Laundering apparatus
First Claim
1. A control system for an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the control system comprising:
- first means operable for electronic and energization commutation of at least one at a time of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly, at least one unenergized other of the winding stages during any one commutation exhibiting a terminal voltage including a back emf and a field collapse voltage ending prior to appearance of the back emf; and
second means for receiving and integrating the terminal voltage in response to its first approach to zero at the ending of the field collapse voltage and effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means when a predetermined level is reached in the integrating.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
Control system for an electronically commutated motor includes circuitry for integrating the back emf of an unenergized motor winding to determine motor rotor position. However, integration should not occur on a field collapse voltage which precedes the back emf. A zero-approaching detector enables the integration of the back emf only when a zero-approach occurs at the ending of the field collapse voltage. The integration is also inhibited from being spuriously enabled by zero approaches for a predetermined length of time after commutation and prior to the ending of the field collapse voltage. A system for controlling the average voltage cyclically applied to a load such as an electronically commutated DC motor includes circuitry for generating a direct function of the applied voltage. The function is compared to a reference by a comparator which indicates when the function reaches the reference. The end of each voltage cycle is signaled when the function of the applied voltage reaches a predetermined value. The external application of voltage to the load is terminated when the function of the applied voltage reaches the reference, and each voltage cycle is terminated when the function of the applied voltage reaches the predetermined value.
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Citations
89 Claims
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1. A control system for an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the control system comprising:
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first means operable for electronic and energization commutation of at least one at a time of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly, at least one unenergized other of the winding stages during any one commutation exhibiting a terminal voltage including a back emf and a field collapse voltage ending prior to appearance of the back emf; and second means for receiving and integrating the terminal voltage in response to its first approach to zero at the ending of the field collapse voltage and effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means when a predetermined level is reached in the integrating. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3)
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4. A control system for an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the control system comprising:
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electronic commutation means operable generally for electronic commutation of at least some of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly; receiving and integrating means operable generally for receiving and integrating the terminal voltage of at least one of the winding stages, the terminal voltage including at least the back emf of the at least one winding stage and a field collapse signal ending prior to appearance of the back emf; commutation signal generating means responsive to a predetermined output lever of said integrating means for generating a commutation signal for a predetermined length of time, the predetermined length of time expiring before the ending of the field collapse signal; and means responsive to the commutation signal for effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means and for inhibiting the operation of said integrating means for the predetermined length of time and intiating the operation of said integrating means when the terminal voltage of the at least one winding stage first approaches zero after the predetermined length of time. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7)
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8. A control system for an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the control system comprising:
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means operable generally for electronic commutation and energization of at least one at a time of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly, at least one unenergized other of the winding stages during any one commutation exhibiting a terminal voltage including a back emf and a field collapse voltage ending prior to appearance of the back emf; integrating means operable generally for integrating the terminal voltage of the at least one unenergized winding stages during any one commutation; means responsive to a predetermined output level of said integrating means for generating commutation signal for effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means; controlling means for controlling said integrating means, said controlling means being responsive to the commutation signal to disable said integrating means; and comparing means for comparing the field collapse voltage with a predetermined level and, upon the field collapse voltage falling below the predetermined level, causing said controlling means to enable the operation of said integrating means. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A method of operating an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the method comprising the steps of:
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commutating in response to a commutating signal at least some of the winding stages by applying a DC voltage thereto in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly; generally integrating the terminal voltage of at least one of the winding stages, the terminal voltage including at least the back emf of the at least one winding stage and also including a field collapse voltage ending prior to appearance of the back emf; generating the commutation signal when the integrating reaches a predetermined level; and initiating the integrating in response to a first approach to zero at the ending of the field collapse voltage. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. An electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source comprising:
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a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence; a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with said winding stages; and a control system including; electronic commutation means operable generally for electronic commutation of at least some of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of said rotatable assembly; integrating means operable generally for integrating a voltage across an unenergized one of the winding stages in each commutation period, the unenergized winding voltage including a back emf and a field collapse voltage ending prior to the back emf; and effecting and preventing means responsive to a predetermined output level of said integrating means for effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means and for preventing the operation of said integrating means after the commencement of commutation of said at least some winding stages until the ending of the field collapse signal. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A laundering apparatus comprising in combination:
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agitating and spinning means for agitating fluid and fabrics to be laundered thereby to launder the fabrics and for thereafter spinning the fabrics to effect centrifugal displacement of fluid from the fabrics; an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source, said motor comprising a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, and rotatable assembly means associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with said winding stages for driving said agitating and spinning means; a control system connected to said motor; and means for applying a DC voltage to said control system; said control system including; electronic commutation means operable generally for electronic commutation of at least some of said winding stages of said electronically commutated motor by applying the DC voltage thereto in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of said electronically commutated motor and the rotation of said rotatable assembly means; integrating means operable generally for integrating the terminal voltage of at least one of said winding stages, the terminal voltage including at least the back emf of said at least one winding stage and a field collapse signal ending prior to appearance of the back emf; commutation signal generating means responsive to a predetermined output level of said integrating means for generating a commutation signal for a predetermined length of time, the predetermined length of time expiring before the ending of the field collapse signal; effecting and inhibiting means responsive to the commutation signal for effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means and for inhibiting the operation of said integrating means for the predetermined length of time; and initiating means for initiating the operation of said integrating means when the terminal voltage of said at least one winding stage at least first approaches zero after the predetermined length of time. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A control system for an electrically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the control system comprising:
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means operable generally for effecting the electronic commutation of at least some of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly whereby a motoring condition is achievable; integrating means operable generally for integrating the terminal voltage of at least one of the winding stages the terminal voltage having a higher magnitude portion followed by a lower magnitude back emf portion under the motoring condition; means responsive to a predetermined output level of said integrating means for generating a commutation signal; and inhibiting means for inhibiting the operation of said integrating means until the terminal voltage of the at least one winding stage falls in magnitude below a selected level selected to exceed that of the back emf under the motoring condition. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32)
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33. A system for controlling the average voltage cyclically applied to a load comprising:
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function generating means for generating a direct function of the applied voltage; comparing means for comparing the function of the applied voltage to an electrical reference and for indicating when the function reaches the reference; voltage cycle signaling means for signaling the end of each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches a predetermined value; and terminating means responsive to said comparing means and to said signaling means for terminating application of voltage to the load when the function of the applied voltage reaches the reference and for terminating each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches the predetermined value. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. A method of controlling the average voltage cyclically applied to a load, comprising the steps of:
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generating a direct function of the applied voltage; terminating application of voltage to the load when the function of the applied voltage reaches a first predetermined value selected to represent a desired average voltage; and terminating each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches a second predetermined value. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45)
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46. A control system for an electronically commutated DC motor having a stationary assembly with a plurality of winding stages and a rotatable assembly arranged in selective magnetic coupling relation therewith, the control system comprising:
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means responsive to a set of control signals for commutating the winding stages by cyclically applying a DC voltage thereto in at least one preselected sequence to cause rotation of the rotatable assembly; function generating means for generating a direct function of the applied voltage; comparing means for comparing the function of the applied voltage to a reference and for indicating when the function reaches the reference; cycle signaling means for signaling the end of each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches a predetermined value; and terminating means responsive to said comparing means and to said signaling means for terminating application of voltage to the motor when the function of the applied voltage reaches the reference and for terminating each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches the predetermined value. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54)
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55. A method of controlling the average voltage cyclically applied to an electronically commutated motor, comprising the steps of:
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generating a direct function of the applied voltage; terminating application of voltage to the motor when the function of the applied voltage reaches a first predetermined value selected to represent a desired average voltage; and terminating each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches a second predetermined value. - View Dependent Claims (56, 57, 58)
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59. A laundering apparatus comprising in combination:
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agitating and spinning means for agitating fluid and fabrics to be laundered thereby to launder the fabrics and for thereafter spinning the fabrics to effect centrifugal displacement of fluid from the fabrics; an electronically commutated motor, said motor comprising a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and rotatable assembly means associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with said winding stages for driving said agitating and spinning means; a control system;
connected to said motor; andmeans for applying a DC voltage to said control system; said control system including; means operable generally for effecting the electronic commutation of at least some of said winding stages of said electronically commutated motor by applying the DC voltage thereto in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of said electronically commutated motor and the rotation of said rotatable assembly means; function generating means for generating a function of the applied voltage; comparing means for comparing the function of the applied voltage to a reference and for indicating when the function reaches the reference; cycle signaling means for signaling the end of each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches a predetermined value; and terminating means responsive to said comparing means and to said cycle signaling means for terminating application of voltage to said motor when the function of the applied voltage reaches the reference and for terminating each voltage cycle when the function of the applied voltage reaches the predetermined value. - View Dependent Claims (60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65)
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66. A control system for an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the control system comprising:
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electronic commutation means operable for electronic commutation of at least one at a time of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly, at least one other of the winding stages during any one commutation exhibiting a terminal voltage including a back emf and a field collapse voltage ending prior to appearance of the back emf; and means for generating a direct function of the terminal voltage during each commutation in response to its first approach to zero at the ending of the field collapse voltage and effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means when the direct function of the terminal voltage thereafter reaches a predetermined level during each same commutation. - View Dependent Claims (67)
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68. A control system for an electronically commutated motor adapted to be energized from a DC power source and including a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and a rotatable assembly associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with the winding stages, each winding stage having a terminal associated therewith, the control system comprising:
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commutation means operable for electronic commutation of at least one at a time of the winding stages of the electronically commutated motor by applying thereto a DC voltage from the power source in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of the electronically commutated motor and the rotation of the rotatable assembly; and means connected to said commutation means for causing said commutation means to apply the DC voltage during each commutation in pulse width modulated cycles, including means for supplying a reference voltage which is independent of the DC voltage and further including an oscillator circuit having a resistor connected to a capacitor that is charged from the DC voltage, said oscillator circuit having a cycle time which approximately equals the length of time in which a current flowing between said resistor and said capacitor causes the voltage across said capacitor to reach a second voltage, and means for signalling said commutation means to apply the DC voltage to the winding stages in any one cycle only until the capacitor voltage reaches the reference voltage, so that the average voltage of the pulse width modulated cycles is substantially independent of the capacitance of said capacitor. - View Dependent Claims (69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74)
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75. A laundering apparatus comprising in combination:
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agitating and spinning means for agitating water and fabrics to be laundered thereby to launder the fabrics and for thereafter spinning the fabrics to effect centrifugal displacement of fluid from the fabrics; an electrically commutated motor, said motor comprising a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapated to be electrically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and rotatable assembly means associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with said winding stages for driving said agitating and spinning means; commutation means operable generally for effecting the electronic commutation of at least some of said winding stages of said electronically commutated motor by applying a DC voltage thereto in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of said electronically commutated motor and the rotation of said rotatable assembly; and means connected to said commutation means for causing said commutation means to apply the DC voltage during each commutation in pulse width modulated cycles, including means for supplying a reference voltage which is independent of the DC voltage and further including an oscillator circuit having a resistor connected to a capacitor that is charged from the DC voltage, said oscillator circuit having a cycle time which approximately equals the length of time in which a current flowing between said resistor and said capacitor causes the voltage across said capacitor to reach a second voltage, and means for signalling said commutation means to apply the DC voltage to said winding stages in any cycle only until the capacitor voltage reaches the reference voltate, so that the average voltage of the pulse width modulated cycles is substantially independent of the capacitance of said capacitor. - View Dependent Claims (76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81)
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82. A laundering apparatus comprising in combination:
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agitating and spinning fluid means for agitating and fabrics to be laundered thereby to launder the fabrics and for thereafter spinning the fabrics to effect centrifugal displacement of fluid from the fabrics; an electrically commutated motor, said motor comprising a stationary assexbly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and rotatable assembly means associated in selective magnetic coupling relation with said winding stages for driving said agitating and spinning means; commutation means operable generally for effecting the electronic commutation of at least some of said winding stages of said electronically commutated motor by applying a DC voltage thereto in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of said electrically commutated motor and the rotation of said rotatable assembly; and means connected to said commutation means for causing said commutation means to apply the DC voltage during each commutation in pulse width modulated cycles, including a logic circuit for supplying a reference voltage which is independent of the DC voltage, a resistor connected in series with a capacitor that is charged from the DC voltage through said resistor, means connected to the same DC voltage for deriving another voltage value which is a predetermined fraction of the same DC voltage from which said capacitor is charged, comparing means for controllably discharging said capacitor to begin another cycle upon the voltage across said capacitor reaching the other voltage value, and signalling means for signalling said commutation means to apply the DC voltage to said winding stages in any one cycle only until the capacitor charges to the reference voltage, so that the average voltage of the pulse width modulated cycles is substantially independent of variations in the DC voltage and substantially independent of the capacitance of said capacitor. - View Dependent Claims (83, 84, 85)
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86. A laundering apparatus comprising in combination:
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agitating and spinning means for agitating fluid and fabrics to be laundered thereby to launder the fabrics and for thereafter spinning the fabrics to effect centrifugal displacement of fluid from the fabrics; an electronically commutated motor comprising a stationary assembly having a plurality of winding stages adapted to be electronically commutated in at least one preselected sequence, and rotatable means associated in selective mgnetic coupling relation with said winding states for driving said agitating and spinning means; electronic commutation means operable generally for effecting the electronic commutation of at least some of said winding stages of said electronically commutated motor by applying a DC voltage thereto in the at least one preselected sequence to effect the energization of said electronically commutated motor and the rotation of said rotatable means, at least one of said winding stages during any one commutation exhibiting a terminal voltage including a back emf and a field collapse voltage ending prior to appearance of the back emf; and generating means for generating a function of the terminal voltage during each commutation in response to its first approach to zero at the ending of the field collapse voltage and thereafter effecting the operation of said electronic commutation means when the function of the terminal voltage reaches a predetermined level during each same commutation. - View Dependent Claims (87, 88, 89)
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Specification