Method and system for transmitting digitized voice signals as packets of bits

• US 4,630,262 A
• Filed: 05/20/1985
• Issued: 12/16/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Secondo, Pierre, Callens, Paul, Galand, Claude, Gergaud, Claude, Noailly, Philippe
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chin, Wellington
• Application Number:
  US06/736,187
• Time in Patent Office: 575 Days
• Field of Search: 370/79, 370/80, 370/81, 370/94, 370/110.1
• US Class Current: 370/435
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/64 Hybrid switching systems

Abstract

A method of transmitting digitized voice signals as packets of bits in a digital transmission network to which a plurality of terminals acting as sources of voice signals are attached. The method includes, at the transmitting end and for each source, the steps of: a dividing the signal into successive, digitally-coded segments; performing a so-called source activity detection; and assembling the bits resulting from the coding operation into packets, each packet being provided with a header containing, in particular, a parity bit whose logic value is modified whenever an inactivity or long pause is detected. At the receiving end, detection of a change in the value of said parity bit causes the delivery of a packet of bits to the decoder/synthesizer to be delayed by a given time interval called retention delay.

Claims

1. A method of transmitting voice signals generated by source terminals through a digital transmission network, in the form of packets of bits, characterized in that it includes, for each active source, the steps of:

dividing the signal from said source into segments of predetermined duration, said segments being digitally coded;

performing a so-called activity detection to detect segments corresponding to pauses of said sources; and

,

assembling bits derived from said coding in the form of packets, each packet containing bits from at least one voice signal segment and at least one header (H2) comprising in particular a parity bit whose value is changed subsequent to detection of a so-called long pause whose duration exceeds a predetermined time interval, and bits indicating a sequence number (PS);

each of said packets of bits being intended to be transmitted through said digital transmission network subject to a condition related to said activity detection being satisfied.

2. A transmission method according to claim 1, further characterized in that the beginnings and/or the ends of said pauses are denoted by indications provided by bits in predetermined fields of said packet header (H2).

3. A transmission method according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper limit of the value of said sequence number is said predetermined duration of a long pause.

4. A transmission method according to claim 3, further characterized in that the packets which may be supplied by one or more predetermined sets of sources are enqueued in the same node (GNE) of said network to be sequentially transmitted in a synchronous manner through said network.

5. A transmission method according to claim 4, further characterized in that said condition is defined as being such that only those packets which contain segments not corresponding to pauses are transmitted through the digital transmission network.

6. A transmission method according to claim 4, further characterized in that said condition is defined as a function of an activity detection involving several consecutive segments.

7. A transmission method according to claim 6, characterized in that said several consecutive segments are comprised of one or more segments relating to the packet being processed and a segment relating to the proceding packet.

8. A transmission method according to claim 7, further characterized in that each packet contains a second header (H1) comprising a logic channel reference for directing the packet concerned through the digital network.

9. A digital transmission method according to claim 8, further characterized in that said packet sequence number is reset to zero at the end of each of said long pauses, but is incremented sequentially both in the absence of a pause and during pauses whose duration is less than or equal to said predetermined time interval.

10. A digital transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further characterized in that it comprises at the receiving end the steps of:

checking the validity of received packets intended for terminal T2 and enqueuing the valid packets; and

,

analyzing in sequence those received packets which are valid before transferring the contents of a packet to a decoder that will synthesize the signal to be presented to terminal T2, the transfer of said contents to said decoder being delayed by a given time interval, called retention delay, subsequent to detection, through said analysis, of a long pause.

11. A transmission method according to claim 10, further characterized in that said analysis of the received packets detects the end of a long pause by detecting a change in the logic value of said parity bit.

12. A transmission method according to claim 11, further characterized in that invalid packets eliminated from said queue are reconstructed at the receiving end by means of a packet interpolation or extrapolation process which makes use of the contents of the packet(s) near the invalid packet.

13. A transmission method according to claim 12, further characterized in that, during said pauses, the decoder receives so-called dummy packets that serve to generate a simulated ambient noise.

14. A transmission method according to claim 13, further characterized in that the value of a so-called error (E) bit is generated at the receiving end from the contents of the fields of bits which, in said header, indicate the beginning and the end of the pauses, said error bit being used to determine the type of packet to be fed to the decoder, namely, a packet placed on a queue or a dymmy packet.

15. A signal transmission device for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises means for establishing a transmission path between a calling terminal (T1) and a called terminal (T2) through a digital Voice Packet Switching Network (VPSN), said path including at each end:

a voice terminal unit (VTU) including a digital coder/decoder, with said coder sequentially dividing the voice signal into segments of predetermined duration and coding each segment by means of a BCPCM technique;

means for connecting a VTU to one of terminals T1 and T2 through a telephone circuit switching unit;

means for bringing together a given number of VTUs within the same voice terminal equipment (VTE), said VTE including, at the transmitting end, so-called voice activity detection means for identifying periods of inactivity or pauses of each VTU within said VTE;

means for cyclically scanning said VTUs; and

means for constructing packets of bits by using bits obtained through said coding and under the control of said activity detector;

input/output node equipments (GNEs) pertaining to said digital network;

means for connecting a given number of VTEs to each of said GNEs; and

,

means for moving the packets of bits between the GNE associated with terminal T1 and the GNE associated with terminal T2, through said voice packets switching network.

16. A transmission device according to claim 15, characterized in that, for transmitting purposes, each of said node equipments (GNEs) includes means for enqueuing packets supplied by the VTEs attached to said GNE.

17. A transmission device according to claim 16, characterized in that, for receiving purposes, each of said node equipments includes analysis means for analyzing the contents of said second header in each received packet to permit determining the destination terminal equipment (VTE), i.e. the VTE controlling the destination VTU, and for sending said packet to said destination VTU.

18. A transmission device according to claim 17, further characterized in that said destination terminal equipment (VTE) is determined by reference to a table that is updated when determining the transmission path defined at the time the connection between the calling terminal (T1) and the called terminal (T2) is established.

19. A transmission device according to claim 18, further characterized in that the destination terminal equipment (VTE) includes:

first analysis means for analyzing the validity of each packet received;

means connected to said analysis means for placing on the VTE queue valid packets intended for the same VTU, each packet containing said header including in particular the parity bit as well as the bits resulting form the coding of the voice signal;

second analysis means connected to said VTE queue for analyzing the contents of said header, said second means including a logic retention device responsive to the value of the parity bit to hold up transmission, whenever the value of said parity bit changes, of the leading packet in the VTE queue for a given time interval called retention delay during which so-called dummy packets are sent to the decoder/synthesizer; and

,

logic reception means connected to said VTE queue and to said logic retention device and responsive to the contents of header H2 of the packet being processed and to at least one preceding packet to cause either the packet being processed or a dummy packet to be sent to a decoder/synthesizer.

20. A transmission device according to claim 19, further characterized in that said dummy packet is used by the synthesizer to generate a simulated ambient noise.

21. A transmission device according to claim 20, further characterized in that it includes a reception counter (CR) whose count is incremented by unity whenever a packet is sent to the decoder/synthesizer;

and comparison means connected to said counter for comparing the count of said counter (CR) with the sequence number (PS) of the packet being processed, said comparison means feeding an information item to said logic reception means.

22. A transmission device according to claim 21, further characterized in that the information item fed to the logic reception means by the comparator causes a line to rise to the "1" logic level indicating the one of the following logic conditions:

PS<

CR, PS=CR, PS=CR+1 or PS>

CR+1, which is satisfied.

23. A transmission device according to claim 22, further characterized in that the logic indication PS=CR+1 is used by the logic reception means either to cause a dummy packet to be transmitted or to indicate the loss of a packet to be reconstructed.

24. A transmission device according to claim 23, further characterized in that the indication PS<

CR+1 denotes a critical situation that will cause, in particular, the value of the sequence number of the packet being processed to be forced into the reception counter.