Rigidly constructed portable electric double bass

• US 4,632,002 A
• Filed: 12/03/1982
• Issued: 12/30/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 12/03/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Able-Tech Incorporated 69 Bluxome Street San Francisco CA
• Original Assignee: Able-Tech Incorporated 69 Bluxome Street San Francisco CA
• Inventors: Clevinger, Martin R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Isen, Forester W.
• Application Number:
  US06/446,557
• Time in Patent Office: 1,488 Days
• Field of Search: 84/1.14, 84/1.16, 84/DIG. 24, 84/1.15, 84/291
• US Class Current: 84/731
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2220/475 on the side, i.e. picking up vibrations from a side of the bridge
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2220/495 Single bridge transducer, common to all strings
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2220/525 Piezoelectric transducers for vibration sensing or vibration excitation in the audio range; Piezoelectric strain sensing, e.g. as key velocity sensor; Piezoelectric actuators, e.g. key actuation in response to a control voltage
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 3/185 in which the tones are picked up through the bridge structure
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 84/24 Piezoelectrical transducers

Abstract

An improved, easily-transportable, electric double bass viol having a non-resonant body and rigidly supported fingerboard for enhanced string sustain and tonal brilliance, collapsible body extensions for providing the customary physical dimension and reference points found in traditional double basses to render the instrument easily playable by bassists trained on traditional double basses, and a piezoelectric bridge pickup structure having a piezoelectric element and flexible and inflexible portions such that string motion is transmitted to the piezoelectric element while acoustic energy in the body is substantially prevented from exciting the piezoelectric element, thereby eliminating unwanted acoustic feedback, while providing a tonal characteristic similar to an acoustic double bass.

Claims

1. A string musical instrument of the bowable type having a plurality of strings which are spaced apart and generally parallel to one another, each string having a vibratile length, wherein vibration is substantially confined to the strings when the strings are set into motion by bowing or plucking them, wherein the instrument is played in an upright position with one end resting on the floor, the instrument comprising

a fingerboard which extends along a substantial portion of the strings so that different acoustical lengths of a selected string can be obtained when the selected string is "stopped" against the fingerboard at different points;

a substantially non-resonant body having rigidity to be resistant to the vibration imparted to a flexible bridge portion by the vibrating strings

wherein the body further includes a solid body portion for supporting the neck means and the pickup means and extension means which are pivotably mounted to the solid body portion and which are pivotable between a first and a second position for supporting the solid body portion with respect to the floor when in the first position, and which are folded against the solid body position when in the second position; and

neck means for supporting the fingerboard with respect to the strings and the body, wherein the neck means and the body are rigidly joined together over a substantial longitudinal distance, and further wherein the fingerboard extends along the entire neck means, so that substantially the entire length of the fingerboard is rigidly supported; and

pickup means supported in the vicinity of the strings and adjacent the body for transforming the string motion into electrical signals including means for substantially isolating the pickup means from the body;

wherein the vibration is confined substantially to the strings and flexible bridge so that the string motion is sustained for a maximum period of time following bowing or plucking of the strings.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the extension means comprise

an elongated first member;

an elongated second member which is telescopically coupled to one end of the first member; and

coupling means fastened to the other end of the first member for pivotably mounting the first member to the solid body portion.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the extension means is positioned at an angle which is non-zero with respect to the plane of the solid body portion.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the angle is between 10 to 30 degrees.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, further including standoff means positioned between the body and the first member in the first position for adjusting the angle between the upper body portion and the extension means wherein the standoff means are adjustable in height so that the angle is correspondingly adjustable.

6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the coupling means is a hinge.

7. The apparatus of claim 2, further including foot means positioned on the free end of the second member for opposing rotation of the extension means with respect to the floor.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the foot means is a flexible, non-slip rubber pad.

9. The apparatus of claim 2 further including solid body extension means mounted to the solid body portion for providing a lateral contact surface to the user of the instrument at a predetermined position.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the solid body extension means protrudes from the solid body portion at a predetermined angle with respect to the plane of the solid body.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the angle at which the solid body extension means protrudes from the solid body portion is between 35 to 55 degrees.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the instrument is used as a double bass and furtherwherein the lateral contact surface provided by the solid body extension means is positioned to correspond to the portion which contacts the users body in a traditional acoustic double bass.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the solid body portion has a top surface and a back surface and the fingerboard and strings are positioned above the top surface, and furtherwherein the solid body extension means includes a tubular member having an upper and a lower leg, in which the lower leg is mounted toward the center of the back of the solid body portion and extends outwardly from the solid body portion in a horizontal manner, and in which the upper leg is mounted to the back of the solid body portion and above the lower leg, the upper leg extending downward toward the lower leg in a predetermined curve and thence joining the lower leg, so that the curve of the upper leg corresponds to the shape of the portion of the traditional acoustic double bass which contacts the user'"'"'s body.

14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the solid body extension means is detachably mounted to the solid body portion.

15. A string musical instrument of the bowable type having a plurality of strings which are spaced apart and generally parallel to one another, each string having a vibratile length, wherein vibration is substantially confined to the strings when the strings are set into motion by bowing or plucking them, the instrument comprising

a fingerboard which extends along a substantial portion of the strings so that different acoustical lengths of a selected string can be obtained when the selected string is "stopped" against the fingerboard at different points;

a substantially non-resonant body having sufficient rigidity as to be undisturbed by vibration imparted to the strings; and

neck means for supporting the fingerboard with respect to the strings and the body, wherein the neck means and the body are rigidly joined together over a substantial longitudinal distance, and further wherein the fingerboard extends along the entire neck means, so that substantially the entire length of the fingerboard is rigidly supported; and

pickup means supported in the vicinity of the strings and adjacent the body for transforming the string motion into electrical signals including means for substantially isolating the pickup means from the body;

wherein the acoustic energy is confined substantially to the strings so that the string motion is sustained for a maximum period of time following bowing or plucking of the strings;

wherein the pickup means include bridge pickup means which support the strings at a predetermined displacement from the body, the bridge pickup means comprising

bridge body means positioned between the strings and the body for supporting the strings with respect to the body, the bridge body means having a substantially flexible portion which contacts the strings and a substantially inflexible portion which contacts the body so that the string motion is transmitted by the flexible portion of the bridge body means and so that vibration from the body is substantially prevented by the substantially inflexible portion from exciting the bridge body means;

transducer means communicatively coupled to the bridge body means for transforming the transmitted string motion into the electrical signals; and

base means positioned on the body for supporting the transducer means relative to and for acoustically decoupling the transducer means from the body;

wherein the flexible bridge means include

a crown portion shaped for contact with the strings;

an arch portion supported by the base means; and

coupling members for coupling string motion from the crown portion to the arch portion, the coupling members having a predetermined thickness and density to support the crown portion on the arch portion and to minimize the mechanical constraint and so as to permit multi-dimensional string motion to be transferred between the crown portion and the arch portion, wherein the arch portion sums the acoustical energy transmitted through the coupling members; and

wherein the transducer means include

a drive stud which is coupled at one end to the arch portion;

a piezoelectric element which is supported by the base means for contact with the free end of the drive stud;

so that the summed acoustical energy in the arch portion is coupled to the piezoelectric element by way of the drive stud.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the piezoelectric element is a disc-shaped bimorph element which is supported by the base means about its periphery, and in which the drive stud contacts the bimorph element toward the center of the bimorph element, and furtherwherein the drive stud contacts the bimorph element with a predetermined amount of pressure, the pressure being determined by the base means.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the base means include bimorph support means comprising

a support member shaped to support the bimorph element along the periphery of the bimorph element;

and

spacer means for supporting the bimorph element with respect to the drive stud and the support member, and for supporting the bimorph element with respect to the body, the spacer means having a predetermined resilience and damping coefficient so that partial compression of the spacer means provides the pressure by which the drive stud drives the bimorph element, and wherein acoustical energy from the drive stud is alternatively stored in the motion of the support member and in the compression of the spacer means.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the pressure provided by the partial compression is a small quantity less than one kilogram per square centimeter.

19. A string musical instrument of the bowable type having a pluraltiy of strings which are spaced apart and generally parallel to one another, each string having a vibratile length, wherein vibration is substantially confined to the strings when the strings are set into motion by bowing or plucking them, wherein the instrument is played in an upright position with one end resting on the floor, the instrument comprising:

a fingerboard which extends along a substantial portion of the strings so that different acoustical lengths of a selected string can be obtained when the selected string is "stopped" against the fingerboard at different points;

a substantially non-resonant body having rigidity to be resistant to the vibration imparted to a flexible bridge portion by the vibrating strings;

wherein the body further includes a solid body portion for supporting the neck means and the pickup means and extension means which are pivotally mounted to the solid body portion and which are pivotably between a first and a second position for supporting the solid body portion with respect to the floor when in the first position, and which are folded against the solid body portion when in the second position; and

neck means for supporting the fingerboard with respect to the strings and the body, wherein the neck means and the body are rigidly joined together over a substantial longitudinal distance, and further wherein the fingerboard extends along the entire neck means, so that substantially the entire length of the fingerboard is rigidly supported.

20. A string musical instrument of the bowable type having a plurality of strings which are spaced apart and generally parallel to one another, each string having a vibratile length, wherein vibration is substantially confined to the strings when the strings are set into motion by bowing or plucking them, the instrument comprising:

a fingerboard which extends along a substantial portion of the strings so that different acoustical lengths of a selected string can be obtained when the selected string is "stopped" against the fingerboard at different points;

a substantially non-resonant body having sufficient ridigity as to be undisturbed by vibration imparted to the strings;

neck means for supporting the fingerboard with respect to the strings and the body, wherein the neck means and the body are rigidly joined together over a substantial longituding distance, and further wherein the fingerboard extends along the entire neck means, so that substantially the entire length of the fingerboard is rigidly supported; and

wherein the vibration is confined substantially to the strings and flexible bridge so that the string motion is sustained for a maximum period of time following bowing or plucking of the strings;

wherein the pickup means include bridge pickup means which support the strings at a predetermined displacement from the body, the bridge pickup means comprising

bridge body means positioned between the strings and the body for supporting the strings with respect to the body, the bridge body means having a substantially flexible portion which contacts the strings and a substantially inflexible portion which contacts the body;

transducer means communicatively coupled to the bridge body means for transforming the transmitted string motion into the electrical signals; and

base means positioned on the body for supporting the transducer means relative to the body;

wherein the flexible bridge means include

a crown portion shaped for contact with the strings;

an arch portion supported by the base means; and

coupling members for coupling string motion from the crown portion to the arch portion, the coupling members having a predetermined thickness and density to support the crown portion on the arch portion and to minimize the mechanical constraint and so as to permit multi-dimensional string motion to be transferred between the crown portion and the arch portion, wherein the arch portion sums the acoustical energy transmitted through the coupling members; and

wherein the transducer means include

a drive stud which is coupled at one end to the arch portion;

a piezoelectric element which is supported by the base means for contact with the free end of the drive stud;

so that the summed acoustical energy in the arch portion is coupled to the piezoelectric element by way of the drive stud.