Vacuum wound drainage system and lipids baffle therefor

• US 4,655,754 A
• Filed: 11/09/1984
• Issued: 04/07/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 11/09/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Stryker Corporation
• Original Assignee: Stryker Corporation
• Inventors: Booth, William M. III, Tice, Robert G., Richmond, James W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lacey, David L.
• Application Number:
  US06/670,177
• Time in Patent Office: 879 Days
• Field of Search: 604/317, 604/319-321, 604/333, 604/323, 604/126, 128/760, 128/762, 128/766, 137/197, 137/205, 210/335, 210/416.1, 210/433.2, 210/436, 210/472, 210/927
• US Class Current: 604/323
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/60 Containers for suction drainage, adapted to be used with an external suction source containers not adapted for subjection to vacuum A61M1/69
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/784 by filtering, sterilising or disinfecting the exhaust air, e.g. swellable filter valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/79 Filters for solid matter specially adapted for dental use A61C17/065
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/89 Suction aspects of liposuction surgical cutting instruments A61B17/32
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/98 Containers specifically adapted for negative pressure wound therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0057 retained by adsorption
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/08 Lipoids
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/7536 allowing gas passage, but preventing liquid passage, e.g. liquophobic, hydrophobic, water-repellent membranes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/8206 battery-operated
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/3084 Discriminating outlet for gas
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/3109 Liquid filling by evacuating container

Abstract

Apparatus for selectively blocking passage of lipids in a liquid flow path. A baffle interposed in the liquid flow path is of nonpolar material and is arranged to permit liquid flow therethrough with contact of said liquid with the nonpolar material of the baffle for removing lipids from the flow. In one embodiment, the baffle is interposed between a wound drain connection and vacuum connection in a drain reservoir and protects a hydrophobic filter which is at the end of a vacuum passage communicating with the interior of the drain reservoir. The baffle enables use of a nonpolar material for the hydrophobic filter and avoids coating and thereby clogging of the hydrophobic filter by lipids in the liquid drained from a wound.

Claims

1. A continuous vacuum wound drainage system, comprising:

a drain reservoir capable of being evacuated to a subatmospheric pressure;

wound connection means for connecting said drain reservoir to a wound and therewith for vacuum draining fluids from the wound;

vacuum source connecting means for connecting said drain reservoir to a vacuum source and therewith for providing the subatmospheric pressure in said drain reservoir;

hydrophobic filter means permitting gas flow therethrough but blocking flow of liquid therethrough from said drain reservoir to said vacuum source connecting means for attaining the subatmospheric pressure in a reservoir by said vacuum source while avoiding contamination of a vacuum source by liquid from said drain reservoir;

baffle means constructed for preventing fatty substances from flowing therethrough, said wound connecting means and said hydrophobic filter means communicating with respective first and second spaces within said drain reservoir, said baffle means defining said first and second spaces.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said baffle means comprise a member having nonpolar surface characteristics for nonpolar attraction of fatty substances from a flow therepast but open to a flow of dissimilar wound drainage fluids.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 in which said member is made of a synthetic nonpolar material.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said drain reservoir comprises a bottle with a cup-shaped upward opening configuration closed by a top cover, said cover having one end overhanging said bottle, said vacuum source connecting means including a vacuum port in a overhanging end connectable to said vacuum source, a vacuum passage extending from said vacuum port inboard from said overhanging end and opening to the interior of said bottle through said hydrophobic filter means, said hydrophobic filter means being located under said cover and facing into the interior of said bottle.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 in which said wound connecting means includes means on said cover located away from said vacuum connecting means and communicating through said cover with said bottle interior, an emptying spout on said cover and communicating with said bottle interior, a cap locatable on said spout for closing same against air leakage into said bottle and removable therefrom to allow emptying of liquid from said bottle through said spout.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 in which said cap is resilient and has a portion distortable by a pressure drop thereacross to indicate a subatmospheric pressure in said bottle.

7. A continuous vacuum wound drainage system, comprising:

a drain reservoir capable of being evacuated to a subatmospheric pressure;

wound connection means for connecting said drain reservoir to a wound and therewith for vacuum draining fluids from the wound;

vacuum source connecting means for connecting said drain reservoir to a vacuum source and therewith for providing the subatmospheric pressure in said drain reservoir;

liquid blocking means blocking flow of liquid from said drain reservoir to said vacuum source connecting means, to thereby avoid contamination of a vacuum source by liquid from said drain reservoir;

baffle means constructed for preventing fatty substances from flowing therethrough, said wound connecting means and said liquid blocking means communicating with respective first and second spaces within said drain reservoir, said baffle means defining said first and second spaces, in which said baffle means comprise a member having nonpolar surface characteristics for interfering with flow of fatty substances therepast but open to a flow of dissimilar wound drainage fluids, and in which said member comprises a mat of fibrous nonpolar material presenting relatively high surface area of material to flow of lipids so as to maximize attraction of lipids to said member from said flow, said fibrous mat having fibers held together in matted relation by a binding material.

8. A continuous vacuum wound drainage system, comprising:

a drain reservoir capable of being evacuated to a subatmospheric pressure;

wound connection means for connecting said drain reservoir to a wound and therewith for vacuum draining fluids from the wound;

vacuum source connecting means for connecting said drain reservoir to a vacuum source and therewith for providing the subatmospheric pressure in said drain reservoir;

liquid blocking means blocking flow of liquid from said drain reservoir to said vacuum source connecting means, to thereby avoid contamination of a vacuum source by liquid from said drain reservoir;

baffle means constructed for preventing fatty substances from flowing therethrough, said wound connection means and said liquid blocking means communicating with respective first and second spaces within said drain reservoir, said liquid blocking means defining said first and second spaces, in which said baffle means comprises a baffle fixedly dividing said drain reservoir into separate first and second chambers respectively defining said first and second spaces in which respectively lie said wound connecting means and said vacuum source connecting means, said baffle being a generally self-supporting mat of nonpolar synthetic material.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 in which said drain reservoir comprises a hollow bottle with a wall enclosing an interior space, means on said wall for locating said baffle fixedly to divide said interior space into said first and second chambers.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 in which said wound connecting means comprises a wound drain port in said bottle wall in said first chamber, the bottle wall in said first chamber including a bottle emptying port for emptying said bottle of liquid, said vacuum source connecting means comprising a vacuum port at which vacuum source is connectable, said liquid blocking means separating said second chamber from said vacuum port, said liquid blocking means comprising a hydrophobic filter capable of permitting withdrawal of gases but not liquid from bottle by a said vacuum source.

11. A continuous vacuum wound drainage system, comprising:

a drain reservoir capable of being evacuated to a subatmospheric pressure;

wound connection means for connecting said drain reservoir to a wound and therewith for vacuum draining fluids from the wound;

vacuum source connecting means for connecting said drain reservoir to a vacuum source and therewith for providing the subatmospheric pressure in said drain reservoir;

liquid blocking means blocking flow of liquid from said drain reservoir to said vacuum source connecting means, to thereby avoid contamination of a vacuum source by liquid from said drain reservoir;

baffle means constructed for preventing fatty substances from flowing therethrough, said wound connecting means and said liquid blocking means communicating with respective first and second spaces within said drain reservoir, said baffle means defining said first and second spaces, in which said liquid blocking means comprises a hydrophobic filter, said vacuum source connecting means having a vacuum port for connection to a vacuum source, said vacuum source connecting means comprising a valve interposed between said hydrophobic filter and said vacuum port, said valve being normally closed to prevent entry of ambient air into said drain reservoir and being openable in response to connection of a vacuum source to said vacuum port.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 including a vacuum source connected to said drain reservoir at said vacuum port, said vacuum source including seal means registering with said vacuum port to seal the connection therebetween against air leakage.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 including a base unit, said vacuum source comprising a vacuum pump housed in said base unit, said base unit including a power source connection for powering said vacuum pump and switch means actuable for powering said vacuum pump from said power source connection.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 in which said switch means has an actuating member actuable by a portion of said drain reservoir upon sliding into position of said drain reservoir onto said base unit in a direction to register said seal means with said vacuum port and effecting of connection of said vacuum source to said vacuum port, said switch actuating member being connected to turn on said vacuum pump to evacuate said drain reservoir, said actuating member and said portion of said drain reservoir also engaging to assist a vacuum seal between said drain reservoir and base unit.

15. A continuous vacuum wound drainage system, comprising:

a drain reservoir capable of being evacuated to a subatmospheric pressure;

wound connection means for connecting said drain reservoir to a wound and therewith for vacuum draining fluids from the wound;

vacuum source connecting means for connecting said drain reservoir to a vacuum source and therewith for providing the subatmospheric pressure in said drain reservoir;

liquid blocking means blocking flow of liquid from said drain reservoir to a vacuum source connecting means, to thereby avoid contamination of a vacuum source by liquid from said drain reservoir;

said liquid blocking means comprising a microporous hydrophobic filter mounted on said drain reservoir with one side facing into the interior of said drain reservoir, said vacuum source connecting means comprising a vacuum passage on said drain reservoir extending from the other side of said hydrophobic filter to a vacuum port open outwardly of said drain reservoir, said hydrophobic filter being provided as the sole means preventing overflow of liquid from said interior of said drain reservoir into said vacuum passage;

selective means comprising a baffle separating said bottle into first and second chambers, said first chamber communicating with said vacuum source connecting means and into which said liquid blocking means faces, said second chamber communicating with said wound connection means, said baffle being porous and of nonpolar material capable of removing fatty materials from fluids passing between said members.

16. Apparatus for selectively blocking passage of fatty substances in a liquid flow path, comprising:

receiver means having inlet means for receiving a multi-constituent liquid including fatty particles as one constituent thereof and further having outlet means for venting gases from said receiver means, said outlet means having hydrophobic filter means permitting said venting of gases but not of liquid therepast from said receiver means, said filter means comprising a hydrophobic filter blockable against gas flow therethrough by contact with fatty substances in said liquid;

means for protecting said hydrophobic filter against blocking by fatty substances and comprising a porous a baffle of material attractive to fatty substances and located in said receiver means such that flow from said inlet means must pass therethrough to reach said hydrophobic filter.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 in which said baffle comprises a pad of fibers of nonpolar material in which said fibers are arranged in matted form and are held together by a binder material so that said pad is substantially shape-retaining and self-supporting, said binder material being unaffected by human body fluids.

18. The apparatus of claim 16 in which said baffle comprises a mat of fibers in which the fibrous material is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene and polystyrene.