Electric power source device

• US 4,650,729 A
• Filed: 08/08/1985
• Issued: 03/17/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 08/10/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Company Limited No 2 Takara-Cho Kanagawa-Ku Yokohama City Japan
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Nakamura, Masashi, Urakawa, Haruki, Takagi, Yasuo
• Primary Examiner(s): Skapars, Anthony
• Application Number:
  US06/763,605
• Time in Patent Office: 586 Days
• Field of Search: 429/62, 429/61, 429/24, 429/22, 429/120, 429/26, 429/90, 429/91, 320/2, 320/35, 320/47
• US Class Current: 429/61
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/42 Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells H01M10/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/486 for measuring temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/615 Heating or keeping warm
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/625 Vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/633 characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6571 Resistive heaters arrangements for heating the battery by its resistance to the internal current H01M10/637
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6595 by chemical reactions other than electrochemical reactions of the cells, e.g. catalytic heaters or burners
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 16/006 of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/96 Carbon-based electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0258 characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0267 having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04007 related to heat exchange
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04014 Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04186 of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04225 during start-up
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04365 of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04589 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04731 of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0491 : of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04955 : Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/2457 : with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/2459 : Comprising electrode layers with interposed electrolyte compartment with possible electrolyte supply or circulation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 : The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 : Fuel cells

Abstract

An electric power source device comprises a source of electricity in the form of a fuel cell, a battery, a heater or air ventilation arrangement for conditioning electrolyte within the battery, and a circuit for establishing a connection whereby the battery is charged with the source of electricity.

Claims

1. An electric power source device for a motor vehicle having an ignition switch having an off position, comprising:

a casing;

a battery with electrolyte;

a source of electricity;

said battery and said source of electricity being included by said casing;

means for conditioning said electrolyte of said battery in such a manner as to prevent a drop in capacity of said battery which might otherwise be caused by ambient temperature where said battery is disposed;

connecting means for connecting said source of electricity to said battery to charge said battery, said connecting means including a change-over switch means having a charging mode position for connecting said source of electricity to said battery to charge said battery; and

controlling means for controlling said change-over switch means in such a manner for disconnecting said source of electricity from said battery when the ignition switch is turned on.

2. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said source of electricity comprises a fuel cell.

3. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said electrolyte conditioning means includes a heater which is immersed in said electrolyte and electrically connectable with said source of electricity to heat said electrolyte when electric current is supplied thereto from said source of electricity, and a temperature sensor means for measuring temperature of said electrolyte and generating a temperature indicative output signal indicative of said measured temperature, and wherein said change-over switch means has a heating mode position for connecting said heater to said source of electricity, and said controlling means is operable in response to said temperature indicative output signal to control said change-over switch means in such a manner as to maintain the temperature of said electrolyte above a predetermined value.

4. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said connecting means includes means for measuring intensity of charging current supplied to said battery and generating a current indicative output signal, and wherein said controlling means is operable in response to said current indication signal to control said change-over switch means for reducing the intensity of said charging current below a predetermined value.

5. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said fuel cell includes a container means including heat reserving material mounted within said container for reserving heat of reaction taking place within said fuel cell and means for heating intake air admitted to said fuel cell with the heat reserved by said heat reserving means.

6. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said electrolyte conditioning means includes a casing having arranged therein said battery in such a manner as to define an air layer around said battery, said casing having end walls formed with air inlet and an air outlet port which are open to said air layer, valve means for closing said air inlet and air outlet ports so as to isolate said air layer from ambient air, and means for ventilating said air layer.

7. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said battery includes a container having said electrolyte therein and a catalytic reactor mounted on said container in communication with said electrolyte and means for transferring heat from said catalytic reactor to said electrolyte.

8. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said transferring means includes carbon fibers.

9. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said fuel cell has a fuel electrode that includes a frame, a graphite plate having its periphery clamped by said frame, and means for supporting said graphite plate.

10. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 9, wherein said supporting means includes a current collecting network.

11. An electric power source device as claimed in claim 9, wherein said supporting means includes electrically conductive metal wires embedded into said graphite plate.