Aspirator pump and metering device

• US 4,634,560 A
• Filed: 07/08/1985
• Issued: 01/06/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 02/29/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Aluminum Company of America (Howmet Aerospace, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Aluminum Company of America (Howmet Aerospace, Inc.)
• Inventors: Eckert, Charles E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chiesa, Richard L.
• Application Number:
  US06/752,966
• Time in Patent Office: 547 Days
• Field of Search: 261/76, 261/78 A, 261/66, 261/72 R, 261/16, 261/19, 261/DIG. 54, 261/DIG. 75, 261/DIG. 65, 239/338, 239/340, 239/398, 239/8-10, 48/190, 137/3, 137/7, 137/14, 75/68 R, 75/93 E, 73/202, 417/163, 417/174, 417/151, 417/196, 417/192, 417/198
• US Class Current: 261/76
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 2215/0422 Numerical values of angles
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 2215/0431 Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 23/21 by introducing liquids into gaseous media
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 25/312 with Venturi elements; Details thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 25/31242 the main flow being injected in the central area of the venturi, creating an aspiration in the circumferential part of the conduit B01F25/31243 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 25/31243 Eductor or eductor-type venturi, i.e. the main flow being injected through the venturi with high speed in the form of a jet
• CPC Class Codes: B01F 25/312533 Constructional characteristics of the diverging discharge conduit or barrel, e.g. with zones of changing conicity
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 11/006 involving a first fluid acting on the feeding of a second fluid
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 261/65 Vaporizers

Abstract

An apparatus is disclosed for controlling flow rates of a primary fluid including aspirating, mixing, and metering the primary fluid with a secondary fluid. In one aspect, the invention includes means for passing a secondary fluid of diluent gas through a venturi having specified proportions including discharge coefficient; and means for pumping primary fluid through venturi suction to pass through a primary fluid orifice of specified discharge coefficient wherein the venturi discharge coefficients of the venturi and the liquid orifice form a substantially linear proportionality over a wide range of flow rates through the venturi.

Claims

1. Fluid flow control apparatus comprising:

an aspirator including a liquid orifice and a venturi for pumping at a low flow rate such that the Reynolds number is less than 30,000 and mixing a liquid into a diluent gas to form a vapor mixture having a substantially constant volume fraction independent of flow rates; and

means for metering the flow rate of said vapor mixture;

wherein said aspirator comprises said venturi and said liquid orifice having a configuration such that its venturi discharge coefficient C_DV and its liquid orifice discharge coefficient C_D2 forms a ratio C_DV /C_D2 substantially linear over flow rates below the said Reynolds number of 30,000 above which the discharge coefficients become invariant.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said aspirator comprises means for equilibrating a static pressure at said liquid orifice in relation to a pressure change imposed by said means for metering and further comprising means for controllably adjusting the flow of said liquid into said venturi.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said liquid orifice comprises a metering orifice for adjusting flow rate.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said liquid comprises SiCl₄ or TiCl₄ and said diluent gas comprises an inert gas.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said specified venturi proportions include an entrance cone angle of about 15°

±

3°

.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said specified venturi proportions include entrance orifice area of about 0.009 in.².

7. A fluid control device for controlling flow of a corrosive, volatile liquid comprising:

a flow casing;

a venturi insert within said flow casing, said insert selected to have specified proportions including a discharge coefficient;

a liquid orifice of specified discharge, coefficient; and

means for passing at a low rate of flow such that the Reynolds number is less than 30,000 said liquid by venturi suction through said liquid orifice of specified discharge coefficient and into the venturi at a position at or near the vena contracta of said venturi;

wherein,

C_VD =the discharge coefficient for the venturi;

C_D2 =the discharge coefficient for the liquid orifice; and

C_DV /C_D2 forms a substantially linear proportionality over flow rates below the said Reynolds number of 30,000 above which the discharge coefficients become invariant.

8. A device as set forth in claim 7 wherein said means for passing further comprises a liquid reservoir communicating with said liquid orifice and means for equalizing pressure between said reservoir and a position downstream from the vena contracta of the venturi.

9. A flow control device as set forth in claim 8 wherein said means for equalizing pressure comprises a pressure balance line communicating with said reservoir and a position downstream from the vena contracta.

10. A flow control device as set forth in claim 9 further comprising means for metering fluid flow at a position downstream from the venturi.

11. A flow control device as set forth in claim 10 wherein said metering means is adapted to controllably adjust said liquid orifice.

12. A flow control device as set forth in claim 11 wherein said entrance cone angle comprises 15°

±

3°

.

16. An aspirator as set forth in claim 10 wherein said gas comprises an inert gas and said liquid comprises SiCl₄ or TiCl₄.

17. An aspirator as set forth in claim 16 wherein said specified venturi proportions include an entrance cone angle of about 15°

±

3°

.

18. An aspirator as set forth in claim 17 wherein said specified venturi proportions include entrance orifice area of about 0.009 in.².

13. In an aspirator for pumping a primary fluid employing the momentum of a secondary fluid, the improvement for measuring flow rates of said primary fluid by controllably mixing said primary and secondary fluids and metering the mixture to form a metered mixture of predetermined composition independent of flow rates, comprising:

a venturi;

means for passing said secondary fluid through said venturi having a discharge coefficient C_DV ;

a primary fluid orifice;

means for pumping said primary fluid at a low flow rate such that the Reynolds number is less than 30,000 through suction by said venturi to pass through said primary fluid orifice having discharge coefficient C_D2 ;

wherein,

C_DV =the discharge coefficient for the venturi;

C_D2 =the discharge coefficient for the primary fluid orifice; and

C_DV /C_D2 forms a substantially linear proportionality over flow rates below the said Reynolds number of 30,000 above which the discharge coefficients become invariant; and

means for mixing and measuring said primary and secondary fluids.

14. An aspirator as set forth in claim 13 wherein said primary fluid orifice comprises a metering orifice for adjusting flow rate.

15. An aspirator as set forth in claim 14 wherein said secondary fluid comprises a gas and said primary fluid comprises a liquid.