Birth control method and device employing electric forces

• US 4,616,640 A
• Filed: 11/14/1983
• Issued: 10/14/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation Incorporated (Cornell University), Kaali Steven Penthouse E, SCHWOLSKY, PATER M. 4101 CATHEDRAL AVE., NW, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20016
• Original Assignee: Peter M. Schwolsky, Steven Kaali
• Inventors: Schwolsky, Peter M., Kaali, Steven, Porter, Joseph W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Johnson, Richard J.
• Application Number:
  US06/551,590
• Time in Patent Office: 1,065 Days
• Field of Search: 128/130, 128/788, 128/127, 128/131, 128/784, 128/785, 128/783, 128/736, 128/738, 128/775, 128/778, 429/96, 429/97, 429/98, 429/163, 429/121, 429/166, 604/891
• US Class Current: 128/833
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 6/146 Occluders for the cervical canal occluding by internal devices A61B17/12022; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/574 Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/581 in response to temperature
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A method and device for birth control which comprises producing an electrical force within the cervical canal of a female for acting on male sperm and preventing migration of the sperm through the cervical canal and into the uterine cavity. The electrical force is provided by a self-contained, sealed battery capable by itself of producing an electromotive force and is inserted within the cervical canal and retained therein over extended periods of use. The device is designed such that it does not impede the free flow of menstrual and other discharges through the cervical canal and is fabricated with or covered by biologically inert material so that it can be retained in place in the cervical canal for indefinite periods as long as desired by the user for birth control purposes. The device is provided with anchoring means which are designed to engage the wall of the cervical canal for securely holding the device in place within the cervical canal with the electric force producing electrodes so positioned as to be exposed to fluids passing through the cervical canal.

Claims

1. The method of birth control which comprises producing an electrical force within and about the cervical canal for preventing migration of male sperm through the cervical canal into the unterine cavity, said method comprising inserting a birth control device formed by a set of spaced-apart opposed low voltage electromotive force producing electrodes within at least the opening to the cervical canal and retaining it in place over extended periods of time and supplying an electromotive force of known voltage across the electrodes from an indepedent source of electric potential.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the birth control device for producing the electrical force is designed such that it does not substantially impede the free flow of menstrual and other fluid discharges through the cervical canal.

3. The method according to claim 2 wherein the birth control device includes a self contained sealed battery that provides the independent source of known electric potential and that is retained in place along with the electrodes for indefinite periods as long as desired by the user for birth control purposes.

4. The method according to claim 3 wherein the birth control device including the electrically conductive electromotive force producing electrodes are exposed to contact with any fluid within or about the cervical canal, the birth control device and said electrically conductive electrodes are fabricated from or covered by materials which are biologically inert and safe for physical contact with human and animal tissue over extended period of time, and the known electromotive force supplied across the electrodes is of the order of 3 volts.

5. The method according to claim 4 further including anchoring means attached to the birth control device and engaging the sides of the cervical canal for securely holding the device in place within the cervical canal.

6. The method according to claim 5 wherein a battery is used to energize the low voltage electrodes and the duty cycle on the battery is reduced by designing the birth control device to be maintained in an inactive state during periods when the cervical canal is dry, and wherein the electrically conductive electrodes are placed on the birth control device in a position where at least one of the electrodes does not normally engage tissue and maintains the battery in an inactive-off state unless exposed to fluid within the cervical canal to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery.

7. The method according to claim 6 wherein the electric force which acts on the male sperm and prevents its migration into the uterine cavity is in the form of an induced electric current flow through mucous fluid present in the cervical canal and/or electrostatic field forces acting on the sperm.

8. The method according to claim 7 further including sensing the temperature of the body of the user in whom the birth control device is implanted and activating the battery supplying the device to cause it to energize the electrode only upon the body temperature of the user reaching a predetermined higher than normal value.

9. The method according to claim 8 further including switching the battery energization of the electrodes between an inactive off and an energized on-state at a predesigned rate under conditions whereby the battery otherwise is enabled to supply electricity to the electrodes to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery further.

10. The method according to claim 7 further including switching the battery energization of the electrodes between an inactive off and an energized on-state at a predesigned rate under conditions whereby the battery otherwise is enabled to supply electricity to the electrodes to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery further.

11. The method according to claim 7 further including remotely switching the battery energization of the electrodes between an inactive off and an energized on-state and vice versa externally of the user'"'"'s body with a remote controlled actuator whereby the battery selectively is enabled to supply electricity to the electrodes under the external control of the user of the birth control device.

12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the birth control device including the electrically conductive electromotive force producing electrodes are exposed to any fluid within or about the cervical canal, the birth control device and said electrically conductive electrodes being fabricated from or covered by materials which are biologically inert and safe for physical contact with human and animal tissue over extended periods of time.

13. The method according to claim 1 further including providing anchoring means attached to the birth control device for engaging the sides of the cervical canal and securely holding the device in place within the cervical canal.

14. The method according to claim 1 wherein a battery is used to energize the low voltage electrodes and the duty cycle on the battery supplying the device is reduced by designing it to be maintained in an inactive state during periods when the cervical canal is dry.

15. The method according to claim 14 wherein the electrically conductive electrodes are placed on the birth control device in a position where at least one of the electrodes does not normally engage tissue and maintains the battery supplying the device in an inactive-off state unless exposed to fluid within the cervical canal to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery.

16. The method according to claim 1 wherein the electric force which acts on the male sperm and prevents its migration into the uterine cavity is in the form of an induced electric current flow through mucous fluid present in the cervical canal and/or electrostatic field forces acting on the sperm.

17. The method according to claim 1 further including sensing the temperature of the body of the user in whom the birth control device is implanted and activating the source of electric potential supplying the device to cause it to energize the electrode only upon the body temperature of the user reaching a predetermined higher than normal value.

18. The method according to claim 1 further including switching the energization of the electrodes between an inactive off and an energized on-state at a predesigned rate under conditions whereby the electrodes otherwise are enabled to produce an electrical force within the cervical canal.

19. The method according to claim 1 further including remotely switching the energization of the electrodes between an inactive off and an energized on-state and vice versa externally of the user'"'"'s body with a remotely controlled actuator whereby the electrodes selectively are enabled to produce an electrical force within the cervical canal under the external control of the user of the birth control device.

20. A birth control device comprising a set of low voltage, opposed electromotive force producing eletrodes designed and proportioned to be inserted in proximity to the cervical canal of a female human or animal for producing an electrical force within the cervical canal for acting on male sperm and preventing migration of the sperm through the cervical canal and into the uterine cavity, means for supplying an electromotive force of known voltage across the electrodes from an independent source of electric potential, and means for fixing the birth control device in proximity to the cervical canal, said birth control device including the means for fixing the same being fabricated from or coated by materials which are biologically inert and safe for physical contact with human and animal tissue over extended periods of time.

21. The birth control device according to claim 20 wherein the device including the means for fixing the same are designed, shaped and proportioned so that the device does not substantially impede or prevent free flow of menstrual and other fluid discharges through the cervical canal.

22. The birth control device according to claim 21 wherein the device includes a self contained sealed battery for energization of the electromotive force producing electrodes and can be retained in place in proximity to the cervical canal for indefinite periods as long as desired by the user for birth control purposes.

23. The birth control device according to claim 20 wherein the device including the electrically conductive electromotive force producing electrodes are designed to be exposed to any fluids within the cervical canal.

24. The birth control device according to claim 22 wherein the device including the electrically conductive electromotive force producing electrodes are designed to be exposed to any fluids within the cervical canal.

25. The birth control device according to claim 23 wherein the electrically conductive electrodes are placed on the birth control device in a position where at least one of the electrodes does not normally engage tissue and maintains the independent source of electric potential supplying the device in an inactive-off state unless exposed to fluid within the cervical canal to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery.

26. The birth control device according to claim 24 wherein the electrically conductive electromotive force producing electrodes are placed on the birth control device in a position where at least one of the electrodes does not normally engage tissue and maintains the battery in an inactive-off state unless exposed to fluid within the cervical canal to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery.

27. The birth control device according to claim 20 wherein the electromotive force produced by the electrodes results primarily in an induced electric current flow through the mucous fluid present in the cervical canal and prevents migration of the sperm through the cervical canal to the uterine cavity.

28. The birth control device according to claim 26 wherein the electromotive force produced by the electrodes results primarily in an induced electric current flow through the mucous fluid present in the cervical canal and prevents migration of the sperm through the cervical canal to the uterine cavity.

29. The birth control device according to claim 20 wherein the electromotive force produced by the electrodes results primarily in an electrostatic field acting on the sperm to prevent their migration through the cervical canal to the uterine cavity.

30. The birth control device according to claim 26 wherein the electromotive force produced by the electrodes results in an electrostatic field acting on the sperm to prevent their migration through the cervical canal to the uterine cavity.

31. The birth control device according to claim 28 wherein the electromotive force produced by the electrodes also results in a substantial electrostatic field acting on the sperm to prevent their migration through the cervical canal to the uterine cavity.

32. The birth control device according to claim 20 wherein the device has an elongated cylindrical configuration and is formed by a pair of opposed, spaced-apart semi-cylindrical body members whose outer convex and inner concave surfaces are coated with electrically conductive material to form the electromotive force producing electrodes, the concave conducting surfaces of the body members being spaced-apart and held in opposing assembled relation by insulating resilient spring means, means for electrically interconnecting the two outer electrically conductive convex surfaces in series electrical circuit relationship whereby an increased electrostatic field force is produced in the space between the two spaced-apart opposing concave conductive surfaces of the device, and wherein the means for anchoring the device within the cervical canal comprises a plurality of projections formed on the exterior convex surfaces of the opposed semi-cylindrical body members.

33. The birth control device according to claim 31 wherein the device has an elongated cylindrical configuration and is formed by a pair of opposed, spaced-apart semi-cylindrical battery body members whose outer convex and inner concave surfaces are coated with electrically conductive material to form the electrodes for the respective batteries thus shaped, the concave conducting surfaces of the body members being spaced-apart and held in opposing assembled relation by insulating resilient spring means, means for electrically interconnecting the two batteries thus formed in series electrical circuit relationship whereby an increased electrostatic field force is produced in the space between the two spaced-apart opposing concave conductive surfaces of the batteries, and wherein the means for anchoring the device within the cervical canal comprises a plurality of projections formed on the exterior convex surfaces of the opposed semi-cylindrical battery bodies.

34. The birth control device according to claim 20 further including body temperature sensing means fabricated in microcircuit form mounted along with the device in the body of the user in whom the birth control device is implanted, and microconductor means interconnecting the temperature sensing means with the electrodes for controlling energization of the electrodes by a source of low voltage and causing the source of low voltage to supply excitation voltage to the electrodes only upon the body temperature of the user reaching a predetermined higher than normal temperature.

35. The birth control device according to claim 31 further including body temperature sensing means fabricated in microcircuit form on the device for mounting in the body of the user in whom the birth control device is implanted, and microconducter means interconnecting the temperature sensing means with the electrodes for controlling energization of the electrodes by the battery and causing the battery to supply excitation voltage to the electrodes only upon the body temperature of the user reaching a predetermined higher than normal temperature.

36. The birth control device according to claim 32 further including body temperature sensing means formed on the device for implantation within the body of the user, microconductor means interconnecting the temperature sensing means with the electrodes for controlling energization of the electrodes by a source of low voltage and causing the source of low voltage to supply excitation voltage to the electrodes only upon the body temperature of the user reaching a predetermined higher than normal temperature.

37. The birth control device according to claim 33 further including body temperature sensing means formed on the device for implantation within the body of the user, and microconductor means interconnecting the temperature sensing means with the electrodes and the battey for controlling energization of the electrodes by the battery and causing it to supply excitation voltage to the electrodes only upon the body temperature of the user reaching a predetermined higher than normal temperature.

38. The birth control device according to claim 20 further including microminiaturized switching means interconnecting the electrodes to a battery for electrically controlling application of an excitation voltage to the electrodes at a predesigned rate to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery.

39. The birth control device according to claim 28 further including microminiaturized switching means interconnecting the electrodes to the battery for electrically controlling application of an excitation voltage to the electrodes at a predesigned rate to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery.

40. The birth control device according to claim 37 further including microminiaturized switching means interconnecting the electrodes to the battery for electrically controlling application of an excitation voltage to the electrodes at a predesigned rate to thereby reduce the duty cycle on the battery.

41. The birth control device according to claim 20 further including externally actuated switching means selectively operated by a user of the birth control device for remotely switching energization of the electrodes between an inactive off and an energized on state and vice versa.

42. The birth control device according to claim 40 further including externally activated switching means selectively operated by a user of the device for remotely controlling turn-on and turn-off of the battery supply of electric potential to the electrodes.

43. The birth control device according to claim 20 wherein the device is designed to be seated within a small diameter tube having a push rod for extraction of the device from the end of the tube and insertion of the device in place in the cervical canal of a female human or animal.

44. The birth control device according to claim 42 wherein the device is designed to be seated within a small diameter tube having a push rod for extraction of the device from the end of the tube and insertion of the device in place in the cervical canal of a female human or animal.