Solid phase electrode
First Claim
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1. An electrode for use in miniaturized sensor applications, comprising;
- an electrically conductive element;
a first layer of salt on the surface of said electrically conductive element, said first layer having a cation in common with some portion of said electrically conductive element;
a second layer consisting essentially of at least one salt providing a coating on said first layer, said second layer having an anion in common with said first salt layer; and
a membrane surrounding said second layer;
wherein said membrane is selected from the group consisting of solution permeable membranes and ion-selective membranes;
wherein the electrode is completely anhydrous when formed.
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Abstract
An electrode for use in miniaturized sensor applications includes an electrically conductive element, a first layer of a salt on the surface of the conductive element having a common cation with the conductive element, a second layer of a second salt coating the first layer, the second layer having a common anion with the first layer, and a membrane covering the second layer, wherein the electrode is completely anhydrous when formed. The membrane may be selected to form either an ion selective electrode or a reference electrode.
14 Citations
41 Claims
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1. An electrode for use in miniaturized sensor applications, comprising;
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an electrically conductive element; a first layer of salt on the surface of said electrically conductive element, said first layer having a cation in common with some portion of said electrically conductive element; a second layer consisting essentially of at least one salt providing a coating on said first layer, said second layer having an anion in common with said first salt layer; and a membrane surrounding said second layer;
wherein said membrane is selected from the group consisting of solution permeable membranes and ion-selective membranes;wherein the electrode is completely anhydrous when formed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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8. An electrode for use in miniaturized sensor applications comprising:
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an electrically conductive element; a first layer of a first salt on the surface of said electrically conductive element, said first salt having a cation in common with some portion of said electrically conductive element; a second layer consisting essentially of at least one second salt providing a coating on said first layer, said second salt having an anion in common with said first salt; and a membrane surrounding said second layer, wherein said membrane is formed of a hydrophobic polymeric material. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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29. An electrode for medical applications comprising:
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an electrically conductive inner element; a first salt layer on the surface of said electrically conductive layer, said first layer having a cation in common with some portion of said electrically conductive inner element; a second salt layer consisting essentially of at least one salt coating said first salt layer, said second salt layer having an anion in common with said first salt layer; and a membrane surrounding said second layer, wherein said membrane is selected from the group consisting of solution permeable membranes and ion-selective membranes, wherein the electrode is completely anhydrous when formed; and
further comprisinga catheter surrounding a portion of the electrode. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 38)
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34. A reference electrode for medical applications comprising:
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an electrically conductive inner element; a first layer of a first salt on the surface of said electrically conductive element, said first salt having a cation in common with some portion of said electrically conductive element; a second layer consisting essentially of at least one second salt providing a coating on said first layer, said second salt having an anion in common with said first salt; and a membrane surrounding said second layer, wherein said membrane is formed from a hydrophobic polymeric material. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37)
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39. A sensing device for selectively monitoring ionic activity, comprising:
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a catheter having at least one lumen; a first electrode disposed within said lumen, said lumen being provided with a first orifice to expose a portion of said first electrode to the environment, said first electrode including; an electrically conductive element;
a first layer of a salt on the surface of said conductive element, said first layer having a cation in common with said conductive element;a second layer consisting essentially of at least one salt coating said first layer, said second layer having anion in common with said first salt layer; and a membrane surrounding said second layer, said membrane being a solution permeable membrane such that said first electrode is a reference electrode; wherein said first electrode is completely anhydrous when formed; a second electrode disposed within said lumen, said lumen being provided with a second orifice to expose a portion of said second electrode to the environment, said second electrode including; an electrically conductive element; a first layer of a salt on the surface of said conductive element, said first layer having a cation in common with said conductive element; a second layer consisting essentially of at least one salt coating said first layer, said second layer having an anion in common with said first salt layer; and a membrane surrounding said second layer, said membrane being an ion-selective membrane such that said second electrode is an ion-selective electrode; wherein said second electrode is completely anhydrous when formed. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41)
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Specification