Method and system for spacially transforming images
First Claim
1. A method of electronically transforming input data samples corresponding to picture elements of an image, said transforming corresponding to transformation of said picture elements of said image from a source location to a target location according to a dimensionally interdependent spatial transformation in a multidimensional coordinate system in which a plurality of coordinates indicate position in respective coordinate directions, said method comprisingfactoring said interdependent transformation into a plurality of factors each corresponding to a transformation providing repositioning of picture elements in a respective single said coordinate direction, at least one of said factors being a function of a plurality of said coordinates,successively and separately electronically applying each of said factors to said data samples to produce transformed data samples according to the respective transformation corresponding to repositioning of respective picture elements in the respective coordinate direction for said factor without repositioning in another coordinate direction, any succeeding application of a said factor being made to said data samples as transformed according to the preceding application.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A system for spatially transforming images by separate transformation of each dimension of the image is exemplified by a raster scan television system which includes for each color component a transposing memory providing a change of scan direction from horizontal to vertical, a vertical transformation system transforming in the vertical direction the vertically scanned video information, a second transposing memory coupled to receive vertically transformed video information and provide a change of scan direction from vertical back to horizontal, and a horizontal transformation system coupled to horizontally transform the horizontally scanned video signal to produce a color component output signal. The transformation system is controlled by a transform composer and factorizor which receives input commands designating X and Y pretranslations, X and Y size control, Z axis rotation angles, and X and Y post translations to produce a commanded composite transformation which is then factored into horizontal and vertical components.
-
Citations
48 Claims
-
1. A method of electronically transforming input data samples corresponding to picture elements of an image, said transforming corresponding to transformation of said picture elements of said image from a source location to a target location according to a dimensionally interdependent spatial transformation in a multidimensional coordinate system in which a plurality of coordinates indicate position in respective coordinate directions, said method comprising
factoring said interdependent transformation into a plurality of factors each corresponding to a transformation providing repositioning of picture elements in a respective single said coordinate direction, at least one of said factors being a function of a plurality of said coordinates, successively and separately electronically applying each of said factors to said data samples to produce transformed data samples according to the respective transformation corresponding to repositioning of respective picture elements in the respective coordinate direction for said factor without repositioning in another coordinate direction, any succeeding application of a said factor being made to said data samples as transformed according to the preceding application.
-
4. A method of electronically transforming input data samples corresponding to picture elements of an image, said transforming corresponding to transformation of said picture elements of said image from a source location to a target location according to a dimensionally interdependent spatial transformation in a two dimensional coordinate system in which first and second coordinates indicate position in two respective coordinate directions, said method comprising
developing first and second sets of electronic signals corresponding to respective first and second factors of said interdependent transformation, the product of said first and second factors being said interdependent transformation, each of said first and second factors being a function of both said first and second coordinates and corresponding to a partial transformation repositioning picture elements in a respective single said coordinate direction, electronically applying the first of said sets of electronic signals to said input data samples to produce partially transformed data samples according to the respective partial transformation and corresponding to repositioning respective picture elements in the respective coordinate direction for said first factor without repositioning in the other coordinate direction, and electronically applying the second of said sets of electronic signals to said partially transformed data samples to produce fully transformed data samples corresponding to repositioning of respective picture elements in the respective coordinate direction for said second factor to said target location without repositioning in the other coordinate direction.
-
27. A method of transforming data arrays defining input data values from source locations to target locations, said locations being defined by a multidimensional coordinate system in which a plurality of coordinates indicate location in respective coordinate directions, said method comprising
performing a transformation of input data values in a selected single coordinate direction to produce transformed data values corresponding to a transformed data array; - and
performing a transformation of previously transformed data values for each additional one of the coordinate directions in sequence until a transformation has been performed for all coordinate directions to produce transformed data values at target locations corresponding to a fully transformed data array, at least one of the transformations of data values being a function of a plurality of said coordinates of the multidimensional coordinate system, said transformed data values produced by each transformation having the same coordinates they had prior to said transformation other than in the respective coordinate direction. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30)
- and
-
31. A method of electronically executing a perspective projection transformation of data samples corresponding to picture elements of a two dimensionl source image to a two dimensional target image, each dimension corresponding to a respective direction, said method comprising the steps of
electronically forming data samples corresponding to a partially transformed intermediate target image by electronically generating a sequence of data samples corresponding to picture elements along each of a plurality of first direction intermediate target rows, the sequence of data samples in respect to each first direction intermediate target row being a function of a sequence of data samples corresponding to picture elements in a respective first direction source image row in accordance with a transformation according to a predetermined perspective projection of the source image; - and
electronically forming data samples corresponding to a fully transformed final target image by electronically generating a sequence of data samples corresponding to picture elements along each of a plurality of second direction target rows transverse to the first direction rows, the sequence of data samples in respect to each second direction target row being a function of a sequence of data samples corresponding to picture elements in a respective second direction intermediate target row in accordance with said transformation according to said predetermined perspective projection.
- and
-
32. A system for electronically transforming input data samples corresponding to picture elements of an image, said transforming corresponding to transformation of said picture elements of said image from a source location to a target location according to a dimensionally interdependent spatial transformation in a multidimensional coordinate system in which a plurality of coordinates indicate position in respective coordinate directions, said system comprising
transform means for providing a set of electronic signals corresponding to each of a plurality of factors each corresponding to a transformation providing repositioning of picture elements in a respective single said coordinate direction, said factors being factors of said interdependent transformation and their product being said interdependent transformation, at least one of said factors being a function of a plurality of said coordinates, a plurality of application means successively and separately electronically applying respective ones of said sets of electronic signals to said data samples to produce transformed data samples according to the respective transformation corresponding to repositioning of respective picture elements in the respective coordinate direction for a said factor without repositioning in another coordinate direction, said application means being coupled in cascade whereby any succeeding application of a said set of electronic signals is made to said data samples as transformed according to the preceding application.
-
33. A system for electronically transforming input data samples corresponding to picture elements of an image, said transforming corresponding to transformation of said picture elements of said image from a source location to a target location according to a dimensionally interdependent spatial transformation in a two dimensional coordinate system in which first and second coordinates indicate position in two respective coordinate directions, said system comprising
transform means for providing first and second sets of electronic signals corresponding to respective first and second factors of said interdependent transformation, the product of said first and second factors being said interdependent transformation, each of said first and second factors being a function of both said first and second coordinates and corresponding to a partial transformation repositioning picture elements in a respective single said coordinate direction, first application means for electronically applying the first of said sets of electronic signals to said input data samples to produce partially transformed data samples according to the respective partial transformation and corresponding to repositioning respective picture elements in the respective coordinate direction for said first factor without repositioning in the other coordinate direction, and second application means for electronically applying the second of said sets of electronic signals to said partially transformed data samples to produce fully transformed data samples corresponding to repositioning of respective picture elements in the respective coordinate direction for said second factor to said target location without repositioning in the other coordinate direction.
-
45. A system for transforming data arrays defining input data values from source locations to target locations, said locations being defined by a multidimensional coordinate system in which a plurality of coordinates indicate location in respective coordinate directions, said system comprising
first transform means for performing a transformation of input data values in a selected single coordinate direction to produce transformed data values corresponding to a transformed data array; - and
further transform means for performing a transformation of previously transformed data values for each additional one of the coordinate directions to produce transformed data values corresponding to respective transformed data arrays; and means for coupling said first and further transform means in cascade to perform transformations for all coordinate directions to produce transformed data values at target locations corresponding to a fully transformed data array, at least one of the transformations of data values being a function of a plurality of said coordinates of the multidimensional coordinate system, said transformed data values produced by each transformation having the same coordinates they had prior to said transformation other than in the respective coordinate directions. - View Dependent Claims (46)
- and
-
47. A system for electronically transforming input data samples corresponding to picture elements of a video image arranged in rows in respective horizontal and vertical directions and presented in raster scan order, said transforming corresponding to spatial transformation from a source location to a target location, said system comprising
a horizontal to vertical transposing memory coupled to receive data samples corresponding to said source location received in sequences corresponding to horizontal rows of a source video image in raster scan order and to store such data samples, vertical addressing means for retrieving said stored input data samples from said horizontal to vertical transposing memory in sequences corresponding to either horizontal or vertical rows of the video image as selected for a respective transformation, vertical transform means for applying selected electronic signals to said data samples retrieved from said horizontal to vertical transposing memory according to a vertical transformation factor to produce partially transformed data samples in sequences corresponding to vertical rows of a partially transformed video image, a vertical to horizontal transposing memory coupled to receive said partially transformed data samples and to store such partially transformed data samples, horizontal addressing means for retrieving said stored partially transformed data samples in sequences corresponding to horizontal rows of the partially transformed video image, horizontal transform means for applying selected electronic signals to said partially transformed data samples retrieved from said vertical to horizontal transposing memory according to a horizontal transformation factor to produce fully transformed data samples in sequences corresponding to horizontal rows of a fully transformed video image in raster scan order.
-
48. A digital transformation system comprising
first, second and third transposing memories adapted to receive and store respective data samples corresponding Y, I and Q video components of sequential fields of an interlaced color television video signal, the first, second and third memories including address circuitry connected to control the storage of video data samples in horizontal raster scan order and retrieval of video data samples in sequences corresponding to vertical or horizontal scanning directions as selected for a respective transformation; -
first, second and third deinterlace filters coupled to receive, respectively, Y, I and Q video data samples from respectively the first, second and third transposing memories and to output at the field rate a complete frame of video data samples for each field of video data samples received; first, second and third interpolation decimation filters coupled to receive, respectively, Y, I and Q video data samples and a sequence of addresses indicating a sequence of data samples within the received video data samples from which video data samples are to be selected for output, and to output Y, I and Q data samples as a function of a plurality of video data samples disposed about each addressed data sample; fourth, fifth and sixth transposing memories adapted to receive and store, respectively, Y, I and Q data samples of sequential fields of video data samples from the first, second and third interpolation decimation filters, respectively, in sequences corresponding to vertical rows and to output said data samples in sequences corresponding to horizontal rows; fourth, fifth and sixth interpolation decimation filters coupled to receive, respectively, Y, I and Q video data samples and a sequence of addresses indicating a sequence of data samples within the received video data samples from which video data samples are to be selected for output, and to output Y, I and Q video data samples as a function of a plurality of video data samples disposed about each addressed data sample to generate a sequence of Y, I and Q video data samples representing a transformed video image in raster scan order; and control circuitry coupled to receive commands indicating a commanded image transformation and in response to the received commands to generate the sequence of addresses for the first, second and third interpolation decimation filters and to generate the sequence of addresses for the fourth, fifth and sixth interpolation decimation filters to control the selection of data samples to obtain the commanded transformation.
-
Specification