Non-alterable magnetic coding

• US 4,639,584 A
• Filed: 07/25/1985
• Issued: 01/27/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 07/25/1985
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Robert Thomas Adams, Ronald Erickson
• Original Assignee: Robert Thomas Adams, Ronald Erickson
• Inventors: Erickson, Ronald, Adams, Robert T.
• Primary Examiner(s): TRAFTON, DAVID
• Application Number:
  US06/758,695
• Time in Patent Office: 551 Days
• Field of Search: 235/449, 235/493, 235/494, 235/462, 235/436, 360/2, 365/106
• US Class Current: 235/449
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/12 the marking being sensed by magnetic means
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/084 sensing magnetic material by relative movement detecting flux changes without altering its magnetised state
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/087 flux-sensitive, e.g. magnetic, detectors G06K7/10336 takes precedence

Abstract

A card having an uninterrupted strip of magnetizable material affixed to the surface of a substrate can carry a machine readable code in the form of a magnetized pattern. By removing alternate magnetized segments, in a column of parallel rifts across the strip, the machines readable code becomes non-alterable, since a uniform, unidirectional magnetization of the remaining material restores the original code.

Claims

1. A card for carrying a machine readable magnetic code, comprising:

a non-magnetic substrate; and

an interrupted strip of nonpermanently magnetizable material affixed to said substrate, said strip being several times thinner than said substrate, said strip having a column of parallel rifts, none of said substrate being in said rifts, said rifts and said magnetizable material between each of said rifts being arranged in a pattern bearing a predetermined relationship to said code, said magnetizable material between each of said rifts being magnetized in the same direction.

2. A card according to claim 1 wherein said pattern provides a digital, phase modulated format.

3. A card according to claim 2 wherein said rifts are divisible into single width and double width rifts, the latter being twice as wide as the former.

4. A card according to claim 3 wherein the uninterrupted intervals between adjacent ones of said rifts are divisible into single width and double width intervals, the latter being twice as wide as the former.

5. A card according to claim 4 wherein said strip has a predetermined thickness and wherein the depth of each of said rifts is approximately the thickness of said strip.

6. A card according to claim 1 further comprising:

a reflective ribbon sandwiched between said substrate and said strip.

7. A card according to claim 1 wherein said substrate is embossed with a plurality of characters.

8. A card according to claim 7 wherein a portion of said characters bears a predetermined relationship to said code.

9. A card according to claim 8 wherein said substrate is plastic and said strip is oxidized iron.

10. A card according to claim 1 wherein the average number of rifts per inch along said column is between 20 to 250.

11. A card according to claim 10 wherein said average number of rifts per inch is between 35 to 80.

12. A card according to claim 1 wherein said strip is wider than said column of rifts.

13. A card according to claim 12 wherein said column of rifts lies in a first track parallel to at least a second track in said strip.

14. A card according to claim 12 wherein said second track is uninterrupted and magnetized into opposing successive segments.

15. A card according to claim 12 wherein said second track has encoded rifts.

16. A card according to claim 1 wherein said magnetizable material between each of said rifts is magnetized in a direction parallel to the length of said column.

17. A card according to claim 4 wherein said single and double width rifts are approximately the same width as said single and double width intervals, respectively.

18. A method of encoding a magnetizable strip affixed to a card, comprising the step of:

affixing to said card said magnetizable strip at a thickness several times less than said card;

forming a plurality of parallel rifts along the length of said strip, the rifts containing neither material from said card nor magnetizable material; and

nonpermanently magnetizing in the same direction the uninterrupted intervals between successive ones of said rifts.

19. A method according to claim 18 wherein said rifts are formed into a pattern of single and double width rifts, the latter being twice as wide as the former.

20. A method according to claim 19 wherein successive ones of said rifts are separated by uninterrupted intervals, said uninterrupted intervals being classifiable as single width and double width intervals, the latter being twice as wide as the former.

21. A method according to claim 20 wherein said single and double width rifts are approximately the same width as said single and double width intervals, respectively.

22. A method according to claim 18 wherein said forming of said rifts comprises:

scanning a laser beam across said strip to cut said rifts.

23. A method according to claim 22 further comprising the step of:

moving said laser beam while holding said card stationary, said laser beam moving to an extent to allow forming of successive rifts on said strip without moving said card.

24. A method according to claim 22 further comprising the step of:

moving said card past said laser beam, said beam being pulsed while scanning in a given direction to cut spaced rifts.

25. A method according to claim 24 wherein said laser beam when forming said rifts is scanned at an acute angle with respect to the direction of motion of said card to compensate for said motion.

26. A method according to claim 25 further employing a reflective ribbon, said method including the step of:

sandwiching said reflective ribbon between said strip and said card, said cutting by said laser beam proceeding until said laser beam reflect from said reflective layer.

27. A method according to claim 18 further comprising the step of:

embossing characters onto said card either before or after the cutting of said rifts.

28. A method according to claim 24 wherein said laser beam, on the average, is pulsed less frequently than once every scan cycle to develop an encoded pattern.

29. A method according to claim 28 wherein said laser beam is focused to a diameter to cause said laser beam when pulsed on successive scans to overlap, so that pulsing on alternate scans produces single width rifts and pulsing on two successive scans produces a double width rift.

30. A method according to claim 18 wherein each of said rifts are cut for less than the width of said strip.

31. A method according to claim 30 wherein said rifts are organized into a column occupying a first track, the method further comprising the step of:

magnetizing a second uninterrupted track of said strip into successive opposing segments.

32. A method according to claim 18 further comprising the step of:

remagnetizing the uninterrupted intervals between adjacent ones of said rifts.

33. A method according to claim 32 wherein said step of remagnetizing is performed by moving said strip through a static magnetic field.

34. Apparatus for forming encoding rifts onto a magnetizable strip affixed to a card, comprising:

a cutting means for cutting transverse rifts in said strip;

translation means for relatively moving said card longitudinally with respect to said cutting means;

control means coupled to said cutting means for directing it to cut said rifts according to a predetermined pattern; and

magnetic means for magnetizing the interval between said rifts in the same direction.

35. Apparatus according to claim 34 wherein said cutting means is operable to provide a scanned laser beam of an intensity sized to cut said strip.

36. Apparatus according to claim 35 wherein said control means is operable to pulse said beam on when it is scanning in a predetermined direction, said pulsing occurring according to a predetermined code.

37. Apparatus according to claim 36 wherein said laser beam is focused to a spot of a predetermined diameter on said strip, said cutting means being operable to scan said beam at a rate to illuminate successive intersecting areas.

38. Apparatus according to claim 37 wherein said control means is operable to double the width of one of said rifts by pulsing said beam on for two successive scans in said predetermined direction, whereby said control means is operable to produce single and double width rifts.

39. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein said cutting means being coupled to said control means for receiving from it a vibration signal for controlling the vibration of said mirror.

40. Apparatus according to claim 39 wherein said mirror and transducer means are operable to scan said beam linearly and at an acute angle with respect to the direction of travel of said card caused by said translation means.

41. A card reader for reading magnetizable intervals between rifts on a magnetizable strip comprising:

a frame for guiding said card longitudinally;

a magnetic sensor mounted on said frame and positioned for sensing said magnetizable intervals and producing a pulse in response to the passage of each;

a magnetizing means mounted on said frame and positioned alongside said sensor for magnetizing said magnetized intervals, whereby the magnetized intervals are refreshed; and

state means for disabling said magnetizing means, said state means being operable to disable said magnetizing means if said magnetizable strip does not have rifts.

42. A card reader according to claim 41 wherein said strip covers a conductor exposed at both ends of said strip, said state means further comprising:

continuity means for separately contacting said conductor at both ends of said strip and for providing a continuity signal in response to said conductor being continuous.

43. A card reader according to claim 42 where said magnetizing means comprises:

a electromagnet means coupled to said continuity means for magnetizing said magnetized intervals in response to said continuity signal.

44. A method for refreshing and reading the magnetizable intervals between rifts on a magnetizable strip comprising the steps of:

determining if said strip has rifts;

applying, if said strip has rifts, a magnetizing unidirectional magnetic field to said magnetizable intervals between said rifts; and

sensing the magnetization and size of said magnetizable intervals.