Method and device for enhancement of cardiac contractility

• US 4,651,716 A
• Filed: 11/01/1985
• Issued: 03/24/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 12/03/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: National Research Council Canada
• Original Assignee: Canadian Patents and Development Limited
• Inventors: Roy, Orest Z., Mortimer, Alan J., Forester, George V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Shein, Mitchell J.
• Application Number:
  US06/793,787
• Time in Patent Office: 508 Days
• Field of Search: 128/1 D, 128/24 A, 128/419 D, 128/660
• US Class Current: 601/2
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00185 Means for setting or varying the pulse height
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0019 Means for setting or varying the pulse width
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00703 correcting for movement of heart, e.g. ECG-triggered
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/0207 heated
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/0214 cooled
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/10 with further special therapeutic means, e.g. electrotherapy, magneto therapy or radiation therapy, chromo therapy, infrared or ultraviolet therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5007 computer controlled
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2230/04 Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. E.G.C., blood pressure modulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 23/0245 with ultrasonic transducers, e.g. piezoelectric
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 31/006 Power driven
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3904 External heart defibrillators [EHD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 7/00 Ultrasound therapy lithotripsy A61B17/22, A61B17/225; massage using supersonic vibration A61H23/00 ; using ultrasound for introducing media into the body A61M37/0092

Abstract

An apparatus for ultrasonic irradiation of the heart either when the chest is open after surgery or through the chest wall. It may also be used in conjunction with electrical defibrillation equipment or alone. The apparatus includes an EKG for detecting the heart beat, an ultrasonic generator and timing and pulsing circuits for providing timed pulses of ultrasound to coincide with selected events in the cardiac cycle.

Claims

1. A method of ultrasound enhancement of the cardiac contractility of a patient'"'"'s heart under treatment comprising the steps of

continuously acquiring EKG signals reperesenting actual cardiac cycles of the heart, each cycle consisting of a systole and a diastole,

discirminating each of the EKG signals to generate a discriminated EKG pulse,

generating in response to each of the EKG pulses a delay pulse indicative of a delay interval,

producing an ultrasound gating pulse in response to each of the delay pulses, the said ultrasound gating pulse having a duration shorter than the period of each diastole,

activating ultrasound generating means in response to each of the untrasound gating pulses to generate a pulse of ultrasound having a duration the same as that of the ultrasound gating pulse and the intensity of between 0.2 W/cm² and 2.0 W/cm² SATA, and

applying the said pulses of ultrasound to the heart under treatment in such a manner that each of said pulses of ultrasound is applied during the period of each diastole so that the contractility of the heart is enhanced.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the step of activating the said ultrasound generating means comprises the steps of

generating RF waveforms to drive the said ultrasound generating means, and

gating the said RF waveforms in response to each of the ultrasound gating pulses to operate the said ultrasound generating means to generate a pulse of ultrasound having a duration the same as that of the ultrasound gating pulse.

3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the delay interval and the duration of the ultrasound gating pulse are adjustable with respect to the EKG pulse so that each of the said pulses of ultrasound is applied adjustably in time and duration during the period of each diastole.

4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the said pulses of ultrasound are applied to the heart externally of the patient'"'"'s chest through adjacent ribs.

5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the ultrasound generating means generate pulses of ultrasound whose frequency is within the range of about 20 KHz to about 25 MHz.

6. An apparatus for ultrasonic enhancement of the cardiac contractility of a patient'"'"'s heart under treatment comprising

EKG means for continuously acquiring EKG signals representing actual cardiac caycles of the heart, each cycle consisting of a systole and a diastole,

discriminating means for discriminating each of the EKG signals to generate a discriminated EKG pulse,

delay means for generating in response to each of the EKG pulses, a delay pulse indicative of a delay interval,

gating pulse means for producing an ultrasound gating pulse in response to each of the delay pulses, the said ultrasound gating pulse having a duration shorter than the period of each diastole,

activating means, including ultrasound generating means for generating, in response to each of the ultrasound gating pulses, a pulse of ultrasound having a duration the same as that of the ultrasound gating pulse and the intensity of between 0.2 W/cm² and 2.0 W/cm² SATA, and

application means for applying the said pulses of ultrasound to the heart under treatment so that each of said pulses of ultrasound is applied during the period of each diastole.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the activating means comprises

the ultrasound generating means operative with RF waveforms,

RF generating means for generating RF waveforms, and

gate means for gating the RF waveforms in response to each of the ultrasound gating pulses to operate the said ultrasound generating means to generate a pulse of ultrasound having a duration the same as that of the ultrasound gating pulse.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the delay interval and the duration of the ultrasound gating pulse are adjustable with respect to the EKG pulse so that each of the said pulses of ultrasound is applied adjustably in time and duration during the period of each diastole.

9. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the activating means further comprise a focusing element provided on the said ultrasound generating means to direct the said pulses of ultrasound to pass between adjacent ribs in the patient'"'"'s chest and to diverge to contact a greater area of the heart.

10. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the ultrasound generating means generates ultrasound of a frequency within the range of about 20 KHz to about 25 MHz.