RFI suppression technique for switching circuits

• US 4,625,270 A
• Filed: 10/21/1985
• Issued: 11/25/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 10/21/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: AT&T, Inc.
• Inventors: Taylor, Robert L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Application Number:
  US06/789,392
• Time in Patent Office: 400 Days
• Field of Search: 363/20-21, 363/39-41, 363/47-48, 363/56, 363/97, 455/50, 455/63, 455/296-299
• US Class Current: 363/39
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/44 Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/155 using semiconductor devices only

Abstract

A switching type power supply includes neutralizing circuitry to counteract current flow to equipment ground due to generated RF currents. This neutralizing circuitry includes an added transformer winding and a neutralizing capacitor to counteract and cancel specified leakage currents. This arrangement permits use of smaller filter capacitors and hence reduces the line frequency leakage current flow to equipment ground.

Claims

1. A switching type power supply comprising:

input means for accepting a source of energy,

a power transformer including at least a first transformer winding,

a power switch coupling the input means to the first winding,

an output means coupled to the power transformer,

a first parasitic capacitance coupling the power switch to an equipment ground and a second parasitic capacitance coupling the first transformer winding to equipment ground,

means for suppression of current flow in the first and second parasitic capacitances to equipment ground including;

a voltage source for generating a canceling voltage equal and opposite to a switching transient voltage generating the current flow, and

a neutralizing capacitance for canceling the current flow through the first and second parasitic capacitances.

2. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 1 wherein the voltage source comprises:

an auxiliary winding connected in series with the first transformer winding and magnetically coupled to the power transformer, having a winding sense such that a voltage across the auxiliary winding due to flux generated by the first transformer winding is in series opposition to a voltage across the first transformer winding.

3. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 2 wherein the neutralizing capacitance includes at least a first capacitor coupling the auxiliary winding to equipment ground.

4. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 3 wherein a turns ratio between the first transformer winding and the auxiliary winding and a capacitance ratio of the first parasitic capacitance and the first capacitor obeys the relationship:

##EQU1## whereby N₁ is the number of turns of the first transformer winding,

N₂ is the number of turns of the auxiliary winding,

C_p1 is the capacitance of the first transformer winding to equipment ground parasitic capacitance, and

C_n1 is the capacitance of the first capacitor.

5. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 4 wherein the neutralizing capacitance further includes a second capacitor coupling a node at which the auxiliary winding and first capacitor are jointly connected to a common lead in the output means, being operative for neutralizing current flow from primary to secondary winding.

6. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 5 wherein the auxiliary winding is closely coupled to the first transformer winding.

7. A switching type power supply comprising:

an input circuit for accepting a source of energy,

an output circuit for coupling energy to a load,

a power transformer having at least a primary and a secondary winding,

a power switch coupling the input circuit to the primary winding and circuit means coupling the secondary winding to the output circuit,

an equipment ground reference of a physical mounting of the power supply distinct from earth ground,

at least a first parasitic capacitance comprising stray capacitance of the primary winding and stray capacitance of a mounting of the power switch and completing an AC current path to equipment ground,

neutralizing circuitry for counteracting current flow through the first parasitic capacitance to the equipment ground comprising;

an added winding magnetically coupled to the power transformer and connected in series with the primary winding and oriented to generate a voltage opposing a voltage across the primary winding, and

a neutralizing capacitor coupling the added winding to equipment ground,

the neutralizing circuitry governed by the relation;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">N.sub.1 C.sub.1 =N.sub.2 C.sub.2

wherein

N₁ is a number of turns of the primary winding,

C₁ is a capacitance of the first parasitic capacitance,

N₂ is a number of turns of the added winding, and

C₂ is a capacitance of the neutralizing capacitance.

8. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 7 and further including a second parasitic capacitance coupling the primary winding to the secondary winding, and

further including a second neutralizing capacitor also coupling the added winding to an output common ground.

9. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 8 wherein the added winding is connected in series with a first one of the neutralizing capacitors.

10. A switching type power supply as defined in claim 9 wherein the second neutralizing capacitor is connected in parallel with a first one of the neutralizing capacitors.