Permanent magnet excited alternator compressor with brushless DC control

• US 4,654,551 A
• Filed: 05/20/1985
• Issued: 03/31/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 05/20/1985
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Tecumseh Products Company
• Original Assignee: Tecumseh Products Company
• Inventors: Farr, James B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Salce, Patrick R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): REBSCH, DONALD
• Application Number:
  US06/736,299
• Time in Patent Office: 680 Days
• Field of Search: 310/49, 310/68 D, 310/112, 310/153, 310/156, 310/181, 310/263, 310/266
• US Class Current: 310/112
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 1/3222 characterised by the compressor driving arrangements, e.g. clutches, transmissions or multiple drives B60H1/3208, B60H1/3226 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 2027/002 Electric or electronic circuits relating to actuation of electromagnetic clutches
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 2027/005 Details relating to the internal construction of coils or to clutches having more than one coil in the same housing
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 2027/008 Details relating to the magnetic circuit, or to the shape of the clutch parts to achieve a certain magnetic path
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 27/112 with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 19/24 with variable-reluctance soft-iron rotors without winding
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 19/30 for compounding
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 21/044 Rotor of the claw pole type
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 21/14 with magnets rotating within the armatures
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/00 Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines

Abstract

A combined alternator-compressor including a brushless excitation structure for the alternator. The magnetic flux field for the alternator is generated by a rotating permanent magnet ring structure and a stationary toroidal control coil which is arranged concentrically with and between the rotating permanent magnet ring and an alternator base. The control coil is mounted in additive and subtractive magnetic relationship with the permanent magnet ring for control of the magnetomotive excitation field of the alternator.

Claims

1. In a unitary alternator-compressor assembly, a magnetic flux field generating assembly comprising:

a single stationary toroidal magnetic field coil means for generating magnetic flux and connected to a source of direct voltage;

a permanent magnet comprising a continuous ring, said ring rotatably concentrically arranged around said field coil and in the plane thereof;

rotor means concentrically arranged around said field coil and permanent magnet and in the plane thereof, said rotor means forming a part of the magnetic flux path for said coil and permanent magnet, said rotor means comprising first and second discs, each said disc including a plurality of circumferentially arranged pole pieces, said pole pieces of said respective first and second discs alternatingly interleaved, and said permanent magnet ring clamped between said first and second discs;

cylindrical stator means concentrically arranged around said rotor and field coil, and in the plane thereof for completing said magnetic flux path, said stator means including a stator coil whereby rotation of said rotor generates a voltage in said stator coil; and

wherein the flux in said stator varies as a function of the magnitude of the voltage applied to said field coil.

2. The alternator compressor of claim 1 wherein said magnitude of said voltage applied to said field coil is controlled by a voltage regulator.

3. The alternator-compressor of claim 1 wherein the flux generated by said permanent magnet and said field coil are subtractive in certain parts of said flux path and are additive in other parts of said flux path.

4. The alternator-compressor of claim 1 including a stationary compressor housing, a stationary alternator housing secured to said compressor housing, said field coil secured to said alternator housing.

5. The alternator-compressor of claim 1 wherein said compressor housing is a nonmagnetic material and said alternator housing is a ferromagnetic material, said alternator housing forming a part of said magnetic flux path.

6. In a unitary alternator-compressor comprising:

a nonferromagnetic housing with a driveshaft extending therefrom, said driveshaft defining a driveshaft axis;

a cylindrical magnetizable alternator housing defining an alternator base and cylindrical portion, said alternator housing and base concentric with said driveshaft axis and secured to said compressor housing;

a source of electric voltage;

a single stationary cylindrical field coil concentrically mounted on said alternator housing base, which field coil is coupled to said source of electric voltage;

a cylindrical permanent magnet rotatably and concentrically arranged around said field coil and in the plane thereof;

a rotor including interleaved pole pieces surrounding said permanent magnet and field coil and arranged in the plane thereof;

a stator arranged concentrically with and surrounding said rotor, said stator arranged in the plane of said field coil and rotor;

said stator, said rotor, and said alternator housing base comprising a flux path for the magnetic flux generated by said field coil and said permanent magnet, the flux traversing said stator being proportional to the magnitude of the voltage supplied to said field coil.

17. The alternator compressor of claim 6 and including a voltage regulator circuit connected to said field coil for controlling the magnitude of voltage applied to said field coil whereby the voltage generated by said alternator compressor is constant for varying rotational speeds of said rotor and for varying loading conditions of said alternator.

18. The alternator-compressor of claim 6 wherein said cylindrical permanent magnet has like magnetic poles circumferentially arranged along one rim and opposing magnetic poles circumferentially arrayed along the opposite rim.

19. The alternator-compressor of claim 6 and including a magnetizable shell secured to said alternator base and forming a cavity therewith for said field coil and further including a magnetizable member located between one side of said coil and a side of said rotor for conducting magnetic flux.

7. A unitary alternator-compressor comprising:

a compressor housing of a non-magnetic material;

a compressor drive shaft extending from said compressor;

an alternator housing having a cylindrical portion, said housing mounted on and secured to said compressor housing about said drive shaft;

an electrical voltage source;

a single stationary cylindrical field coil mounted on said alternator housing and coupled to said electrical voltage means;

a cylindrical permanent magnet rotataby mounted about said field coil;

a rotor including interleaved pole pieces surrounding said permanent magnet and field coil;

a stator surrounding said rotor;

said cylindrical field coil, said permanent magnet, said rotor and said stator being concentric and aligned in the same plane wherein said stator, rotor and alternator housing define a path for magnet flux induced by the relative motion of said field coil and said permanent magnet, which flux traverses said stator and is proportional to the magnitude of the voltage provided to said field coil.

8. A unitary alternator-compressor as claimed in claim 7 wherein said compressor driveshaft extends through said alternator housing cylindrical portion and said alternator compressor further comprises a single double-row alternator bearing mounted on said cylindrical portion.

9. A unitary alternator-compressor housing as claimed in claim 7 wherein said rotor defines a front-half segment and a rear-half segment;

said rotor front-half segment defining a circular flange portion cooperating with said alternator housing cylindrical portion to secure said alternator bearing therebetween to maintain concentricity of said drive shaft, alternator housing and said rotor.

10. In a unitary alternator-compressor for a vehicle, a compressor including a non-magnetic front housing, an alternator mounted on said compressor housing, said alternator comprising:

an alternator housing and base;

a cylindrical stator including a stator coil;

a single field coil concentric with and located in the plane of said stator, said field coil mounted in a ferromagnetic shell, said shell secured to said alternator base;

rotor means, including a continuous permanent magnet ring rotatably and concentrically interposed between said field coil and stator, said rotor means arranged in the plane of said stator and field coil, and rotatably driven for generating a voltage in said stator coil.

11. The alternator-compressor of claim 10 wherein the magnetic flux generated by said field coil and said permanent magnet interact to cause the voltage generated by said alternator to vary as a function of the voltage applied to said field coil.

12. The alternator-compressor of claim 11 wherein said voltage applied to said field coil is controlled by a voltage regulator circuit.

13. The alternator-compressor of claim 10 wherein said rotor defines two halves, each half having circumferentially arranged pole pieces which are interleaved with the pole pieces of the other rotor half.

14. The alternator-compressor of claim 10 wherein said permanent magnet is a ring magnet having an array of north poles located along one rim and an array of south poles located along another rim.

15. The alternator-compressor of claim 10 wherein said compressor housing is aluminum.

16. The alternator-compressor of calim 21 wherein the flux generated by said permanent magnet and the flux generated by said field coil are subtactive in a first apart of said flux path and are additive in a second part of said flux path.