball means and the socket means have a substantial area of surface contact which fixedly secures the ball member within the socket member when the ball member is in its normally expanded configuration.

9. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 4 wherein the ball means and socket means have a substantial area of surface contact therebetween so as to firmly secure the ball member within the socket member when the ball member is in its normally expanded configuration.

10. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 wherein the socket means is provided with a resilient surface and wherein at least a portion of the surface of the ball means is provided with a texture suitable to assist in securing the ball means in a desired orientation.

11. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 further comprising an actuator means and wherein the actuator means may be actuated simultaneously as the hand prosthesis is grasped for reorientation.

12. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 6 further comprising an actuator assembly, said actuator assembly comprising:

an actuator mount secured to said shaft member proximally adjacent to the artificial hand; and

actuator means adapted to contract the ball assembly by applying pressure on the distal portion of the ball assembly when actuated.

13. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 12 wherein said actuator means comprises a pivotally mounted actuator lever having a portion in contact with a distal portion of the distal semispherical ball member, said actuator means being adapted to displace the distal semispherical ball member proximally when actuated.

14. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 1 further comprising means for effecting motorized rotation of the hand prosthesis without contracting said ball means.

15. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 6 further comprising means for effecting motorized rotation of the hand prosthesis without contracting said ball means.

16. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 15, wherein the means for effecting rotation of the hand prosthesis comprises a motor adapted to effect rotation of the shaft member without causing rotation of the ball assembly, such that rotation of the shaft causes rotation of the artificial hand secured thereto.

17. An articulated artificial wrist, comprising:

ball means, said ball means including a distal semispherical ball member and a proximal semispherical ball member, and means for biasing the semispherical ball members apart to a normally expanded configuration;

socket means for receiving the ball means, said socket means being adapted to secure the ball means in a desired orientation when the ball means is in a partially expanded configuration;

shaft means having a proximal end secured to the proximal semispherical ball member, the shaft means being secured on its distal end to an artificial hand;

means for contracting the ball means such that, when contracted, both semispherical ball members are released from engagement with said socket means and the ball means is capable of being repositioned within the socket means; and

support means for supporting the socket means on a forearm prosthesis adapted to be secured to the remaining portion of an amputated limb.

18. An articulated artificial wrist according to claim 17 wherein the ball means further comprises an annular member positioned between the semispherical ball members, said annular member having a diameter corresponding substantially to the diameter of the socket means.

19. An articulated artificial wrist according to claim 18, wherein the bias means comprises two spring washers, with one spring washer being positioned between the annular member and the respective semispherical ball members.

20. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 19 wherein said shaft means comprises a shaft member having a proximal end secured to the proximal semispherical ball member, said shaft member passing through the spring washers, the annular member, and the distal semispherical ball member, and said shaft member being secured on its distal end to the artificial hand.

21. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 17 wherein the ball means and the socket means have a substantial area of surface contact which fixedly secures the ball member within the socket member when the ball member is in its normally expanded configuration.

22. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 17 wherein the socket means is provided with a resilient surface and wherein at least a portion of the surface of the ball means is provided with a texture suitable to assist in securing the ball means in a desired orientation.

23. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 17 further comprising an actuator assembly, said actuator assembly comprising:

an actuator mount secured to said shaft means proximally adjacent to the artificial hand; and

actuator means adapted to contract the ball assembly by applying pressure on the distal portion of the ball assembly when actuated.

24. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 23 wherein said actuator assembly comprises a pivotally mounted actuator lever having a portion in contact with a distal portion of the distal semispherical ball member, said actuator means being adapted to displace the distal semispherical ball member proximally when actuated.

25. An articulated artificial wrist as defined in claim 17 further comprising means for effecting motorized rotation of the artificial hand without contracting said ball means.

26. A prosthetic arm having an articulated artificial wrist, comprising:

ball means secured to the proximal end of an artificial hand means, said ball means including a distal semispherical ball member and a proximal semispherical ball member, and means for biasing the semispherical ball members apart to a normally expanded configuration;

socket means for receiving the ball means, said socket means being secured to an artificial forearm, said artificial forearm adapted to be secured to the remaining portion of an amputated arm, said socket means being adapted to secure the ball means in a desired orientation when said ball means is in the normally expanded configuration; and

means for contracting the ball means such that, when contracted, both said semispherical ball members are released from engagement with the socket means and said ball means is capable of being repositioned within the socket means.

27. A method for positioning an artificial hand at a desired orientation with respect to an artificial forearm, comprising the steps of:

providing a prosthetic arm including artificial hand means secured to contractible ball means and socket means adapted to receive the ball means secured to artificial forearm means, said ball means being biased to a normally expanded configuration within the socket means so as to be secured in a desired orientation with the socket means;

contracting the ball means so that the ball means is released from engagement with the socket means and is capable of being repositioned within the socket means together with repositioning of the artificial hand means attached thereto;

positioning the artificial hand means to a desired orientation; and

causing the ball means to re-expand within the socket means so as to secure the ball means at its new orientation within the socket means.

28. A method for positioning an artificial hand as defined in claim 27 wherein the artificial wrist further includes an actuator member capable of contracting the ball means upon actuation thereof, and wherein the step of contracting the ball means is accomplished by actuating the actuator member.

29. A method for positioning an artificial hand as defined in claim 27, wherein the ball means comprises a distal semispherical ball member and a proximal semispherical ball member and bias means biasing said semispherical ball members apart, and a shaft member having a proximal end secured to the proximal semispherical ball member and extending through the bias means and distal semispherical ball member, and being secured on its distal end to the artificial hand.

30. A method for positioning an artificial hand as defined in claim 29 wherein the ball assembly further comprises an actuator assembly, said actuator assembly including an actuator mount secured to the shaft member proximally adjacent to the artificial hand, and actuator means adapted to contract the ball assembly by applying pressure on the distal portion of the ball assembly when actuated, and wherein the step of contracting the ball means is accomplished by actuating the actuator means.

31. A method for positioning an artificial hand as defined in claim 30 wherein the artificial hand is manually positioned to a new orientation by grasping the artificial hand, and wherein the actuator means is adapted to be actuated simultaneously with grasping the artificial hand so that the artificial hand may be easily repositioned.

32. A method for positioning an artificial hand as defined in claim 27 wherein the ball means is further provided with motorized means for rotating the artificial hand, and further comprising the step of rotating the artificial hand to a suitable angle.