Process and circuit arrangement for amplifying an input current

• US 4,639,134 A
• Filed: 06/05/1984
• Issued: 01/27/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 06/15/1983
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Leica Camera AG (Lisa Germany Holding GmbH)
• Original Assignee: Ernst Leitz Wetzlar GmbH (ACM Project Development Co.)
• Inventors: Bletz, Walter
• Primary Examiner(s): McGraw, Vincent P.
• Application Number:
  US06/617,551
• Time in Patent Office: 966 Days
• Field of Search: 356/226, 356/223, 356/218, 330/59, 330/105, 330/151, 330/308, 354/424-429, 354/410, 354/459, 354/463, 250/214 A, 250/214 P, 250/214 L
• US Class Current: 356/223
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/0023 Measuring currents or voltages from sources with high internal resistance by means of measuring circuits with high input impedance, e.g. OP-amplifiers electrostatic instruments G01R5/28; measuring electrostatic potential G01R15/165; measuring electrostatic fields G01R29/12; amplifiers per se H03F
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/087 with IC amplifier blocks H03F3/085 takes precedence

Abstract

To amplify an input current present at the input of a circuit arrangement with a feedback-coupled operational amplifier, two virtually equal potentials are built up in two different current paths with a common summing point. By means of the potentials, a current flow is produced for each current path. The current flow in one current path is determined by the input current, and the current in the second current path determined by a suitable choice of the impedances on the first and second current paths. The current in the second current path is greater by a multiple than the current in the first current path.

Claims

1. A process for amplifying a photoelectric current generated by a photoelectric transducer and present at the input of a circuit arrangement including a feedback-coupled operational amplifier, comprising:

(a) forming two virtually equal voltages by passing the current from said photoelectric transducer through a first impedance to provide a first voltage at an input of the amplifier and producing a virtually identical voltage at an output of said amplifier;

(b) forming two current paths having a common connection point, the current in one current path being determined solely by the photoelectric transducer independently of said operational amplifier, while the current in the other current path is determined by impressing said virtually identical voltage at the output of said amplifier across a second impedance; and

(c) adding the currents of the two current paths at said common connector point to produce an output current greater than that produced by said photoelectric transducer, said output current being a function of the ratio of the first and second impedances as well as the magnitude of the current generated by the photoelectric transducer.

2. A process for amplifying a photoelectric current generated by a photoelectric transducer and present at the input of a circuit arrangement including a feedback-coupled operational amplifier, comprising:

(a) forming two virtually equal voltages by passing the current from said photoelectric transducer through a first impedance to provide a first voltage at an input of the amplifier and producing a virtually identical voltage at an output of said amplifier;

(b) forming two current paths having a common connection point, the current in one current path being determined solely by the photoelectric transducer independently of said operational amplifier, while the current in the other current path is determined by impressing said virtually identical voltage at the output of said amplifier across a second impedance; and

(c) adding the currents of the two current paths at the common connection point and feeding the resulting total current to a load connected to a fixed potential, said total current being a function of the ratio of the first and second impedances as well as the magnitude of the current generated by the photoelectric transducer.

3. A circuit arrangement for the amplification of a photoelectric current generated by a photoelectric transducer comprising:

a feedback-coupled operational amplifier having an input with two input terminals, said photoelectric current being present at said input;

a first current path including said photoelectric transducer and a first impedance, said first impedance being connected between one of said input terminals of the operational amplifier and a summing point to provide a voltage of said first input terminal such that a virtually identical voltage is produced at said output terminal;

a second current path including a second impedance connected between the output terminal of the operational amplifier and said summing point;

wherein the magnitudes of the two currents in the two current paths relative to each other are determined by the ratio of magnitudes of the first and second impedances, and the first current path is connected such that the current therein is solely determined by the photoelectric transducer at the input of the circuit arrangement, and wherein the total of the currents of both current paths is available at said common summing point.

4. A circuit arrangement according to claim 3, including wherein said photoelectric transducer is connected between said two input terminals of said operational amplifier and is operated in a short circuit mode.

5. A circuit arrangement according to claim 3, including a load connected between said common summing point and an output of the operational amplifier.

6. A circuit arrangement according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the resistances or impedances has a nonlinear current/voltage characteristic.

7. A circuit arrangement according to claim 6, wherein the resistances or impedances are formed by parts of a semiconductor array.

8. A circuit arrangement according to claim 3, wherein said resistances or impedances comprise capacitances and resistances in both current paths, the value of the ratio of said capacitances being inversely proportional to the value of the ratio of the resistances in the current paths.

9. A circuit arrangement according to claim 3, including an output of said circuit and an integrating capacitor provided in said output.

10. A circuit arrangement according to claim 9, including an amplifying follower circuit connected after the integrating capacitor.

11. A circuit arrangement according to claim 3, in combination with a photographic camera.

12. A circuit arrangement according to claim 11, including switching means in at least one of the current paths for setting a film-sensitivity value or other parameters utilized in controlling film exposure.

13. A circuit arrangement according to claim 12, wherein said resistances or impedances comprise diodes and wherein said switching means is connected to switch on or off at least one diode in at least one of the current paths in order to set the film-sensitivity or other parameters utilized in controlling film exposure.

14. A circuit arrangement according to claim 11, comprising switching means at the output for selectively switching between exposure metering and flash-integration.

15. A circuit arrangement according to claim 3 serving as preamplifier for a photoelectric exposure meter.

16. A circuit arrangement for the amplification of a photoelectric current generated by a photoelectric transducer comprising:

a feedback-coupled operational amplifier having an input with two input terminals, said photoelectric current being present at said input;

a first current path including said photoelectric transducer and a first impedance, said first impedance being connected between one of said input terminals of the operational amplifier and a summing point to provide a voltage of said first input terminal such that a virtually identical voltage is produced at said output terminal;

a second current path including a second impedance connected between the output terminal of the operational amplifier and said summing point;

wherein the magnitudes of the two currents in the two current paths relative to each other are determined by the ratio of magnitudes of the said first and second impedances, and the first current path is connected such that the current herein is solely determined by the photoelectric transducer at the input of the circuit arrangement, and wherein the total of the currents of both current paths is available at said common summing point for a load connected to a fixed potential.