Stereoscopic endoscope arrangement

• US 4,651,201 A
• Filed: 11/14/1984
• Issued: 03/17/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 06/01/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Schoolman Scientific Corporation
• Original Assignee: Arnold Schoolman
• Inventors: Schoolman, Arnold
• Primary Examiner(s): Britton, Howard W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kostak, Victor R.
• Application Number:
  US06/671,437
• Time in Patent Office: 853 Days
• Field of Search: 358/88, 358/901, 358/98, 358/3, 358/181, 128/4-11, 128/303.15
• US Class Current: 348/45
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/00048 Constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/00193 adapted for stereoscopic vision
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0134 of stereoscopic type
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/34 Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/35 using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/158 Switching image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/189 Recording image signals; Reproducing recorded image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/194 Transmission of image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/221 using the relative movement between cameras and objects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/239 using two 2D image sensors having a relative position equal to or related to the interocular distance H04N13/243 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/275 from 3D object models, e.g. computer-generated stereoscopic image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/286 having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/296 Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/344 with head-mounted left-right displays
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/359 Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/398 Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof

Abstract

A stereoscopic endoscope includes a sheath for insertion into the body of a patient and a pair of image guides and an illumination or light guide extending through the sheath. The image guides and light guide are preferably formed of optical fibers to facilitate flexibility of the endoscope. The image guides optically connect with a stereoscopc viewer for three dimensional viewing of a site within the body. The viewer includes couplings for attaching miniaturized video cameras, the cameras in turn being connected to a head worn stereoscopic video display. In addition, the video signals representing the images gathered by the endoscope may be displayed on remote monitors or recorded by a video recorder. The endoscope may include other channels extending through the sheath such as water, air, gas, other fluid channels with associated valves and/or a channel for receiving an endoscopic surgical tool.

Claims

1. An apparatus for viewing an interior body cavity;

said apparatus comprising;

(a) an endoscope having a first end adapted to be inserted into the body cavity and a second end external of the cavity when said first end is therein;

(b) optic means passing through said endoscope;

said optic means gathering an image at said first end and communicating said image to said second end;

(c) video camera means operably receiving said image from said optic means and converting said image to a signal;

(d) viewing means operably coupled with said camera means for receiving said signal and having a miniature video monitor for displaying an image represented by said signal; and

(e) a head worn harness having said monotor mounted thereon to operatively transfer images displayed thereon to the eyes of a viewer wearing said harness, said harness being adapted such that said viewing means is supported entirely by the head of said viewer.

2. A stereoscopic endoscope device comprising:

(a) an elongated sheath having a distal end for insertion into a body cavity and a proximal end for viewing within said body cavity therethrough;

(b) right and left optic means oriented in spaced apart relation at said distal end and extending through said sheath and positioned to gather right and left images at said distal end and further communicating said images to proximal end;

(c) stereoscopic viewing means optically coupled to said right and left optic means for stereoscopic viewing of said images;

(d) a right video camera and a left video camera optically coupled respectively to said right and left optic means and converting images sensed therethrough to respective electronic video signals;

(e) said stereoscopic viewing means including a miniature right video monitor and a miniature left video monitor connected respectively to said right and left cameras for displaying images represented respectively by said video signals, said monitors being positioned for stereoscopic viewing of the images gathered by said optic means;

(f) video signal switching means interconnected between said cameras and said monitors, said switching means providing access to said video signals and providing for the display on said monitors of images represented by video signals other than said video signals representing images gathered by said optic means; and

(g) mono/stereo switch means connected to said video signal switching means and selectively operable to communicate the video signals from one of said cameras to both of said right and left monitors.

3. A stereoscopic endoscope device comprising:

(a) an elongated sheath having a distal end for insertion into a body cavity and a proximal end for positioning external of said cavity allowing viewing within said body cavity therethrough;

(b) light channel means extending through said sheath and communicating light to said distal end for illumination of said body cavity;

(c) a light source optically connected to said light channel means and supplying light therethrough for illumination within said body cavity;

(d) right and left optic means positioned in spaced apart relation at said distal end and extending thorugh said sheath for gathering right and left images at said distal end and communicating said images to said proximal end;

(e) a right video camera and a left video camera optically coupled respectively to said right and left optic means and converting images sensed therethrough to respective electronic video signals; and

(f) stereoscopic viewing means optically coupled to said right and left optic means for stereoscopic viewing of said images and including a miniature right video monitor and a miniature left video monitor connected respectively to said right and left cameras for displaying images represented respectively by said video signals, said monitors being positioned for stereoscopic viewing of the images gathered by said optic means;

(g) video signal switching means interconnected between said cameras and said monitors, said switching means providing access to said video signals and providing for the display on said monitors of images represented by video signals other than said video signals representing images gathered by said optic means; and

(h) mono/stereo switch means connected to said video signal switching means and selectively operable to communicate the video signals from one of said cameras to both of said right and left monitors.

4. A stereoscopic endoscope device comprising:

(a) an elongated sheath having a distal end for insertion into a body cavity and a proximal end for positioning external of said cavity to allow viewing within said body cavity;

(b) right and left optic means positioned in spaced apart relation at said distal end to gather right and left images at said distal end, extending through said sheath, and communicating said images to said proximal end;

(c) a right video camera and a left video camera optically coupled respectively to said right and left optic means and converting images sensed therethrough to respective electronic video signals;

(d) stereoscopic viewing means including a miniature right video monitor and a miniature left video monitor connected respectively to said right and left cameras to display images represented respectively by said video signals, said monitors being positioned for stereoscopic viewing of the images gathered by said optic means; and

(e) video signal switching means interconnected between said cameras and said monitors, said switching means providing access to said video signals and providing for the display on said monitors of images represented by video signals other than said video signals representing images gathered by said optic means.

5. A device as set forth in claim 4 including:

(a) a remote video monitor selectively interconnected with one of said video cameras through said video signal switching means for displaying images sensed by one of said cameras at a location remote from said cameras.

7. A device as set forth in claim 4 including:

(a) video recorder means connected to said video signal switching means for recording signals representing said images and for playing back previously recorded video images for display on said monitors.

8. A stereoscopic endoscope device comprising:

(a) an elongated sheath having a distal end for insertion into a body cavity and a proximal end for positioning external of said cavity to allow viewing within said body cavity therethrough;

(b) light channel means extending through said sheath and communicating light to said distal end for illumination of said body cavity;

(c) a light source optically connected to said light channel means and supplying light therethrough for illumination within said bocy cavity;

(d) right and left optic means positioned in spaced apart relation at said distal end and extending through said sheath for gathering right and left images at said distal end and communicating said images to said proximal end;

(e) a right video camera and a left video camera optically coupled respectively to said right and left optic means and converting images sensed therethrough to respective electronic video signals;

(f) stereoscopic viewing means optically coupled to said right and left optic means for stereoscopic viewing of said images and including a miniature right video monitor and a miniature left video monitor connected respectively to said right and left cameras for displaying images represented respectively by said video signals, said monitors being positioned for stereoscopic viewing of the images gathered by said optic means; and

(g) video signal switching means interconnected between said cameras and said monitors, said switching means providing access to said video signals and providing for the display on said monitors of images represented by video signals other than said video signals representing images gathered by said optic means.

9. A device as set forth in claim 8 including:

(a) a remote video monitor selectively interconnected with one of said video cameras through said video signal switching means for displaying images sensed by one of said cameras at a location remote from said cameras.

10. A device as set forth in claim 8 including:

(a) computer means interconnected with said video signal switching means for digitizing and storing said images and for retreiving previously digitized and stored images and texts from said computer means for display on said monitors.

11. A device as set forth in claim 8 including:

(a) video recorder means connected to said video signal switching means for recording signals representing said images and for playing back previously recorded video images for display on said monitors.

12. A stereoscopic endoscope device comprising:

(a) an elongated sheath having a distal end for insertion into a body cavity and a proximal end for positioning external of said cavity to allow viewing within said body cavity therethrough;

(b) light channel means extending through said sheath and communicating light to said distal end for illumination of said body cavity;

(c) a light source optically connected to said light channel means and supplying light therethrough for illumination within said body cavity;

(d) right and left optic means positioned in spaced apart relation at said distal end and extending through said sheath for gathering right and left images at said distal end and communicating said images to said proximal end;

(e) a right video camera and a left video camera optically coupled respectively to said right and left optic means and converting images sensed therethrough to respective electronic video signals;

(f) stereoscopic viewing means including a miniature right video monitor and a miniature left video monitor connected respectively to said right and left cameras for displaying images represented respectively by said video signals, said monitors being positioned for stereoscopic viewing of the images gathered by said optic means; and

(g) a head worn harness having said video monitors mounted thereon to operatively transfer the images displayed respectively thereon to the right and left eyes of a viewer wearing said harness, said harness being adapted such that said viewing means is supported entirely by the head of the viewer.

6. A device as set forth in claim 14 including:

(a) computer means interconnected with said video signal switching means for digitizing and storing said images and for retreiving previously digitized and stored images and texts from said computer means for display on said monitors.

13. A device as set forth in claim 12 wherein:

(a) said optic means includes a pair of flexible, coherent fiber optic image guides; and

(b) said sheath is flexible whereby said endoscope arrangement is flexible.

14. A device as set forth in claim 12 wherein:

(a) said video cameras are color video cameras; and

(b) said video monitors are color video monitors.

15. A device as set forth in claim 12 including:

(a) a surgical tool channel extending through said sheath for insertion of an endoscopic surgical tool therethrough into said body cavity.

16. A device as set forth in claim 12 including:

(a) at least one fluid channel extending through said sheath for the communication of a fluid with said body cavity.

17. A device as set forth in claim 16 including:

(a) a fluid valve positioned in said fluid channel for controlling the flow of said fluid through said fluid channel.

18. A stereoscopic endoscope device comprising:

(a) an elongated sheath having a distal end for insertion into a body cavity and a proximal end for positioning external of said cavity to allow viewing within said body cavity;

(b) right and left optic means positioned in spaced apart relation at said distal end to gather right and left image at said distal end, extending through said sheath, and communicating said images to said proximal end;

(c) a right video camera and a left video camera optically coupled respectively to said right and left optic means and converting images sensed therethrough to respective electronic video signal;

(d) stereoscopic viewing means including a miniature right video monitor and a miniature left video monitor connected respectively to said right and left cameras to display images represented respectively by said video signals, said monitors being positioned for stereoscopic viewing of the images gathered by said optic means; and

(e) light source means including light channel means extending through said sheath to illuminate said body cavity for viewing therein.

19. A device as set forth in claim 18 wherein said stereoscopic viewing means includes:

(a) a head worn harness having said video monitors mounted thereon to operatively transfer the images displayed respectively thereon to the right and left eyes of a viewer wearing said harness.

20. A device as set forth in claim 18 wherein:

(a) said optic means includes a pair of flexible, coherent fiber optic image guides; and

(b) said sheath is flexible whereby said endoscope device is flexible.

21. A device as set forth in claim 18 wherein:

(a) said video cameras are color video cameras; and

(b) said video monitors are color video monitors.

22. A device as set forth in claim 18 including:

(a) a surgical tool channel extending through said sheath for insertion of an endoscopic surgical tool therethrough into said body cavity.

23. A device as set forth in claim 18 including:

(a) at least one fluid channel extending through said sheath for the communication of a fluid with said body cavity.

24. A device as set forth in claim 23 including:

(a) a fluid valve positioned in said fluid channel for controlling the flow of said fluid through said fluid channel.