Method of brazing an aluminum material

• US 4,619,716 A
• Filed: 10/10/1984
• Issued: 10/28/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Suzuki, Kenichi, Miura, Fusayoshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Rosenberg, Peter D.
• Application Number:
  US06/659,423
• Time in Patent Office: 748 Days
• Field of Search: 148/23, 148/26, 148/24, 228/223
• US Class Current: 148/26
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 1/203 Fluxing, i.e. applying flux onto surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 2101/14 Heat exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 2103/10 Aluminium or alloys thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/0233 Sheets, foils B23K35/0244 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/0244 Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/286 Al as the principal constituent
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/3605 Fluorides
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 22/34 containing fluorides or complex fluorides

Abstract

In a method of brazing aluminum material, the flux is formed on the surface of the aluminum material by a chemical conversion coating step. The aluminum material is brought into contact with a treating solution containing potassium and fluorine ions to cause a chemical reaction between aluminum components and potassium and fluorine ions, thereby forming K₂ AlF₅. The K₂ AlF₅ is present on the surface of the aluminum material as a uniform coating and acts as the flux during brazing. With the treating solution further containing zinc, the flux of K₂ AlF₅ and a pitting corrosion inhibiting layer of metallic zinc are simultaneously formed. The treating solution may further include powdered K₂ AlF₅ or AlF₃ to increase the amount of flux and thus to intensify the action of the flux. The chemical conversion coating may be applied either to the material to be brazed or to the material for brazing.

Claims

1. A method of brazing an aluminum material which comprises:

a chemical conversion coating step of bringing at least a brazing desired part of the aluminum material into contact with a treating solution containing potassium and fluorine ions to form a brazing flux layer composed of potassium pentafluoroaluminate on the surface of said aluminum material; and

a brazing step of heating at least the flux layer formed part to a temperature of lower than the melting point of the aluminum material and higher than the melting point of a brazing alloy to join said aluminum material to a counterpart material with said brazing alloy.

2. The method of brazing according to claim 1, wherein said contact is effected by immersion.

3. The method of brazing according to claim 2, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution containing 0.01-1 mole/l of the potassium ions and the fluorine ions at a molar ratio to the potassium ions of 1-10.

4. The method of brazing according to claim 1, wherein said treating solution further contains zinc ions.

5. The method of brazing according to claim 4, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution containing 0.01-1 mole/l of the potassium ions, the fluorine ions at a molar ratio to the potassium ions of 1-10 and 0.01-0.16 mole/l of the zinc ions.

6. The method of brazing according to claim 1, wherein said treating solution further contains a potassium pentafluoroaluminate powder suspended therein.

7. The method of brazing according to claim 4, wherein said treating solution further contains a potassium pentafluoroaluminate powder suspended therein.

8. The method of brazing according to claim 1, wherein said treating solution further contains an aluminum fluoride powder suspended therein.

9. The method of brazing according to claim 4, wherein said treating solution further contains an aluminum fluoride powder suspended therein.

10. The method of brazing according to claim 1, wherein said aluminum material is a brazing sheet.

11. The method of brazing according to claim 2, wherein said chemical conversion coating step is effected in an electric field.

12. The method of brazing according to claim 4, wherein said aluminum material is an assembly.

13. The method of brazing according to claim 8, wherein said aluminum material is an assembly.

14. The method of brazing according to claim 9, wherein said aluminum material is an assembly.

15. The method of brazing according to claim 3, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution of KHF₂.

16. The method of brazing according to claim 3, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution of KF and HF.

17. The method of brazing according to claim 5, wherein said contact is effected by immersion and said treating solution is an aqueous solution of KHF₂ and ZnF₂.

18. The method of brazing according to claim 5, wherein said contact is effected by immersion and said treating solution is an aqueous solution of KF, HF and ZnF₂.

19. The method of brazing according to claim 5, wherein said contact is effected by immersion and said aluminum material is an assembly.

20. The method of brazing an aluminum material which comprises:

a chemical conversion coating step of bringing an aluminum brazing alloy into contact with a treating solution containing potassium and fluorine ions to form a flux layer composed of K₂ AlF₅ on the surface of said brazing alloy; and

a brazing step of supplying the brazing alloy subjected to said chemical conversion coating step to a brazing desired part of the aluminum material and heating to a temperature of higher than the melting point of the brazing alloy and lower than the melting point of the aluminum material to braze said aluminum material to a counterpart material.

21. The method of brazing according to claim 20, wherein said contact is effected by immersion.

22. The method of brazing according to claim 20, wherein said brazing alloy is in form of a sheet and the supply of the brazing alloy to the aluminum material is effected by sandwiching with the aluminum material.

23. The method of brazing according to claim 20, wherein said brazing alloy is in form of powder.

24. The method of brazing according to claim 23, wherein the supply of said brazing alloy is effected by immersing the aluminum material in a suspension of the brazing alloy powder.

25. The method of brazing according to claim 22, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution containing 0.01-1 mole/l of the potassium ions and the fluorine ions at a molar ratio to the potassium ions of 1-10.

26. The method of brazing according to claim 23, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution containing 0.01-1 mole/l of the potassium ions and the fluorine ions at a molar ratio to the potassium ions of 1-10.

27. The method of brazing according to claim 22, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution of KHF₂.

28. The method of brazing according to claim 22, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution of KF and HF.

29. The method of brazing according to claim 26, wherein said treating solution is an aqueous solution of KHF₂.

30. A method of brazing an aluminum material which comprises:

(a) contacting at least part of the aluminum material with a treating solution which forms a brazing flux layer of potassium pentafluoroaluminate on the part so contacted, and

(b) heating said part to a temperature which is lower than the melting point of the aluminum material and higher than the melting point of a brazing alloy used to join said aluminum material to a counterpart material.

31. A method according to claim 30 wherein the treating solution forms the brazing flux layer by reaction with aluminum of said aluminum material.

32. In a method of brazing an aluminum material with a brazing flux, the improvement wherein the brazing flux is substantially composed of potassium pentafluoroaluminate.